<p class="ql-block">周进科</p><p class="ql-block"><b>摘要</b> 碳-硅基医学智能体理论是面向智能时代医学变革的前沿理论框架。该理论主张，未来医学的核心形态并非人工智能替代医生，亦非医生简单使用AI工具，而是碳基智能（人类医者）与硅基智能（AI系统）在认知、决策、情感和进化等维度上实现深度融合，形成具有超越任何单一系统能力的共生型医学智能体。本文系统阐述该理论的提出背景、核心概念、理论内涵、应用领域、价值意义、未来展望及存在的问题，旨在为现代医学的智能化转型提供系统的理论参照。</p><p class="ql-block"><b>关键词</b> 碳-硅基医学智能体；深度融合；人机共生；医学人工智能；智能医学</p> <p class="ql-block">参考文献</p><p class="ql-block">[1] Densen P. Challenges and opportunities facing medical education. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc, 2011, 122: 48-58.</p><p class="ql-block">[2] Makary MA, Daniel M. Medical error—the third leading cause of death in the US. BMJ, 2016, 353: i2139.</p><p class="ql-block">[3] Topol EJ. High-performance medicine: the convergence of human and artificial intelligence. Nat Med, 2019, 25(1): 44-56.</p><p class="ql-block">[4] Rajpurkar P, Chen E, Banerjee O, et al. AI in health and medicine. Nat Med, 2022, 28(1): 31-38.</p><p class="ql-block">[5] Mylopoulos M, Regehr G. Cognitive metaphors of expertise and knowledge: prospects and limitations for medical education. Med Educ, 2007, 41(12): 1159-1165.</p><p class="ql-block">[6] Bitterman DS, Aerts HJWL, Mak RH. Approaching autonomy in medical artificial intelligence. Lancet Digit Health, 2020, 2(9): e447-e449.</p><p class="ql-block">[7] Verghese A, Shah NH, Harrington RA. What this computer needs is a physician: humanism and artificial intelligence. JAMA, 2018, 319(1): 19-20.</p><p class="ql-block">[8] Guo J, Li B. The application of medical artificial intelligence technology in rural areas of developing countries. Health Equity, 2018, 2(1): 174-181.</p><p class="ql-block">[9] Esteva A, Kuprel B, Novoa RA, et al. Dermatologist-level classification of skin cancer with deep neural networks. Nature, 2017, 542(7639): 115-118.</p><p class="ql-block">[10] Horgan D, Romao M, Morré SA, et al. Artificial intelligence: power for civilisation—and for better healthcare. Public Health Genomics, 2019, 22(5-6): 145-161.</p><p class="ql-block">[11] Komorowski M, Celi LA, Badawi O, et al. The Artificial Intelligence Clinician learns optimal treatment strategies for sepsis in intensive care. Nat Med, 2018, 24(11): 1716-1720.</p><p class="ql-block">[12] Bates DW, Levine D, Syrowatka A, et al. The potential of artificial intelligence to improve patient safety: a scoping review. NPJ Digit Med, 2021, 4(1): 54.</p><p class="ql-block">[13] Hood L, Friend SH. Predictive, personalized, preventive, participatory (P4) cancer medicine. Nat Rev Clin Oncol, 2011, 8(3): 184-187.</p><p class="ql-block">[14] Ghassemi M, Oakden-Rayner L, Beam AL. The false hope of current approaches to explainable artificial intelligence in health care. Lancet Digit Health, 2021, 3(11): e745-e750.</p><p class="ql-block">[15] Gerke S, Minssen T, Cohen G. Ethical and legal challenges of artificial intelligence-driven healthcare. Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare, 2020: 295-336.</p>