临卦

草儿

原文

临卦第十九

(兑下坤上)

临，元亨，利贞。

至于八月有凶。

《彖》曰：临，刚浸而长，说而顺，刚中而应，大亨以正，天之道也。

“至于八月有凶”，消不久也。

《象》曰：泽上有地，临。

君子以教思无穷，容保民无疆。

英文

19.Lin/ Approach

above K ' UN THE RECEPTIVE , EARTH

below TUITHE JOYOUS , LAKE

The Chinese word lin has a range of

meanings that is not exhausted by any single word of another language . The ancient explanations in the Book of Changes give as its first meaning ,"

becoming great ." What becomes great are the two strong lines growing into the hexagram from below ; the light - giving power expands with them . The meaning is then further extended to

include the concept of approach ,especially the approach of what is strong

and highly placed in relation to what is lower .

Finally the meaning includes the

attitude of condescension of a man in high position toward the people , and

in general the setting to work on affairs . This hexagram is linked with the

twelfth month ( January - February ), when , after the winter solstice , the light power begins to ascend again .

THE JUDGMENT

APPPROACH has supreme success .

Perseverance furthers .When the eighth month comes ,There will be misfortune .The hexagram as a whole points to a time of joyous , hopeful progress . Spring is approaching . Joy and forbearance bring high and low nearer together .

Success is certain . But we must work with determination and perseverance to make full use of the propitiousness of the time . And one thing more :

spring does not last forever . In the eighth month the aspects are reversed . Then only two strong , light lines are left ; these do not advance but are in retreat ( see next hexagram ). We must take heed of this change in good time . If we meet evil before it becomes reality - before it has even begun to stir - we can master it .

译文

临/接近

上面是坤卦，代表柔顺、大地；

下面是兑卦，代表喜悦、湖泊。

“临”这个汉字的含义丰富，无法用其他语言中的一个词完全概括。

《易经》中的古老解释将其第一层含义解释为“变得伟大”。变得伟大的是自下而上生长成卦的两个阳爻；光明的力量随着它们而扩展。其含义进一步扩展，包括“接近”的概念，尤其是强者和高位者相对于低位者的接近。最后，其含义还包括高位者对民众的谦逊态度，以及总体上着手处理事务。

这个卦与十二月（一月到二月）相关联，在冬至之后，光明的力量开始再次上升。卦辞接近有至高无上的成功。持之以恒会带来益处。当八月到来时，将会有灾难。

整个卦指向一个充满喜悦和希望的进展时期。春天正在临近。喜悦和克制使高低阶层更加接近。成功是确定的。但我们必须以坚定的决心和持之以恒的态度充分利用这一吉祥的时机。

还有一点：春天不会永远持续。在八月，形势发生了逆转。只剩下两个阳爻、代表光明；它们不是前进而是后退（见下一个卦）。我们必须及时注意到这一变化。如果我们在邪恶成为现实之前——甚至在它刚开始萌动之前——就面对它，我们就能掌控它。

卦象大地在湖泊之上：这是接近的卦象。因此，君子在教导的意愿上永不枯竭，在对民众的宽容和保护上没有限制。大地从上方环绕湖泊。[^0^](#fn1)这象征着高位者对低位者的接近和谦逊。卦象的各部分表明他对这些人的态度。正如湖泊在深度上永不枯竭，圣人在教导人类上永不枯竭；正如大地无边无际，滋养和关怀其上的一切生物，圣人也关怀和保护所有的人，不排斥人类的任何部分。

THE IMAGE

The earth above the lake :

The image of APPROACH .

Thus the superior man is inexhaustible

In his will to teach ,And without limits

In his tolerance and protection of the people .

The earth borders upon the lake from above .1 This symbolizes the approach and condescension of the man of higher position to those beneath him . The

parts of the image indicate what his

attitude toward these people will be .

Just as the lake is inexhaustible in

depth , so the sage is inexhaustible in his readiness to teach mankind , and

just as the earth is boundlessly wide , sustaining and caring for all creatures on it , so the sage sustains and cares

for all people and excludes no part of

humanity .

卦象

大地在湖泊之上：这是接近的卦象。因此，君子在教导的意愿上永不枯竭，在对民众的宽容和保护上没有限制。

大地从上方环绕湖泊。这象征着高位者对低位者的接近和谦逊。卦象的各部分表明他对这些人的态度。

正如湖泊在深度上永不枯竭，

圣人在教导人类上永不枯竭；

正如大地无边无际，滋养和关怀其上的一切生物，圣人也关怀和保护所有的人，不排斥人类的任何部分。