秋辞冬初启 古词韵立冬

尚

<p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">  霜收秋杪,寒启冬辰。时序迁流,草木敛华。昔宋贤感节候之推移,览疏林寒霭,寄幽思于乐章。撷其数阕,藉古词以观立冬风物,共领清霜淡寒之趣。</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">  词牌《金菊对芙蓉》 . 立冬</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">(康与之体,词林正韵·第二部)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">‍上阙</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">寒塘荷褪,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">篱畔菊留,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">朔风暗换新阳。(平韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">看疏林坠叶,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">薄染轻霜。(平韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">殘红已向波间敛,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">剩东篱、金蕊凝香。(平韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">霞云舒卷,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">烟浮平野,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">静待琼茫。(平韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">‍下阕</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">闲观时序舒长。(平韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">对一窗寒色,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">静阅时光。(平韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">念秋华辞尽,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">物换天凉。(平韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">小炉预备温醇酒,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">候来朝、遥览穹苍。(平韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">幽怀自适,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">临笺觅句,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">慢品清章。(平韵)</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">词牌《金菊对芙蓉》(康与之体)正体格律:</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">‍上阙</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">中仄平平,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">中平中仄,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">仄平平仄平平。(平韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">仄平平中仄,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">仄仄平平。(平韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">中平中仄平平仄,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">中仄中、中仄平平。(平韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">中平平仄,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">中平中仄,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">中仄平平。(平韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">‍下阙</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">仄中仄仄平平。(平韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">仄中平中中,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">仄仄平平。(平韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">仄中平平仄,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">中仄平平。(平韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">中平中仄平平仄,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">仄中中、中仄平平。(平韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">中平中仄,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">平平中仄,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">中仄平平。(平韵)</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">  词牌《金菊对芙蓉》,正体出自康与之《秋怨》,属中吕引子,又名忆楚宫。双调九十九字,前段十句四平韵,后段十句五平韵,通篇平韵一韵到底。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);"> 该调宋、元、明清沿用至今。《钦定词谱》载此调仅存此正体,无独立变体,仅个别字位平仄可灵活变通。</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">  词牌《南乡子》 . 立冬冬夜</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">(依黄升体,词林正韵第十一部)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">上阙</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">霜映小窗幽。(韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">雾气初侵夜半稠。(韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">木叶辞枝风悄悄,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">飕飕。(韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">一枕清寒思绪悠。(韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">下阙</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">月淡照汀洲。(韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">静辨寒鸦语未休。(韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">节换新冬秋意尽,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">悠悠。(韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">静待梅香破冷留。(韵)</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">词牌《南乡子》(黄升体)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">上阙</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">中仄仄平平。(韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">中仄平平仄仄平。(韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">中仄中平平仄仄,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">平平。(韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">中仄平平仄仄平。(韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">下阙</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">中仄仄平平。(韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">中仄平平仄仄平。(韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">中仄中平平仄仄,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">平平。(韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">中仄平平仄仄平。(韵)</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">  词牌〈南乡子》原为唐教坊曲,最早是单调小令,五代欧阳炯体,平仄互押,多咏南国风物,句式简短灵动。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);"> 南唐冯延巳叠单调为双调,改为通篇平韵,开启此调双体先河。至宋,衍出多种字数变体,黄升56字一体格律规整、上下阕句式平仄完全对称,遂成为宋代之后通行正体。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;"> 金元明清,词人多沿用黄升体创作,代代传承。直至当代填词,写《南乡子》大多选用此体,上下片重复的格律范式延续至今。</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">词牌《霜叶飞》 · 立冬</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">(周邦彦正体,词林正韵·第四部)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">‍</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">寒云凝素。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">西风起,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">黄花渐失荣穆。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">疏林尚缀晚残红,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">远岫容如暮。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">叹芳色、悄离万木。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">寥天静锁寒天固。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">野色褪繁英,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">寂寂对霜岑,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">冷雾初赴。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">‍</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">岁晚闲身,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">相看天地,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">幽怀尽揽尘物。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">寸心偏爱赋辞章,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">炼字多艰苦。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">任朔气、细研律谱。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">情操不被流年负。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">纵鬓上霜添,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">慢琢好辞篇,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">自寻佳处。(仄韵)</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">词牌《霜叶飞》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">‍(周邦彦正体,钦定词谱)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">‍上阙</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">中平平仄。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">平平仄,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">中平中仄平仄。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">中平中仄仄平平,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">仄仄平平仄。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">仄中仄、平平仄仄。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">中平中仄平平仄。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">仄仄仄平平,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">仄仄仄平平,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">仄仄平仄。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">‍下阙</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">中仄平平,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">中平中仄,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">中平中仄平仄。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">中平中仄仄平平,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">仄仄平平仄。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">仄中仄、平平仄仄。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">中平中仄平平仄。(仄韵)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">仄仄仄平平,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">仄仄仄平平,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">仄平平仄。(仄韵)</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">  词牌《霜叶飞》此调为北宋周邦彦自度曲,出自《片玉集》,调名取霜叶飞落之意。南宋吴文英、张炎有同调作品,元明少人创作,清代词学复兴后方再见填写,属冷调长调。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);"> 《钦定词谱》载两体:周邦彦一百一十一字正体,上六仄韵、下五仄韵;另有一百零九字变体,传世极少。通体仄韵,一韵到底。</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">  霜覆郊原,辞章寄意。观四时更迭,守寸心所爱,在推敲平仄之中,静领立冬清趣。</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">  欢迎美篇各位老师、诗友莅临空间雅赏,敬请斧正,期待交流指教!</span></p>