鲁滨森.克鲁索

玥澄

有生以来第一次完整读完了一本简易版的英文小说，它就是以前常听说名字的“鲁滨逊漂流记"。

第一遍是粗略地通读，本来还想再正式地反复读一遍，正好此书末尾附有问答题，正好帮我把本书串一下回顾。

下面按照问题线索，找原文中的答案：

QUESTIONS（问题）

Chapters 1 - 5（第1-5章）

1. What has Robinson always wanted to be? What do his parents think of this?（鲁滨森以前总是想做什么？他的父母是怎样认为这种想法的？）

Robinson always wanted to go to sea and to become a sailor.(鲁滨森以前总是想到大海去，当一名水手）

His parents didn't let him do this:

His mother cried and his father said,"That boy could be happy if he stayed at home.If he leaves England,he will be the unhappiest man in the world! I can't let him do this.(他的父母不让他这样做，他的妈妈哭了，他的爸爸说：那个孩子如果待在家里将会幸福，如果离开英格兰，他将是世界上最不幸福的人！我不能让他这样做。)

2. How does Robinson feel the first time he is on a ship? Does he go back home to his parents?（鲁滨森第一次上船有怎样的感受？他回到他父母身边了吗？）

When Robinson is 19 in 1651(On Sep. 1st),he go on board a ship the first time(without telling his parents) and soon met a storm(he called)---the waves looked bigger than mountains---He felt terribly sick and was afraid that he was going to die. Every time a big wave hit the ship,he was sure God was punishing him for leaving his parents.He promised God that if he can live,He would go straight to his parents' house and never set foot on a ship again.But when the wind dropped and the sea was completely calm,he watch the sun set and rise again the next morning, It was the most beautiful sight he had ever seen .he forgot his promise he had made to God,and was looking for adventure.He met the captain of a ship that was leaving for Africa the next day.The captain agreed him could come along on his ship,not as a sailor,but as his guest.

(1651年9月1日，当鲁滨森19岁时，他瞒着父母第一次登上一艘海船，没多久就遇上风暴---巨浪排山倒海---他感到可怕的恶心难受，担心自己就要死了。每次巨浪袭来，他确信是上帝在惩罚他不听话离开父母。他向上帝许诺如果他能活下来，一定马上回到父母家里，不再踏足海船。但是当风平浪静之后，他看到夕阳落下第二天早上朝阳又升起，这是他有生以来见过的最美景色。他忘记了他对上帝许下的诺言，仍然一心想冒险，他遇上了一位第二天要去非洲的船长，船长听了他的想法，同意他上了船--不是作为水手，而是作为他的客人。

3. How does Robinson escape from the pirate captain in Sallee?（鲁滨森是怎样从萨累的海盗船长那里逃脱的？）

像前两题那样自己做答案太慢，想让豆包做好，复制粘贴，只当是再读一遍复习一遍。但看了豆包的答案后，又觉不合我意，且失去了原文的精彩描述。还是我自己慢慢照书来回答吧。

……只是感觉好困，换点轻松的。

才做了3题，我就坚持不了了，放弃了这个需要极大耐心的“答题”😜

不过后面有两道题，我觉得比较重要，因此选来回答一下：

其一：chapters 16-20

3. Why does Robinson decide not to kill the cannibals unless they attack him first？（为什么诺宾森决定不去杀死那些食人族，除非他们先来攻击他？）

Because Robinson started wondering what God would think of these cannibals.Maybe the cannibals didn't think there was anything wrong with what they did. They didn't think it was wrong to kill and eat a prisoner,just like Robinson himself didn't think it was wrong to kill and eat a goat or a turtle. Maybe they weren't really as bad as he thought.( 因为诺宾森对上帝怎样看待这些食人族开始有些疑惑。也许这些食人族并不认为他们的做法有什么不对，他们并不认为他们杀掉并且吃掉一个俘虏是错误的，正如诺宾森自己不会认为杀死并且吃掉一只山羊或海龟是错误的一样.也许他们真的不像他以前想的那么坏。)

其二：Chapter 21-26

6. Do you think Robinson experienced the adventure he was looking for as a young man? Why or why not?(你认为诺宾森经历了他年轻时梦寐以求的冒险吗？说明为什么是或否？)

I think Robinson experienced a very big adventure, but the adventure differed from what he was looking for as a young man.（我想诺宾森经历了一次非常大的冒险，但是这种冒险不同于他年轻时所追寻的那种。）

When Robinson was a young man of 18，he was looking for as a sailor and went to sea. He had heard of many exciting stories from his sailor friend about life at sea and therefore always held an unpractical illusion and couldn't recognize the risk at sea.（当诺宾森还是个18岁的年轻人时，他追寻的梦想是做一名水手出海。他从他的水手朋友那里听说过许多关于海上生活的激动人心的故事，因而总是对海上生活抱有不切实际的幻想，认识不到其风险性）

There is "survivorship bias" (幸存者偏差)in those exciting stories. Only survivors can share adventures, while people who died at sea cannot tell their sad stories.（那些所谓激动人心的故事存在"幸存者偏差",只有幸存者能够分享冒险经历，而那些在海上遇难的人是无法讲述自己悲惨的故事的。）

and Let's see what had Robinson suffered and what had he done？（我们看看诺宾森遭遇到什么，又做了些什么？）

1.The shipwrecked and he was half dead with all the water he had swallowed and cast away on a desert island.（船失事，他被水呛个半死，被抛到了一个荒岛上）

2.He felt weak from hunger but had no food with him.Even worse,he had no gun and didn't know whether there were wild animals there. So he had to clime a tree and try to sleep for the night.(他饿得发昏但没吃的，更糟的是他没有枪也不知道是否会有野兽，所以他不得不爬上一棵树，试着睡过那个夜晚。)

3.He realized that the tool such as any one of knives is worth more than the money.（在荒岛上任何工具都比钱有价值。）

4.He built his fortress so that he can safe from wild animals or natives.（他建造了一个防御工事以防野兽和土著的攻击）

5.He is very ill and frightened by a bad dream.When he awaked，He opened one of the Bibles and the first words he saw were "Call on me in the day of trouble,and I will save you".（他病得非常厉害，并且做了个非常可怕的梦。醒来后他打开了一本《圣经》，首先跃入眼帘的是这样一行字：当你遇到麻烦时，召唤我，我将拯救你。）

6.Go Sailing around the island and get a terrible situation:the current put the boat with him alone on the ocean ,with no land for hundreds of miles in each direction.（当他有一次围绕荒岛航行时遇到可怕的状况：急流将载着他的小船推到了汪洋中，四周几百公里都看不到陆地）

7.Meet the cannibals and finally Fight against the cannibals.（遇见食人族吃掉俘虏，后来与食人族战斗，并救出了作为俘虏的“星期五”（后来鲁滨森给这名被他解救的俘虏起的名）

8.Take over the English ship.（遭遇了到荒岛来杀人的反叛船只，解救了即将被杀害的英国船长和他另外两名同伴，并且和英国船长重新接管了这艘英国船只）

9.Robinson went aboard the English ship, then he said goodbye to his island and finally left it after 28 years,2 months and 19 days（1659.9.30-1686.12.19）（鲁滨森在荒岛历经28年2个月零19天后，终于登上了回英国的船，向他的小岛告别）

10.He arrived in England in June the following year(1687.6),and found his parents had died long ago.But he heard that the kind Portuguese captain had taken good care of his farm in Brazil ,and he was now a rich man.（他于第二年的6月抵达英格兰，发现他的父母已去世多年。但他听说那位好心的葡萄牙船长把他在巴西的农场照顾得很好，于是他现在是一个富人了。）

我还是说说我读这本英文简易小说的感触吧。

1.又找回了小时候看小说的感觉。

这本英文小说虽然是简易读物，但其中还是碰到不少的生词拦路虎，让我想起自己小学二年级读中文小说，同样碰到很多不认识的字，也是半猜半蒙兴致勃勃地读完了。我想我读这本英文小说也会同样如此，慢慢读下来，不知不觉地阅读水平（不管是中文还是英文）都会有提高的。

2.从鲁滨森.克鲁索荒岛生存的故事，可见到人类文明的发展史。比如说鲁滨森自己制作的陶罐。在历史博物馆我们常可见到一些陶罐，或粗朴，或精美。以前参观时认为这些很普通，只是匆匆走过瞥一眼，但在鲁滨森的故事里，我看到了其中的不容易。为了做陶罐，鲁滨森在荒岛上用了一年多的时间，去找那种黏土，用这种泥巴捏成各种形状（不同用途），然后用火烧制，经过多次失败，终于能够做成一个粗陋的但可以用的物件。博物馆里能看到的精美的陶罐，经历了我们人类祖先的多少年的探索，从生活的实用品到精美的艺术品。还有鲁滨森自己做的城堡、抓住野山羊然后畜养起来、偶尔发现玉米可以种植等等，这都是人类文明发展史上的重要阶段。

3.生存方式从野蛮到文明的进步

鲁滨森见到的海盗，把抓到的俘虏杀掉后是要吃掉的，他解救的一个俘虏（他给这个俘虏起名叫“星期五”），也是认为吃掉敌人是很正常的事情，因为“星期五”所在的岛上，部落里的人都是这样生活的。星期五从鲁滨森这里学到了一是不要吃人，二是对抓到的动物用火烤熟了再吃，三是学会了种植玉米和畜养动物，等等。星期五说等他回到自己的部落时也会告诉其他人这样来做。这些都是人类生产方式和文明的影响和进步。

4.关于上帝和信仰

我看到至少有这么几次鲁滨森提到了上帝GOD。

第一次，是在他初次出海即遇到风暴时，他想自己快要死了，如果上帝能够让自己活下来，他承诺上帝一定马上回到父母身边，永不再踏上海船（这个承诺后来未能兑现）。

第二次，他发现他的堡垒前的土地上，居然长出了青青的小苗，看起来象是家乡房屋前的英国玉米。他已完全忘记了自己曾在此堡垒前摇落过玉米穗（正好是在雨季之前），以为这些玉米是来自上帝的馈赠。他感动得热泪盈眶。后来他意识到是自己以前的行为所致，就对上帝要少一些感激了。

第三次，是在他生了一次大病并做了一个恶梦之后，等身体稍微恢复一点，他找到一本《圣经》，首先映入眼帘的是这样一句话："在你陷入麻烦时，召唤我，我会拯救你"。这些文字给了他巨大的安慰，他对找到上帝感到非常幸福。

第四次，他乘坐自己做的小船环荒岛航行，却被急流冲到了汪洋大海中而不知方向，等他后来终于借着风力返回小岛登上陆地时，他双膝跪倒，感谢上帝保佑。

5.这本小册子只是简易版，只写到鲁滨森从荒岛返回英国，这时他的父母早已去世，又得到消息说他年轻时结缘的葡萄牙船长帮他打理的巴西种植园生意非常好，所以他又成为了一名富人。简易版故事到此为止，整篇小说留给人许多的感慨和思考。读完这个故事，你还能想到些什么呢？欢迎留言！