<p class="ql-block"><b>■ 广 益</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b>动词 do</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b>do away动词+副词</b></p> <p class="ql-block">可可西里无人区</p> <p class="ql-block">保护动物藏羚羊</p> <p class="ql-block">It’s time to do away with some of the old regulations.（该是废除某些旧规章的时候了。）这里do away with something表示摆脱或废除某事物。</p><p class="ql-block">Criminals did away with three wardens of the Kekexili Wildlife Reserve and poached Tibet Oryx recklessly. （犯罪份子杀死三名可可西里野生动物保护区管理人员后肆意盗猎藏羚羊。）这里do away with someone表示杀死某人。与我们口头常说的做掉某人，干掉某人用词一模一样。也可以用do for someone.</p> <p class="ql-block"><b>do by动词+介词</b></p><p class="ql-block">The regime that does badly by its people will not succeed.（残害老百姓的政权不会长久。）这里do by someone表示对待某人。用do by构成的惯用语最为熟知的就是do as you would be done by（己所不欲，无施于人。）</p> <p class="ql-block">裁判员</p> <p class="ql-block">Why do you feel hard done by! In fact, the judges have given you the highest scores obtainable for your play.（你为什么觉得不公平，其实裁判已经给了你可能得到的最高分数。）be hard done by表示受到不公正对待。</p> <p class="ql-block">成功企业家</p> <p class="ql-block">A successful business man never does anything by halves.（成功的企业家做事从不半途而废。）do something by halves表示做事不彻底，做夹生饭，做半吊子事。通常情况下使用否定式，表示做事完全彻底。</p><p class="ql-block"><b>do down动词+副词</b></p><p class="ql-block">Big companies are always trying to do their competitors down.（大公司总想搞垮竞争对手。）这里do down表示击败、搞垮某人，而且通常是通过不正当的手段。</p> <p class="ql-block">传统价值观</p> <p class="ql-block">It has become fashionable to do down traditional moral values.（贬低传统价值已成为一种时尚。）这里do down表示说某人的坏话，贬低某事物。do oneself down就是自责。</p> <p class="ql-block">孙子过生日🎁</p> <p class="ql-block"><b>do for动词+介词</b></p><p class="ql-block">My grandson has never done badly for gifts of money on his birthday.（孙子过生日总会得到许多红包。）这里do for something表示得到什么东西。</p> <p class="ql-block">乱世佳人斯嘉丽和她的黑奴女仆</p> <p class="ql-block">The old black woman has been doing for Scarlett’s family for scores of years.（黑人老妇为斯嘉丽家做家务已经很多年了。）这里do for someone表示为某人管家，做家务。斯嘉丽是玛格丽特·米切尔（Margaret Mitchell）名著“飘”（Gone with the Wind）的主人公，她家的庄园中有很多黑奴。据该书改编的同名电影中文译名为“乱世佳人”。</p> <p class="ql-block">The severe storm did for most of the farm buildings.（暴风雨摧毁了大部分农舍。）这里do for something表示破坏某事物。而do for someone表示杀死或击败某人，如</p> <p class="ql-block">围棋国手罗洗河对阵李昌镐</p> <p class="ql-block">It was Luo Xihe’s ability to meet contingencies that did for Lee Chang-Ho.（罗洗河的应变能力打败了李昌镐</p> <p class="ql-block">歌手毛阿敏</p> <p class="ql-block">That new hairstyle doesn’t do anything for Mao Amin.（那个新发型一点也不适合毛阿敏。）这里do for someone表示适合某人，使某人改观。毛阿敏到香港去发展了一段时间，港方的包装，尤其是发型莫名其妙。</p> <p class="ql-block">老旧外套</p> <p class="ql-block">This coat is done for.（这件外套破旧了。）这里be done for表示东西破旧损坏。还可表示某人累倒，事物完蛋，垮台等。如</p><p class="ql-block">I’m done for.（我累坏了。）</p><p class="ql-block">If the government increases our taxes any further, the business is done for.（如果政府再加税公司就完蛋了。）</p>