2020高考英语全国I、II、III卷“常考词组、句型”整理（上）

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1、available  adj. 可获得的；可购得的；可找到的；有空的

【原题 A篇】

Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. 

游览过程中，有寄物柜可存放财物。

【例句】

Tickets are available free of charge from the school.

学校有免费票。

【常考句式】

Sth. be available(可使用)后接不定式时,若句子主语与该不定式有动宾关系,则该不定式可用主动式也可用被动式：

These cups are available to use [to be used]. 

这些茶杯可供使用。

sth is available to sb "对于某人某物是可得到",to 后面的sb是可以得到sth.

The goal is to make higher education available to everyone.

目的是使每个人受到更高的教育。

2.We cannot do sth without..."没有...我们不能做..."

【原题 A篇】

It's an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. 

这是一个了不起的成就，是一个在个人、社团以及其它社会机构的慷慨支持下取得的成就。

【例句】

We cannot survive without water. 没有水我们就不能生存。

3.to be sure 诚然；的确

【真题 B篇】

A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all.  

这的确是一个紧张的夜晚，但是有时自然之灵向我们露出了微笑(以示赞许)。

【例句】

It's a nervous night, to be sure. 今晚的确很紧张。

【拓展】

smile on/upon 

比喻用法，指赞同、祝福、好运降临; 向…微笑,对…加以赞许等。

例句：Good fortune smiled on our efforts, and our plan succeeded.

好运对我们的努力露出了微笑，我们的计划成功了。

smile to sb 

距离较远，双方不便交谈，向某人微笑示意。

He smiles to me really sweetly it made my heart leap. 

smile at sb 通常是在面对面情况下"对/冲某人微笑"。

He smiled at me before he died.

4.but no luck

【真题 B篇】If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. 如果我能找到鸟窝，我就可以将它回去，但是没有这么幸运。

but no luck=but had no luck=but with no luck

I've just been to the library but had no luck at all. 

我刚刚去过图书馆，但是徒劳无功。

I tried an employment agency and answered some ads, but no luck.

我试过雇员中介机构，也应征过一些广告，但是，运气不佳。

5.shrink

【真题 C篇】

Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.

 但是，尽管在美国举行庆祝活动，爵士乐观众继续减少且年龄越来越大，并且这种音乐已经不能与年青一代产生共鸣。

【拓展】

shrink=become smaller 收缩，减少

The vast forests of West Africa have shrunk in the past few decades.

在过去几十年里，西非的大片森林面积已缩小了。

connect with sb. 与...有交流;联系

If you stand on stage and share your view of the world, people will connect with you.

如果你站在舞台上，分享自己对世界的看法，人们会与你产生共鸣的。

6.accessible

【真题 C篇】As the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible and preserve its history and culture.作为肯尼迪中心的爵士艺术顾问，Moran希望扩大爵士听众，使这种音乐更易理解并希望能保护它的历史与文化。

【例句】

Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.药品不应放在儿童容易拿到的地方。

The aim of the programme is to make science more accessible to young people.计划的目的是使科学更容易为年轻人所了解。

【拓展】

have [gain, get, obtain] access to... 可接近; 可会见; 可进入; 可使用

Citizens may have free access to the library. 市民可以自由使用图书馆。

With the polution of rivers and lakes,it is now becoming more and more difficult for us to have access to drinking water.

随着河流湖泊的污染，现在我们使用饮用水越来越难了。

7.accomplish

【真题 C篇】What I'm hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore.  我希望实现的是我们这一代与年轻一代开始重新考虑并理解爵士乐不再是黑白的。

【拓展】

If we'd all work together, I think we could accomplish our goal.只要大家齐心协力，我想我们就能实现目标。

We will manage to accomplish the task in time even though it is difficult. 纵然任务艰巨，我们也要及时完成。

【拓展】

achieved after a lot of work  成就；成绩

It was one of the President's greatest accomplishments.那是总统最伟大的成就之一。

8.One of the problems with...

Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost.  Moran说今天爵士乐的问题之一是音乐的娱乐性已经消失了。

【拓展】

One of the problems with... is that 从句 "...的问题之一是..."

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