20251230-浦美-卢浮宫-图案的奇迹3/3-TURKEY

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奥斯曼1342-1924THE OTTOMAN WORLD奢华的奥斯曼世界奥斯曼帝国发轫于13、14世纪之交的安纳托利亚。14世纪其势力在巴尔干地区不断扩张，最终于1453年攻陷君士坦丁堡,结束了拜占庭的统治。此后短短数十年间，在这座昔日的拜占庭都城内，奥斯曼苏丹、朝臣与权贵们兴建了大量公共建筑。16世纪，帝国步入鼎盛，疆域横跨东欧、巴尔干、小亚细亚、中东及北非。帝国的两大核心都市伊斯坦布尔(旧称君士坦丁堡)与开罗人口密集，众多陆海商路在此交汇。至17世纪，奥斯曼的领土扩张陷入停滞，帝国由盛转衰，直至1924年覆灭。奥斯曼人大力赞助艺术，创作了精美的图书艺术、精湛的纺织品与陶瓷这些作品如今成为卢浮宫的核心馆藏。 镜像铭文砖土耳其，18或19世纪釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆Tile with a mirrored inscriptionTurkey,18th or 19th c.Glazed ceramicMusee du Louvre, on deposit from the Musee des Arts dccoratifs, Paris 奥斯曼土耳其语诗歌铭文砖(三件)土耳其，约1720一1740年釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆,现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆奥斯曼土耳其语铭文:“此花显圣，俯拾即见”Tiles with poetic inscription in Ottoman TurkishTurkey,ca 1720-1740Glazed ceramicMusee du Louvre,on deposit from the Musee des Arts decoratifs, ParisOttoman Turkish inscription:"Take this flower they made appear” 阿拉伯语铭文饰板叙利亚，18世纪釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆,现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆Panel with Arabic inscriptionsSyria,18th c.Glazed ceramicMusee du Louvre, on deposit from the Musee des Arts decoratifs,Paris 波斯语诗歌铭文饰板叙利亚，约1570一1620年釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆波斯语铭文:“哈菲兹诗篇动人心魂，乃颂君之歌，君之信众唱起颂歌，能令九霄舞翩跹。”Panel with poetic inscription in PersianSyria,ca 1570-1620Glazed ceramicMusee du Louvre,on deposit from the Musee des Arts dacoratis,ParisPersian inscription:"The song of Your congregationmakes the sky dance now thatHafez's poem with its luscious words isYour song 书法奥斯曼帝国的装饰艺术从自然中汲取灵感，既有想象，亦不乏写实，而铭文在其中占据重要地位。帝国内通行多门语言，但皆采用阿拉伯字母书写:奥斯曼土耳其语用于帝国官方函件、行政文书及文学作品，阿拉伯语用于宗教场合与地方行政文书，波斯语用于文学创作。书法在各门艺术中享有崇高地位，除抄本外，书法广泛应用于建筑、陶瓷、金属器、玻璃器与纺织品。这些铭文既有装饰作用，也承载宗教、政治、神秘主义或象征性意义。CalligraphyThe Ottoman world drew on nature, fantastic or realistic for its decorative repertoire, in which inscriptions played a major role. Different languages, with a common alphabet, were used: Ottoman Turkish(for official correspondence, administration, and belles lettres), Arabic (for religious matters and local provincial administration), and Persian (for belles lettres). Calligraphy occupies a privileged place among the other arts. In addition to manuscripts, inscriptions enhance architecture, ceramics, metalware, glass, and textiles. They serve a decorative purpose while conveying religious, political, mystical, or symbolic meanings. 《古兰经》抄本土耳其，16世纪皮革、墨、金、纸属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫Quranic manuscriptTurkey, 16th c.Leather,ink,gold, paperMusee du Louvre,on deposit from the Musee des Arts dacoratis,Paris 书法册土耳其1650-1700年皮草、墨、金、纸Calligraphy AlbumTurkey, 1650-1700Leather,ink,gold, paper 书法用具收纳盒土耳其，1804一1805年彩绘上漆的木料、铜合金、铁合金、金属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆Calligraphy toolboxTurkey,1804-05Painted and varnished wood, copper alloy, iron alloy, goldMusee du Louvre, on deposit from the Musee des Arts decoratifs, Paris 书法用具:小刀、用于削芦苇笔的金属板、匙、剪刀土耳其，18一19世纪铁、铜、金、象牙、钢、银部分展品为卢浮宫博物馆藏品;部分属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫Calligraphic tools: knives, reed pen sharpening board, spoon and scissorsTurkey,18th-19th c.Iron,copper, gold,ivory, steel, silverMusee du Louvre and Musee des Arts decoratifs (deposit) 带有苏丹马哈茂德一世花押的可携式笔盒与墨水瓶土耳其，约1730一1754年银合金、金、石榴石Portable pen case and inkwell with themonogram of Sultan Mahmud ITurkey,ca 1730-54Silver alloy, gold, garnet 以苏丹艾哈迈德一世(1603一1617年在位)之名签订的条约土耳其，1604年纸、墨、彩料、金该条约为奥斯曼帝国文书机构颁发的官方文件，开头以庄严的鎏金大字书写当朝苏丹的姓名与尊号。正文以奥斯曼土耳其语写就，书写呈曲线向上飞翘。此类书体仅奥斯曼中央政府的专业书记官方能驾驭，极难仿制。Agreement in the name of Sultan Ahmet I (r. 1603-1617)Turkey, 1604Paper,ink, pigments, goldThis official document, issued by the Ottoman chancery,begins with the name and titles of the reigning sultan in monumental gold letters. The text, written in Ottoman Turkish, unfolds in several curved and ascending lines.Only professional scribes attached to the Ottoman central administration mastered this type of script, which was very difficult to counterfeit. 挂灯土耳其，约1510年釉陶这些灯盏以象征的方式表现光，或兼具声响功能。器身饰框内有一种笔势流畅的、近似“苏鲁斯体”风格的阿拉伯书法体。 陶瓷大师大约自1470年起，伊兹尼克的陶工开始烧制优质石胎陶，欲以其白度与光泽媲美中国瓷器。初期以蓝白纹饰为主，仿效当时中国瓷器的风格;至16世纪中叶前后，色彩体系方趋于丰富。这些陶瓷的精良工艺，反映了奥斯曼宫廷作为艺术品赞助方的雄心壮志，体现其对奢华器物愈发强烈的追求。伊兹尼克陶盘流通于奥斯曼帝国全境，并远销意大利与西欧地区。16世纪中期，随着众多公共建筑与宫殿的陆续建成，伊兹尼克的陶砖制作在宫廷委托的推动下迅速兴盛。陶砖的纹饰题材及所用色彩日趋多样，与餐具的发展一脉相承。Masters of CeramicsFrom around 1470, potters in the city of Iznik began producing high-quality stoneware ceramics that was meant to rival Chinese porcelain in whiteness and brilliance. Blue-and-white motifs prevailed at the beginning, in line with Chinese porcelain of the time, until an expanded colour scheme was adopted around the middle of the 16th century. The quality of these ceramics reflected the ambitions of a court patronage, with a growing demand for objects of.luxury and prestige. Iznik dishes were widely used throughout the Ottoman Empire. They were also exported to Italy and Western Europe. Iznik's tile production took off in the mid-16th century, stimulated by the construction of many public buildings and palaces, and controlled by court orders. The decorative repertoire and the colour range diversified over time, following the same path of evolution as that of tableware. 伊斯坦布尔的宫廷生活Istanbul court life我们借鉴了伊斯坦布尔托普卡帕宫等建筑中遗留的装饰元素，在此复原了一间17世纪的宫延厅堂，陈设包含原始文物(陶砖、地毯、展柜中的器物)与场景复原装饰(窗户和彩绘玻璃窗)陶砖饰板与墙体窗户的上方，点缀着彩色玻璃花窗。右侧陈列的一组杯具与烟斗，让人联想到当时咖啡与烟草的消费，一旁配有盛放多类饮品的容器。背景处则摆放着净手用的执壶与托盘。Drawing inspiration from preserved decorations, such as those in Istanbul's Topkapi Palace, we have here reereated a 17th-century palace room, with both original works (tiles,carpet, objects in showcases),and printed decorations(windows and stained-glass windows)Panels of ceramic tiles and architectural openings are crowned by stained glass windows. To the right,a set of cups and pipes evoke the consumption of coffee and tobacco, accompanied by containers for various beverages. In the background are ewers and basins for washing hands. [1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4,1-5,1-6,1-7，1-8]砖(两件)拱肩对板(五件)饰板(三组)土耳其，约1570一1620年釉陶 部分展品为卢浮宫博物馆藏品;部分属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆.现长期寄存于卢浮宫 [1-1，1-2,1-3,1-4，1-5,1-6,1-7，1-8Tiles, spandrels and panelsTurkey,ca 1570-1620Glazed ceramicMusee du Louvre and [3]执壶土耳其，19世纪铜鎏金[3]EwerTurkey, 19th c.Gilt copper [3]地毯土耳其，17世纪羊毛、兽毛属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆[3]CarpetTurkey, 17th c.Wool, hairMusee du Louvre,on deposit fromthe Musee des Arts decoratifs, Paris [5]坦卡德杯土耳其或威尼斯，14801550年皮革、木、油彩、金、珍珠母粉[5]TankardTurkey or Venice,1480-1550Leather, wood,colours,gold,mother-of-pearlpowder [1, 2]抽烟草、喝咖啡所用的一组器物土耳其，约1880年陶瓷、金或银[1, 2]Tobacco and coffeesetTurkey, ca 1880Ceramic, gold or silver [2]铭米赫丽玛苏丹公主(1812-1838年)名号的执壶与托盘土耳其，19世纪铜鎏金[2]Ewer and basin in the name of Princess MihrimahSultan (1812-1838)Turkey,19th c.Gilt copper [4]坦卡德杯土耳其，17世纪铜鎏金、铁[4]TankardTurkey, 17th c.Gilt copper,iron 伊斯坦布尔的宫廷生活Istanbul court life我们借鉴了伊斯坦布尔托普卡帕宫等建筑中遗留的装饰元素，在此复原了一间17世纪的宫延厅堂，陈设包含原始文物(陶砖、地毯、展柜中的器物)与场景复原装饰(窗户和彩绘玻璃窗)陶砖饰板与墙体窗户的上方，点缀着彩色玻璃花窗。右侧陈列的一组杯具与烟斗，让人联想到当时咖啡与烟草的消费，一旁配有盛放多类饮品的容器。背景处则摆放着净手用的执壶与托盘。Drawing inspiration from preserved decorations, such as those in Istanbul's Topkapi Palace, we have here reereated a 17th-century palace room, with both original works (tiles,carpet, objects in showcases),and printed decorations(windows and stained-glass windows)Panels of ceramic tiles and architectural openings are crowned by stained glass windows. To the right,a set of cups and pipes evoke the consumption of coffee and tobacco, accompanied by containers for various beverages. In the background are ewers and basins for washing hands. [1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4,1-5,1-6,1-7,1-8]砖(两件)拱肩对板(五件)饰板(三组)土耳其，约1570-1620年釉陶部分展品为卢浮宫博物馆藏品;部分属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆,现长期寄存于卢浮宫[1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4，1-5，1-6, 1-7，1-8Tiles, spandrels and panelsTurkey,ca 1570-1620Glazed ceramicMusee du Louvre and Musee des Arts decoratifs (deposit) [3]地毯土耳其，17世纪羊毛、兽毛属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆[3]CarpetTurkey, 17th c.Wool, hairMusee du Louvre,on deposit fromthe Musee des Arts decoratifs, Paris [3]执壶土耳其，19世纪铜鎏金[3]EwerTurkey, 19th c.Gilt copper 坦卡德杯土耳其，17世纪铜鎏金、铁4TankardTurkey,17th c.Gilt copper,iron 伊兹尼克与中国Iznik and China奥斯曼陶工从中国纹样构图中汲取灵感，如花卉缠枝纹、三串葡萄纹与莲束纹，同时也在盘缘点缀波浪纹、卷曲蔓草纹、玫瑰花结及莲瓣纹等陪衬纹饰。Ottoman potters were inspired by Chinese compositions such as the spiral scroll of flowers, the three bunches of grapes, and the lotus bouquet. They also used secondary motifs such as waves, undulating scrolls, rosettes, and lotus petals, on the edges of the dishes. [1]盘土耳其，约1580一1590年釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆[1]DishTurkey,ca 1580-90Glazed ceramicMusee du Louvre, on deposit from the Musee des Arts decoratifs, Paris [2]带盖容器土耳其，约1585年釉陶[2]Lidded recipientTurkey, ca 1585Glazed ceramic [3]葡萄串纹盘土耳其，约1530一1535年釉陶[3]Dish with bunches of grapesTurkey,ca 1530-35Glazed ceramic 盘土耳其，约1530一1550年釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮官博物馆[4]DishTurkey,ca 1530-50Glazed ceramicMusee du Louvre, on deposit from the Musee des Arts decoratifs, Paris [5]瓶土耳其，约1585一1600年釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆[5]BottleTurkey,ca 1585-1600Glazed ceramicMusee du Louvre, on deposit from the Musee des Arts decoratifs, Paris [6]盘土耳其，约1570一1580年釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆[6]DishTurkey,ca 1570-80Glazed ceramicMusee du Louvre,on deposit fromthe Muste des Arts decoratifs. Paris 中式纹饰盆土耳其，约1480年釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆此盆内部以钻蓝底留白装饰，器壁装饰效仿元代(1271一1368年)青花瓷。其风格化的植物纹与中式花卉纹融为一体。 碗土耳其，约1510年釉陶BowlTurkey, ca1510Glazed ceramic [1]盘土耳其，约1530一1540年釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆[1]DishTurkey,ca 1530-40Glazed ceramicMusee du Louvre,on deposit from the Musee des Arts decoratifs. Paris [2]柏树纹瓶土耳其，约1520一1525年釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆[2]Vase with cypressesTurkey,ca 1520-25Glazed ceramicMusee du Louvre,on deposit from the Musee des Arts decoratifs. Paris [3]盘土耳其，约1540一1555年釉陶[3]DishTurkey,ca 1540-55Glazed ceramic [4]瓶土耳其，约1535一1545年釉陶、银属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆.现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆[4]BottleTurkey,ca 1535-45Glazed ceramic, silverMusee du Louvre,on deposit from the Musee des Arts decoratifs. Paris [5]盘土耳其，约1545年釉陶[5]DishTurkey, ca 1545Glazed ceramic [6]坦卡德杯土耳其，1560一1575年釉陶[6]TankardTurkey,1560-75Glazed ceramic [7]盘土耳其，1550一1600年釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆[7]DishTurkey,1550-1600Glazed ceramicMusee du Louvre, on deposit from the Musee des Arts decoratifs, Paris 伊兹尼克与中国Iznik and China早期伊兹尼克陶瓷的色彩搭配受到中国青花瓷的直接影响。许多纹样的构图中，也可见风格化的中国元素。The palette of early Iznik ceramics was directly inspired by Chinese blue and white porcelain. Stylised Chinese motifs can also be found in many compositions. [1]阿拉伯蔓藤花纹与中式云纹砖土耳其，约1525年釉陶[1]Tile with arabesques and Chinese style cloudsTurkey,ca 1525Glazed ceramic [3]中式云纹砖(两件)土耳其，约1575年釉陶部分展品为卢浮宫博物馆藏品;部分属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫[3]Tiles with Chinese style cloudsTurkey, ca 1575Glazed ceramicMusee du Louvre and Musee des Arts decoratifs (deposit) [4]梅枝、郁金香、康乃馨与云纹砖土耳其，约1540一1545年釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆[4]Tile with prunus as branches, tulips, carnations and cloudsTurkey,ca 1540-45Glazed ceramicMusee du Louvre, on deposit from the Musee des Arts decoratifs, Paris 帝国与中国的互动奥斯曼帝国地处地中海与印度洋之间，是横跨欧、亚、非三大洲的陆海强国。凭借其特殊的地理位置，该国成为不同地区、各类文化的连接枢纽，这种地缘关联也促进了文艺交流。特别是来自中国与欧洲的消费品，在奥斯曼帝国广泛流通，成为传播观念的载体。其中，中国瓷器(特别是青瓷)备受追捧，售价高昂。伊兹尼克的工匠们从中汲取了许多灵感，或仿效式样，或加以演绎。Interactions with ChinaSituated between the Mediterranean and the Indian Ocean, the Ottoman Empire was a land and sea power that was at once European, Asian, and African. By its very location, the Ottoman world was connected to different cultural areas, a position that generated artistic and cultural interactions. In particular, the circulation of consumer goods from China and Europe was a vector for the dissemination of ideas. Chinese porcelain and celadon were in great demand and sold at very high prices. Iznik ceramists also drew many ideas from them, imitating or interpreting the models. 色彩与年代鉴定整个16世纪，伊兹尼克陶瓷的纹样题材与色彩搭配不断丰富，但此后由盛转衰。尽管可明确纪年的实物稀少，但艺术史学者通过辨识工艺风格所属的特定阶段以及新器型的出现，已构建起相对连贯的年代序列。1480年至1520年间，工匠们受中国艺术品启发，主要用钴蓝创制了风格化的植物纹饰构图。此后，以氧化铜为呈色剂的绿松石蓝开始流行。16世纪中期，陶瓷制品的色彩进一步丰富，加入了几种绿色以及以氧化锰发色的淡紫。16世纪的最后25年间里，以氧化铁发色的鲜红、以氧化铜发色的祖母绿色，也相继出现。Colours and datingThroughout the 16th century, Iznik ceramics diversified their repertoire and enriched their palette before entering a period of decline. Although very few pieces have been dated, art historians have succeeded in determining a relative chronology based on the identification of distinct stylistic phases and the appearance of new forms. Between 1480 and 1520the dominant cobalt blue was used to create stylised plant compositions inspired by Chinese art. This was followed by the turquoise blue obtained from copper oxide. In the mid-16th century,ceramics were enriched with several hues of green as well as mauves derived from manganese oxide. The last quarter of the 16th century saw the emergence of a bright red produced using iron oxide, as well as an emerald green derived from copper oxide. 珊瑚红底高足碗土耳其，约1560一1575年釉陶Footed bowl with coral backgroundTurkey,ca 1560-75Glazed ceramic 图案的奇迹早期奥斯曼陶瓷的装饰融合了几何纹样与叶片纹、花卉纹，其中花卉纹借鉴了中国瓷器上的莲花、牡丹等元素。自16世纪30年代起，随着锯齿状长叶纹的流行，纹饰更显繁复生动，色彩搭配也日趋多样。构图中还引入郁金香、康乃馨、玫瑰等清晰可辨的花卉品种。16世纪最后30年间，纹样体系进一步扩展，涵盖鳞状底纹上的抽象构图、动物场景、舟船图样，标志着艺术鼎盛期的到来。展柜中央的孔雀纹盘，堪称伊兹尼克陶瓷工艺设计的集大成者。在繁杂的植物构图中，一只徘徊的孔雀，仿佛迷失于奇幻的特大花园。层叠的植物纹饰营造出立体感。The Wonder of PatternsEarly Ottoman ceramics featured decorations that combined leaveswith geometric shapes and floral elements inspired by the lotuses andpeonies found in Chinese porcelain.Starting in the 153os, the colour palette expanded as exuberant,dynamic designs featuring elongated, serrated leaves became popular.Recognisable flowers (such as tulips, carnations, and roses) were alsointroduced into compositions.During the last three decades of the 16th century, the repertoirediversified to include abstract compositions on scaly backgrounds, animalscenes, and boats. This was a period of great artistic flourishingAt the centre of the showcase,the dish with peacock shows the virtuosity of Iznik ceramicists and designers. In a complex vegetal composition, an errant peacock is lost in a fantastic garden of extraordinaryproportions. The superimposition of vegetal forms creates a three-dimensional effect. （1）陶砖(两件)土耳其约1560-1600年釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆TilesTurkey,ca 1560-1600Glazed ceramic (2)盘土耳其、约1570一1580年釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆, 现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆DishTurkey.ca 1570-80Glazed ceramic （3）盘土耳其，约1600一1610年釉陶DishTurkey,ca 1600-10Glazed ceramic （4）陶砖土耳其，约1560一1600年釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆TileTurkey,ca 1560-1600Glazed ceramic （5）坦卡德杯土耳其，约1575-1580年釉陶TankardTurkey,ca 1575-80Glazed ceramic [6]船纹水罐土耳其，约1570一1585年釉陶Jug with boatsTurkey,ca 1570-85Glazed ceramic （7）坦卡德杯土耳其，约1570一1580年釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆TankardTurkey,ca1570-80Glazed ceramic （8）孔雀纹盘土耳其、约1540一1555年釉陶Dish with peacockTurkey,ca1540-55Glazed ceramic （9）盘土耳其，约1545一1555年釉陶DishTorkey,ca1545-55Glazed ceramic （10）盘土耳其，约1575一1585年釉陶属巴黎裴饰艺术博物馆,现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆DishTurkey,ca1575-85Glazed ceramic （11）盘土耳其，约1585年釉陶DishTurkey,ca1585Glared ceramic [12]执壶纹托盘土耳其，约1875一1880年釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆Dish with ewer patternTurkey,ca1875-80Glazed ceramic [13]陶砖土耳其，约1580年釉陶TileTurkey,ca 1580Glazed ceramic [14]盘土耳其，约1585年釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆DishTurkey,ca 1585Glazed ceramic (15）水罐土耳其，约1540一1545年釉陶JugTurkey,ca1540-45Glazed ceramic [16]石榴纹水罐土耳其、约1580年釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆,现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆Jug with pomegranate patternTurkey,ca 1580Glazed ceramic [17]坦卡德杯土耳其约1570-1585年釉陶属巴整装饰艺术持物馆,现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆TankardTurkey.ca 1570-85Glazed ceramic 从大马士革到开罗奥斯曼帝国各省重要城市里的纪念性建筑，其装饰风格兼具浓厚的地方传统与反映奥斯曼帝国审美的新趋势。相较于伊兹尼克作坊的产品，大马士革所制的陶砖饰板在构图对称度与整体规整性上均略逊一筹，其用色以绿松石蓝、铬绿和茄褐为主。这些陶砖有时也销往埃及，与来自其他产地的陶砖组合使用。埃及在建筑装饰领域颇为守旧，对马穆鲁克时期的装饰传统几乎未加改动。传统木制花格高窗与带有几何纹样的木门便是明证。而出口到埃及的伊兹尼克陶砖，被用于民居内饰与公共建筑之中，这也进一步推广了奥斯曼艺术中典型的花草图案风格。From Damascus to CairoDecoration on monuments built in maior provincial cities mixes a strong local heritage with new trends that reflect Ottoman taste. Tile panels produced in Damascus show less symmetrical composition and less regularity than their Iznik counterparts. The palette consists of turquoise blue, chrome green, and aubergine brown. Damascus tiles were also at times exported to Egypt and were combined there with tiles coming from other production centres. Egypt remained fairly conservative in the field of architectural decoration, and the ornamental tradition of the Mamluk period survived almost unchanged. Traditional elements such as wooden clerestories (mashrabiyya) and doors with geometric designs are part of this heritage. Imported Iznik tiles into Egypt were used in domestic interiors and public buildings and contributed to the spread of the floral and vegetal taste typical of Ottoman art. 这是卢浮宫展方为本次展会搭建的又一处半封闭展厅，有一面玻璃墙可拍照。 窗屏埃及，16-19世纪木属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫Window screenEgypt,16th-19thWoodMusee duLouvre.on deposit from the Musee des Arts decoratifs. Paris [1]护窗板、窗屏(三件)、门扇埃及，16-19世纪木、骨、象牙部分展品为卢浮宫博物馆藏品;部分属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫[1]Shutters, window screens and door leavesEgypt,16th-19thWood,bone,ivoryMusee du Louvre and Musee des Arts decoratifs(deposit) [2]陶砖饰板 (三组)叙利亚，约1570一1620年釉陶部分展品为卢浮宫博物馆藏品;部分属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫[2]Tile panelsSyria,ca 1570-1620Glazed ceramicMusee du Louvre and Musee des Arts decoratifs (deposit) [3]陶砖饰板(两组)土耳其，约1660年釉部分展品为卢浮宫博物馆藏品;部分属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫[3]Tile panelsTurkey,ca 1660Glazed ceramicMusee du Louvre and Musee des Arts decoratifs (deposit) [4]匣土耳其，18世纪木、骨、龟壳、金、珍珠母、象牙、镀金纸[4]CasketTurkey,18th cWood,bone,tortoiseshell,gold,mother-of-pearl,ivory，gilded paper [5]匣埃及或土耳其，18世纪木、象牙、金属[5]CasketEgypt or Turkey,18th c.Wood,ivory, metal [6]书架、桌波斯尼亚，埃及，19世纪木、象牙、金、银部分展品为卢浮宫博物馆藏品;部分属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫[6]Book stand and tableBosnia;Egypt,19th c.Wood,ivory, gold, silverMusee du Louvre and Musee des Arts decoratifs (deposit) [7]地毯埃及，17世纪羊毛、兽毛属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆，现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆[7]CarpetEgypt,17th c.Wool,hairMusee du Louvre,on deposit from the Musee des Arts decoratifs, Paris [8]碗、盘、瓶叙利亚，16一17世纪釉陶属巴黎装饰艺术博物馆,现长期寄存于卢浮宫博物馆[8]bowl,Dish,vaseSyria,16th-17th c.Glazed ceramicMusee du Louvre,on deposit from the Musee des Arts decoratifs, Paris 本次展览由卢浮宫博物馆与浦东美术馆联合主办，上海陆家嘴(集团)有限公司出品，巴黎装饰艺术博物馆特别参与。卢浮宫博物馆伊斯兰艺术部副主任、展览策展人：朱迪思·赫农-雷诺馆长：劳伦斯.德·卡尔总务长：金·范副总务长：弗朗西斯·施泰因博克馆长办公厅主任：马蒂亚斯.格罗利耶欧洲及国际事务顾问：波利娜·博内·德.帕耶雷伊斯兰艺术部主任：苏拉亚·努贾伊姆副主任兼本次展览策展人：朱迪思·赫农-雷诺副策展人：夏洛特·莫里藏品登录员：利奥·谢博尼耶、蒂菲娜·德文献与档案专员；莫尼克·比雷西、玛丽-若泽展览与出版部主任：阿利娜·弗朗索瓦-科朗副主任：安娜·贝尔 感谢主办方及所有参与工作人员的辛勤付出，让我们享受了一次来自几百年前波斯、伊斯兰艺术珍品的视觉盛宴。策展人特别用心，将三个展厅布置得很有地域特色和年代感。除了大展厅将文物按照思路分类摆放外，还特地布置了小展厅，使展品有了具象的表达。