<p class="ql-block">编辑：旭东 顺喜 铭台 刊发：旭东</p> <p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><b style="font-size:20px;">首先致谢</b></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><b>梅英明先生 Jeffrey May</b></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;">美国芝加哥亚洲艺术遗产博物馆创始人</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><b>汪涛 博士 Dr. Tao Wang</b></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;">芝加哥艺术博物馆亚洲拓展事务执行总裁</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;">亚洲艺术部普利兹克专席主任</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;">中国艺术总策展人</p> <p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><b>芝加哥亚洲艺术遗产博物馆</b></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><b>经典藏品（四）</b></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;">哈图｜整理</p> <p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><b>004</b></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><b>A CELADON AND</b></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><b>BLACK JADE PIG DRAGON, ZHULONG</b></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><b>新石器時代/紅山文化玉豬龍</b></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;">Neolithic Period / Hongshan Culture</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;">Height 5.2 cm.</p> <p class="ql-block"> 這件玉雕展現了「玉豬龍」，為紅山文化最具代表性的器物之一。作為新石器時代的典型遺存，它不僅體現了當時高超的琢玉技術，也反映出先民深邃而原始的信仰體系。</p><p class="ql-block"> 玉豬龍的細部刻畫生動而神秘。寬大圓形的雙眼流露出莊嚴肅穆之感，鼻樑上規律起伏的皺紋與外張的鼻孔，真實再現了動物的特徵。口下方橫向開槽，止於中央大型穿孔之前，為此類器物的典型設計。頂部另有一小穿孔，顯示其原為可佩戴的飾物或祭祀用墜。</p><p class="ql-block"> 紅山文化分布於中國東北地區，涵蓋今遼寧省與內蒙古一帶，並由更早的興隆窪文化發展而來，將玉器工藝推向史前高峰。紅山工匠善於將真實動物加以抽象化與造型化處理。此件玉豬龍融合豬首與盤曲蛇身，被視為中國龍圖騰最早的雛形之一，既象徵權力與地位，也承載著古人對靈性世界的崇敬與信仰。</p> <p class="ql-block"> This jade carving exemplifies the Jade Pig-Dragon, the quintessential artifact of the Hongshan culture. As a hallmark of the Neolithic period, it showcases the era's sophisticated jade-working techniques and the profound primitive beliefs of its creators.</p><p class="ql-block"> The Pig-Dragon's detailing is vivid yet enigmatic. Wide, circular eyes convey solemn majesty, while rhythmic wrinkles across the nose bridge and flared nostrils faithfully replicate animalistic features. A horizontal slit beneath the mouth halts just before the large central perforation-a signature design of the period. A small suspension hole at the top indicates it was intended as a wearable ornament or ritual pendant.</p><p class="ql-block"> The Hongshan culture thrived in Northeast China, encompassing parts of present-day Liaoning Province and Inner Mongolia. Evolving from the earlier Xinglongwa culture, it elevated jade craftsmanship to its historical peak. Hongshan artisans excelled at stylizing real animals into abstract forms. This Pig-Dragon-blending a porcine head with a coiled, serpentine body-represents one of the earliest prototypes of the Chinese dragon totem. It symbolized power and status while serving as a conduit for the ancients' spiritual reverence.</p> <p class="ql-block"><b>文献源于：芝加哥亚洲艺术遗产博物馆</b></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><b>《鸟兽与礼器》</b></p>