<p class="ql-block"> 邮轮MSC从美国迈阿密出发，经停牙买加、阿鲁巴、哥伦比亚、巴哈马、哥斯达黎加、洪都拉斯等7个国家，在第十六天到达了被誉为加勒比海明珠的国家，波多黎各。</p><p class="ql-block">The cruise ship MSC set off from Miami, USA, and made stops in seven countries including Jamaica, Aruba, Colombia, Bahamas, Costa Rica and Honduras. On the sixteenth day, it arrived at Puerto Rico, which is known as the gem of the Caribbean Sea.</p> <p class="ql-block"> 波多黎各岛，是拉丁美洲西印度群岛中的美国属地。面积8897平方公里，由多个岛屿组成。人口347万。全岛划分为7个州，首府圣胡安。</p><p class="ql-block">Puerto Rico, an American territory in the West Indies of Latin America, covers an area of 8,897 square kilometers and is composed of multiple islands. It has a population of 3.47 million. The entire island is divided into seven states, with San Juan as its capital.</p> <p class="ql-block"> 波多黎各的国旗和国徽。</p><p class="ql-block">The flag and emblem of Puerto Rico.</p> <p class="ql-block"> 波多黎各是美国在加勒比海地区的一个自治邦（境外领土），拥有独特的政治地位，既非美国的州，也非独立国家，其居民为美国公民但权利受限。</p><p class="ql-block">Puerto Rico is an autonomous commonwealth (overseas territory) of the United States in the Caribbean region. It has a unique political status, neither being a state of the United States nor an independent country. Its residents are American citizens but have limited rights.</p> <p class="ql-block"> 波多黎各人拥有美国公民身份，可自由在美国本土生活与工作，但在美国总统大选中没有投票权。</p><p class="ql-block">Puerto Ricans have American citizenship and are free to live and work in the United States. However, they do not have the right to vote in the US presidential elections.</p> <p class="ql-block"> 波多黎各目前是美国的一个“自由邦”，人们不需缴纳联邦个人所得税，但需缴纳其他联邦税，这种状况使其在经济上高度依赖美国的援助。</p><p class="ql-block">Puerto Rico is currently a "free state" of the United States. People there do not have to pay federal personal income tax, but they do have to pay other federal taxes. This situation makes it highly dependent on U.S. aid in terms of its economy.</p> <p class="ql-block"> 历史上，波多黎各岛原为泰诺族印第安人居住地，1493年哥伦布第二次航行时发现并命名为圣胡安岛。</p><p class="ql-block">Historically, the island of Puerto Rico was originally inhabited by the Taíno Indians. In 1493, when Columbus made his second voyage, he discovered and named it San Juan Island.</p> <p class="ql-block"> 1508年起，波多黎各成为西班牙殖民地，1898年美西战争后被割让给美国。</p><p class="ql-block"> 1952年，波多黎各正式确立自治邦地位。</p><p class="ql-block">Since 1508, Puerto Rico has been a Spanish colony. After the Spanish-American War in 1898, it was ceded to the United States.</p><p class="ql-block">In 1952, Puerto Rico officially established its status as an autonomous commonwealth.</p> <p class="ql-block"> 近年来，关于是否成为美国第51个州的讨论持续不断。尽管多次公投中支持建州的比例上升（如2017年达97%），但至今未获通过。</p><p class="ql-block">In recent years, there has been continuous discussion about whether to become the 51st state of the United States. Although the proportion of people in favor of establishing a new state has risen in several referendums (reaching 97% in 2017), the proposal has not been approved yet.</p> <p class="ql-block"> 波多黎各的官方语言为西班牙语和英语，但日常生活中超过90%的人以西班牙语为主要交流语言。</p><p class="ql-block">The official languages of Puerto Rico are Spanish and English. However, in daily life, more than 90% of the population uses Spanish as their primary means of communication.</p> <p class="ql-block"> 国家虽小，波多黎各的生物科学制造却世界闻名。这里有美国排名第一的FDA批准药品生产基地，占全美约75%的高端药品都产自这里。</p><p class="ql-block">Although the country is small, Puerto Rico's biotechnology manufacturing is world-renowned. Here, there is the top-ranked FDA-approved drug production base in the United States, and about 75% of the high-end drugs in the country are produced here.</p> <p class="ql-block"> 像加勒比的阳光、海风，圣胡安人生活的休闲惬意。街头巷尾不时回荡着萨尔萨舞曲，人们举着咖啡，喝着朗姆酒即兴欢唱。</p><p class="ql-block">Like the sun and sea breeze of the Caribbean, the people of San Juan live a laid-back and carefree life. Salsa music echoes from time to time in the streets and alleys, and people raise their coffee cups and rum glasses, singing impromptu.</p> <p class="ql-block"> 波多黎各，加勒比海的明珠。</p><p class="ql-block">Puerto Rico, the pearl of the Caribbean Sea.</p> <p class="ql-block">END</p>