感谢“狂飙英语”给予的定语从句练习题

蕙草佩兰

定语从句常用关系词大全

定语从句关系词分关系代词和关系副词两大类，用来指代先行词，在从句中充当成分。

一、关系代词（指代人/物，在从句作主宾定）

1. that

- 指代：人 / 物

- 从句成分：主语、宾语

- 特殊规则：先行词是不定代词（everything, all, nothing等）、最高级、序数词时，只能用that，不用which

- 例句：This is the book that I bought yesterday.

2. which

- 指代：物

- 从句成分：主语、宾语

- 不能用于先行词为不定代词、最高级的情况；非限制性定语从句只能用which，不用that

- 例句：The house which stands by the river is old.

3. who

- 指代：人

- 从句成分：主语

- 例句：The girl who is singing is my sister.

4. whom

- 指代：人

- 从句成分：宾语（口语中常用who代替）

- 例句：The man whom you met is my teacher.

5. whose

- 指代：人 / 物

- 从句成分：定语，表“……的”

- 例句：The student whose mother is a doctor works hard.

6. as

- 指代：人/物，常用于固定结构 the same…as, such…as

- 可引导非限制性定语从句，指代整件事

- 例句：He is not such a fool as you think.

二、关系副词（指代时间/地点/原因，在从句作状语）

1. when

- 先行词：时间名词（time, day, year等）

- 从句成分：时间状语

- 例句：I remember the day when we first met.

2. where

先行词：地点名词（place, city, school等）

- 从句成分：地点状语

- 例句：This is the factory where my father works.

3. why

- 先行词：reason

- 从句成分：原因状语

- 例句：Tell me the reason why you are late.

简易速记口诀

- 人用who/whom/that，物用which/that

- 所有格用whose，时间地点原因用when/where/why

- 不定代词、最高级、序数词先行，只用that不用which

7, Where

that 在定语从句中的8条必考规则

核心：出现下面这些先行词，只能用that，不能用which

规则1：先行词是不定代词

all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much等

1. All that he said is true.

他所说的一切都是真的。

2. Everything that you told me is important.

你告诉我的每一件事都很重要。

规则2：先行词被序数词修饰

first, second, last…

1. This is the first novel that I have read.

这是我读过的第一本小说。

2. The last thing that we should do is give up.

我们最不该做的事就是放弃。

规则3：先行词被形容词最高级修饰

best, biggest, most interesting…

1. This is the most interesting story that I’ve ever heard.

这是我听过最有趣的故事。

2. It is the best film that has been shown this year.

这是今年上映过最好的电影。

规则4：先行词被the only, the very, the same修饰

1. He is the only student that passed the exam.

他是唯一一个通过考试的学生。

2. This is the very book that I am looking for.

这正是我在找的那本书。

规则5：先行词既有人，又有物

1. We talked about the teachers and schools that we had visited.

我们聊到我们拜访过的老师和学校。

2. I can remember the persons and places that you mentioned.

我记得你提到过的人和地方。

规则6：主句以who / which开头的疑问句，为避免重复用that

1. Who is the girl that is standing over there?

站在那边的女孩是谁？

2. Which is the bike that you bought last week?

哪一辆是你上周买的自行车？

规则7：先行词被all, every, no, some, any, few等修饰

1. All the books that you bought are useful.

你买的所有书都很有用。

2. There is no time that we can waste.

没有我们可以浪费的时间。

规则8：先行词前面有the + 名词，同时后面有不定式作后置定语，从句用that

注意：不定式本身可以直接作后置定语；如果再加定语从句，关系词用that

1. This is the first task that we have to finish.（从句）

= This is the first task to finish.（不定式直接后置定语）

这是我们必须完成的第一项任务。

⚠️重要对比（考试高频坑）

✅ 正确：This is the best movie that I have seen.

❌ 错误：This is the best movie which I have seen.

✅ 正确：All that you need is patience.

❌ 错误：All which you need is patience.

补充小提醒

1. that在从句作宾语的时候，可以省略：

Everything (that) you said is right. （that可以去掉）

2. 非限制性定语从句不能用that

❌ My bike, that I bought last year, is broken.

✅ My bike, which I bought last year, is broken.

原句

It was the midnight___my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.

第一步：填空 & 句子分析

正确填 when

It was the midnight when my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.

结构拆解

- 主句：It was the midnight

- 定语从句：when my father woke me up … game

- 先行词：the midnight（午夜，时间名词）

- when 是关系副词，在从句里面作时间状语 = at that midnight

翻译：那是午夜时分，就在那时爸爸把我叫醒叫我看足球赛。

❗不能填that。如果填that，就变成强调句型，但本句缺少介词 at。

🔑区分：定语从句 VS 强调句

1）定语从句（上面这句）

It was the midnight when …

- midnight 前面无介词；when 在从句作时间状语。

2）改成强调句型（强调时间“在午夜”）

强调句固定句型：It is / was + 被强调部分 + that + 剩余句子

⚠️时间点 midnight 前面要加介词 at

✅强调句正确写法：

It was at midnight that my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.

翻译：正是在午夜，父亲把我叫醒，叫我去看足球比赛。

👉关键点对比

1. 定语从句： It was the midnight when…

先行词the midnight；when = at the midnight；有the，没有at

2. 强调句： It was at midnight that…

被强调的是时间状语 at midnight；有at，不加the

快速判断是不是强调句小技巧

把 It was … that 去掉，如果剩下部分可以还原成完整通顺句子，就是强调句。

去掉： At midnight my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game. ✔完整通顺，证明是强调句。

易混错题总结

❌ It was midnight when my father woke me up.（定语从句，无the，也可以，midnight表时间）

❌ It was the midnight that my father woke me up.（错误！不能直接用that，缺少at）

✅ It was the midnight when my father woke me up.（定语从句）

✅ It was at midnight that my father woke me up.（强调句）

小练习考考你

It was 8 o’clock ____ he arrived.

It was at 8 o’clock ____ he arrived.

你可以思考填什么，需要我给答案吗。

18题when

13题深度解析

原句

But like any one for ____ you feel affection, customers can also drive you mad.

✅答案：whom

But like any one for whom you feel affection, customers can also drive you mad.

翻译：但是，就像任何一个你会对其怀有感情的人一样，客户也会把你逼疯。

1、拆解介词 for

固定搭配：feel affection for sb

对某人怀有喜爱、感情

- feel affection for somebody = have love / fondness for sb

👉 for 是介词，来自从句内部搭配，不是和前面先行词绑定。

还原拆开定语从句：

先行词：any one（指人，任何人）

定语从句：you feel affection for any one

= you feel affection for whom

介词提前：for + whom 放到从句开头 → for whom you feel affection

如果不把介词提前，可以写成：

But like any one whom/who/that you feel affection for, customers can also drive you mad.

（此时 whom / who / that 作for的宾语，作宾语还可以省略关系词）

2、语法关键点（介词+关系代词）

1. 介词从从句里面的动词/名词/形容词搭配来，本题来自短语 feel affection for sb

2. 介词后面指人，只能用 whom，不能用who / that

❌ for who；❌ for that，全部错误

✅ for whom

对比两种写法

① 介词提前（书面，考题常考）

…any one for whom you feel affection

② 介词留在从句末尾（口语、普通书面）

…any one (whom/who/that) you feel affection for

3、整句结构解析

- like any one for whom you feel affection：介词短语作比较状语

- any one 是代词，指代人；后面紧跟限定性定语从句修饰any one

- 主句：customers can also drive you mad 客户也会让你抓狂

4、同类例句帮你理解“介词来源于从句内部短语”

1. This is the girl to whom I spoke.

= This is the girl (whom) I spoke to.

搭配：speak to sb

2. He is the man with whom I work.

= He is the man (whom) I work with.

搭配：work with sb

做题小技巧：看到“介词 + ____”，先想从句里面的固定搭配，介词是从句带出来的，不是凭空出现。

易错提醒

- 先行词是人，介词后只能用 whom

- that 永远不能放在介词后面！❌ for that

单项选择：介词+which / whom（5道）

考点：①从句内部固定搭配；②介词后指人用whom，指物用which；介词后不能用that/who

1. The girl ____ I received the letter is my classmate.

A. from who B. from whom C. for whom D. to which

2. This is the old hotel ____ we stayed during our holiday.

A. in which B. in that C. with which D. for whom

3. The professor ____ we learned a lot will give us a speech.

A. from whom B. for which C. from which D. to who

4. The plan ____ he disagreed has been changed.

A. with whom B. to which C. with which D. for that

5. The boy ____ I argued yesterday is my neighbour’s son.

A. about whom B. about which C. with that D. for whom

答案 + 从句还原

1. B from whom

还原：I received the letter from the girl. 我收到这个女孩的来信。

2. A in which

还原：We stayed in the old hotel. 我们住在这家老旅馆。

3. A from whom

还原：We learned a lot from the professor. 我们从这位教授身上学到很多。

4. C with which

搭配 disagree with sth 不赞同某事

还原：He disagreed with the plan. 他不赞同这个计划。

5. A about whom

搭配 argue about sb 和某人争论

还原：I argued about the boy yesterday. 昨天我和这个男孩发生争论。

做题小复盘：

①先找从句动词/名词的固定介词搭配

②先行词是人→介词+whom；物→介词+which

❌介词后面直接排除 that、who

15题深度解析

句子

I will never forget the day ____ which we worked together in the countryside.

✅答案：on

I will never forget the day on which we worked together in the countryside.

翻译：我永远不会忘记我们在乡下一起工作的那一天。

1、完整结构拆解

- 主句：I will never forget the day

主语I，谓语will never forget，宾语the day（先行词，表时间）

- 定语从句：on which we worked together in the countryside

修饰先行词 the day

核心逻辑

which指代先行词 the day

从句还原：we worked together on the day.

👉 搭配：on the day 在那一天，介词on提前，构成 on which。

on which = when

本句可以改写：

I will never forget the day when we worked together in the countryside.

👉 when = 介词 + which；when是关系副词，on which是“介词+关系代词”结构，二者此处等价。

2、语法对比

1. on which（书面考试高频）

I will never forget the day on which we worked together…

2. when（关系副词）

I will never forget the day when we worked together…

3. 介词留在从句末尾写法

I will never forget the day (which/that) we worked together on in the countryside.

⚠注意：此时which/that作介词on的宾语，可以省略。

3、关键区分考点（极易错）

看从句缺少什么成分：

①从句缺时间状语 → 用 when / on which

the day when / on which we worked together

从句we worked together，主谓完整，不缺主语宾语，缺时间状语。

②从句缺主语或者宾语，用which / that

I will never forget the day that/which we spent together.

还原：we spent the day together。spent后面缺宾语the day，不能用when/on which！

小结口诀

从句主谓完整，缺状语：用关系副词（when/where/why）= 介词+which

从句缺主/宾：直接用关系代词that / which

同类拓展

- the year in which = when（in the year）

- the place in which = where（in the place）



为什么不能用 in which

句子：

I will never forget the day ____ which we worked together in the countryside.

先行词：the day（具体某一天）

核心：介词看搭配

- on the day ✔ 在（具体）那一天

- in the day ❌ 英语不这么用

in 搭配时间：

in + 年份 / 月份 / 季节

in 2020；in May；in summer

on + 具体某一天

on Monday，on that day，on the cold day

✅ on the day → on which

❌ in the day 是错误搭配，所以不能填 in

对比两组，一眼分清

1️⃣ the day on which we worked together

= the day when we worked together

👉the day 指具体某一日，介词用 on

2️⃣ the year in which we worked together

= the year when we worked together

👉the year 是年份，搭配 in the year，所以用 in which

例句：

I still remember the year in which we lived in the countryside.

我还记得我们住在乡下的那一年。

做题判断步骤

1. 把 which 还原成先行词（the day / the year）

2. 想：前面该加什么介词？on the day / in the year

3. 把这个介词填到空上，构成「介词+which」

易混错题对比

① I remember the day on which we met.（day 具体日子→on）

② I remember the year in which we met.（year 年份→in）

小坑提醒：

in the daytime 是固定短语“在白天”，和本句 the day（那一天）不是一回事，不要混淆。

30题答案是where

35题 as 正如

定语从句中 as 的用法

as 既可以引导限定性定语从句，也可以引导非限定性定语从句，是考试难点。

一、限定性定语从句：固定搭配

只和这几个词连用：such, the same, so, as

结构：

1. such … as… 像……这样的

2. the same … as… 和……一样的

3. so … as… 如此……的

as 在从句内部充当成分（主语 / 宾语），不能省略。

例句

1. Such books as you read are difficult.

（as作宾语，还原：you read such books）

像你读的这类书很难。

2. This is the same pen as I lost.

这和我丢的那支笔是一样的。（不是同一支，相似）

⚠对比：the same … that …

This is the same pen that I lost.

这就是我丢失的那支笔。（同一支）

3. He is not so clever a boy as you think.

他并不像你想象中那么聪明。

重点区分：

the same … as ：同类但不是同一个

the same … that ：同一个实物

二、非限定性定语从句：as 指代整件事（高频考点）

as 指代前面整个主句的一件事，翻译：“正如、就像”。

✅可以放在句首、句中、句末；

⚠️ which 引导非限定，指代整件事，不能放句首，这是as和which最大区别。

例句

1. As we all know, the earth goes around the sun.（as放句首，不能换成which）

众所周知，地球绕太阳转。

2. He passed the exam, as we expected.（句末，正如我们预料）

他通过了考试，正如我们所预料。

3. He is late again, as often happens.

他又迟到了，这种事经常发生。

as 与 which（指代整件事）对比

as which

位置 句首 / 句中 / 句末 只能句末

含义 正如、就像（多与预料、知道有关） 这件事（单纯陈述事实）

固定 as we know / as is known to all / as is expected 无固定句式

例句对比：

✅ As is known to all, light travels fast.（句首，as）

❌ Which is known to all, light travels fast.

✅ He won the game, which surprised everybody.

他赢了比赛，这件事让所有人惊讶。（这件事，不是“正如预料”，不用as）

小规律：表示“正如、正如预料、众所周知”优先用 as；前面整件事带来结果，用 which。

三、必考易错点总结

1. as 是关系代词，从句里要做主语或宾语，不能当成连词。

2. 限定从句记住搭配： such…as / the same…as / so…as ；

the same that =同一个东西； the same as =相似同类。

3. 非限定从句：as可以放句首，which不可以。

4. 非限定定语从句，不能用 that。

4道小题（带答案）

1. ____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth.

A. Which B. As C. That D. What

👉答案B，as放句首，正如大家所知。

2. I have bought the same dress ____ she is wearing.（同类）

A. as B. that C. which D. what

👉答案A

3. This is the same bike ____ I lost yesterday.（就是那一辆）

A. as B. that C. which D. what

👉答案B

4. He failed in the exam, ____ made his parents angry.（这件事，结果）

A. as B. which C. what D. that

👉答案B

限制性定语从句 & 非限制性定语从句

一句话核心：

限制性：用来“区分、挑选”先行词，删掉后主句意思残缺，无逗号。

非限制性：用来“补充额外信息”，删掉后主句依然完整，有逗号隔开。

1. 限制性定语从句（限定性）

- 没有逗号，紧跟先行词

- 作用：限定范围，区分哪一个，是句子必不可少的信息，不能删

- 关系词可用： that, which, who, whom, whose

- 关系代词作宾语时 可以省略

例句：

My sister who lives in Shanghai is a doctor.

我那个住在上海的姐姐是医生。

👉含义：我有好几个姐姐，专门挑出住在上海的这一位。

如果删掉从句：My sister is a doctor.（不知道是哪个姐姐，意思模糊）

This is the book that I bought yesterday.

这是我昨天买的那本书。

删掉从句：This is the book.（哪本书？说不清楚）

2. 非限制性定语从句

- 有逗号，和先行词隔开

- 作用：附加补充说明，不是用来区分，删掉主句仍然完整通顺

- ❌不能用 that

- 关系代词作宾语，不可以省略

例句：

My sister, who lives in Shanghai, is a doctor.

我的姐姐，她住在上海，是一名医生。

👉含义：我只有这一个姐姐。只是顺带说一下她住在上海。

删掉从句：My sister is a doctor. 句子完整通顺。

The house, which we visited last summer, is very old.

这座房子，我们去年夏天参观过，非常古老。

删掉从句：The house is very old. 依然完整。

📊考试对比表格

项目 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句

逗号 无逗号 前后有逗号

能否删除从句 删后句意残缺 删后主句完整

that ✅可以使用 ❌禁止使用

which/who/whom/whose ✅可用 ✅可用

宾语关系代词 ✅可以省略 ❌不能省略

as 用于 such…as / the same…as 可指代整件事，可放句首

两组极易对比考题

1. He has two sons who work in Beijing.

他有两个在北京工作的儿子。（不止两个儿子，限定这两个）

2. He has two sons, who work in Beijing.

他有两个儿子，（这两个）都在北京工作。（一共就两个儿子，补充信息）

快速做题判断口诀

无逗号，要挑选，缺它意思不完整 → 限制性，可以用that。

有逗号，做补充，去掉主句照样通 → 非限制性，不用that。

易错小坑

❌ He failed the exam, that made his mom sad.（非限定不能that）

✅ He failed the exam, which made his mom sad.