<p class="ql-block">原文：</p><p class="ql-block">美不美，乡中水；亲不亲，故乡人。莺花犹怕春光老，岂可教人枉度春？相逢不饮空归去，洞口桃花也笑人。红粉佳人休使老，风流浪子莫教贫。</p><p class="ql-block">Original:</p><p class="ql-block">Beautiful or not, water in the countryside; Whether you are close or not, you are from the same hometown. The oriole and the flowers still fear the aging of spring; how can one teach people to waste their time in vain?When we meet, we return empty-handed, and the peach blossoms at the cave entrance are also laughing. The beauty in red should not grow old, and the wandering child should not be impoverished</p> <p class="ql-block">注释：</p><p class="ql-block">“美不美乡中水，亲不亲故乡人”这一句中国民间俗语，讲的意思是：无论家乡的水是否真的甘甜，人们总会觉得它最美；无论故乡的人是否真的亲近，人们总会感到格外亲切。这实际是强调人对故乡的天然情感。即使他乡的水更清甜，游子仍会怀念家乡的水，因为其中承载着乡愁和记忆。“亲不亲故乡人”，指同乡人之间即使素不相识，也会因“故乡”这一纽带产生亲近感。中国人重视乡情，在外遇到同乡常会倍感亲切，甚至互相照应。其实这是一种乡情与归属感，表达人对故乡的深厚情感，无论客观条件如何，心理上总对故乡有特殊依恋。也反映了中国传统文化中“安土重迁”“落叶归根”的思想，强调血缘、地缘的纽带作用。我们常说“月是故乡明”、“老乡见老乡，两眼泪汪汪”这些俗语常用于表达游子思乡或同乡相遇的场景，体现中国人对故乡的朴素情感。</p><p class="ql-block">Note:</p><p class="ql-block"> "Whether the water in the hometown is beautiful or not, whether you are close to the people in your hometown" means that: No matter whether the water in your hometown is really sweet or not, people will always think it is the most beautiful; Whether the people in their hometown are really close or not, people will always feel extra cordial. This actually emphasizes people's natural feelings for their hometown. Even if the water in a foreign land is sweeter, the wanderer will still miss the water of his hometown because it carries nostalgia and memory "Kiss or not" means that even if fellow villagers do not know each other, they will have a sense of closeness due to the bond of "hometown". Chinese people attach great importance to their hometown and often feel cordial and even take care of each other when they meet fellow villagers abroad. In fact, this is a kind of nostalgia and sense of belonging, expressing people's deep feelings for their hometown, no matter what the objective conditions are, they always have a special psychological attachment to their hometown. It also reflects the ideas of "relocating the land" and "returning to the roots" in traditional Chinese culture, emphasizing the role of blood and geography. We often say that "the moon is the bright hometown" and "the fellow sees the fellow villagers, and the eyes are full of tears" are often used to express the scene of wanderers missing their hometown or meeting fellow villagers, reflecting the simple feelings of Chinese people for their hometown</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block">莺花犹怕春光老，岂可教人枉度春”字面上很好理解，意为黄莺和鲜花尚且担忧春光逝去，人更不应虚度青春时光。这里通过自然意象（莺、花）与春光的对比，强调生命短暂、光阴易逝的哲理。人作为万物之灵，更应珍惜年华，避免徒然浪费。古人以“春光”喻指人生黄金阶段，提醒人们把握当下，积极进取，莫待年老空悔恨。诗中“枉度春”的“枉”即“徒然、白白地”，与后文“枯木逢春犹再发，人无两度再少年”呼应，进一步阐明青春不可复得的道理。珍惜时光是每个人都应该具备的品质。时间对于每个人来说都是公平的。莫负青春是每个人都应该追求的目标。青春是人生最美好的时光，充满了活力和希望。然而，青春也是短暂的，一旦失去便无法挽回。因此，我们应该在青春时期努力奋斗，追求自己的梦想和目标。只有这样，我们才能在未来回首往事时，无愧于自己的青春。</p><p class="ql-block">The warbler is still afraid of the old spring, how can it teach people to spend the spring in vain" literally is very easy to understand, which means that the yellow warbler and the flowers are still worried about the passing of spring, and people should not waste their youth. Here, through the contrast between natural imagery (warblers and flowers) and spring light, the philosophy of short life and fleeting time is emphasized. As the spirit of all things, people should cherish the years and avoid waste in vain. The ancients used "spring light" as a metaphor to refer to the golden stage of life, reminding people to grasp the present, be proactive and enterprising, and not wait for old age to regret it. The "vain" of "wasted spring" in the poem is "in vain, in vain", which echoes the later sentence "dead wood still sends again in spring, and people are not young twice", further clarifying the truth that youth cannot be regained. Cherishing time is a quality that everyone should have. Time is fair for everyone. Don't live up to youth is the goal that everyone should pursue. Youth is the best time in life, full of vitality and hope. However, youth is also short-lived, and once lost, it cannot be recovered. Therefore, we should work hard in our youth to pursue our dreams and goals. Only in this way can we look back on the past in the future and be worthy of our youth</p> <p class="ql-block">相逢不饮空归去，书中以拟人化的手法描绘了友人相聚未饮酒的遗憾，反映了古代酒文化中“以酒助兴”的社交礼仪。“洞口桃花也笑人”连洞口边光照不足、开得柔弱的桃花也会嘲笑人情淡薄。此处“洞口桃花”因生长环境特殊，本无资格笑人，诗人却以此夸张手法强化未饮酒的遗憾。酒在古代是情谊的载体，如白居易“晚来天欲雪，能饮一杯无”所示，不饮酒被视为对相聚机会的浪费。桃花被赋予人格化情感，既暗含春光易逝的感慨，也以“笑”反衬人情疏漏的怅然。惜世间多少人相逢都不意相迎合，又知而不饮，空付红颜青春，持物而旷心，乃悲凄也。</p><p class="ql-block">The book depicts the regret of friends getting together without drinking in an anthropomorphic way, reflecting the social etiquette of "drinking to cheer up" in ancient wine culture. "The peach blossoms at the entrance of the cave also laugh at people" Even the peach blossoms at the entrance of the cave that are not well lit and bloom weakly will laugh at the weakness of human feelings. The "peach blossoms at the entrance of the cave" here are not qualified to laugh at people due to the special growth environment, but the poet uses this exaggerated technique to strengthen the regret of not drinking. Wine was a carrier of friendship in ancient times, as Bai Juyi showed that "it snows in the evening, and you can drink a glass of nothing", and not drinking alcohol was seen as a waste of the opportunity to get together. Peach blossoms are endowed with personalized emotions, which not only imply the emotion of fleeting spring, but also use "laughter" to contrast the melancholy of human feelings. It's a pity that how many people in the world meet without expecting to cater to each other, and they know that they don't drink, and they give their youth to the beauty of the world, holding things and opening their minds, which is sad</p> <p class="ql-block">“红粉佳人休使老，风流浪子莫教贫”是被清代张潮《幽梦影》引用而广为人知的。其核心寓意是告诉人们要对美好事物珍视。红粉佳人指年轻貌美的女子，青春易逝，容颜难驻，故“休使老”表达对青春永恒的期盼。风流浪子多指才情洒脱、生活恣意的才子，若陷入贫困则难保风流姿态，故“莫教贫”暗含对物质基础与精神自由平衡的重视。两者共同点在于强调巅峰状态的短暂性，提醒人们珍惜当下，活好当下。张潮在《幽梦影》中指出，人在得意时（如佳人恃美、浪子恃才）往往听不进逆耳忠告，因心理状态与现实脱节。岁月与贫富是不可控的，警示我们即需防患于未然，避免沉溺短暂享乐，也须正确面对现实珍惜当下，享乐当下，此句以对比手法揭示人生两大悲剧——红颜易老、富贵难长，至今仍具现实意义，似乎笔者就是沦于这样的境地，恃才傲物却孓然当世。</p> <p class="ql-block">"The pink beauty should not grow old, and the wandering son should not teach the poor" was widely known as quoted by Zhang Chao's "Shadow of Dreams" in the Qing Dynasty. Its core meaning is to tell people to cherish beautiful things Pink beauty refers to a young and beautiful woman, youth is fleeting, and her face is difficult to stop, so "don't make old" expresses the eternal expectation of youth The wanderer mostly refers to the talent who is free and easy and lives freely, and if he falls into poverty, it is difficult to maintain his romantic posture, so "don't teach poverty" implies the importance of the balance between material foundation and spiritual freedom. What the two have in common is to emphasize the transience of the peak state, reminding people to cherish the present and live well. Zhang Chao pointed out in "Dream Shadow" that when people are proud (such as beauty and prodigal son), they often cannot listen to unpleasant advice, because their psychological state is out of touch with reality. Time and wealth are uncontrollable, warning us that we need to prevent problems before they happen, avoid indulging in short-term pleasures, and we must also face reality correctly and cherish the present, enjoy the present, this sentence reveals the two major tragedies of life with contrasting techniques - the red face is easy to grow old, the wealth is difficult to grow, and it is still of practical significance, it seems that the author is in such a situation, relying on talent and arrogance but alone in the world, this is actually ridiculed</p>