<p class="ql-block">原文：</p><p class="ql-block">钱财如粪土，仁义值千金。</p><p class="ql-block">流水下滩非有意，白云出岫本无心。</p><p class="ql-block">当时若不登高望，谁信东流海洋深？</p><p class="ql-block">路遥知马力，日久见人心。</p> <p class="ql-block">注释：</p><p class="ql-block">这是一句中国古训，从字面上不难理解，说金钱财富如同粪土一般低贱，不值得过分追求或贪恋。强调物质财富的短暂和世俗性，不应成为人生的最高追求。仁义值千金，则是讲仁义道德（如诚信、善良、正直等）的价值远胜于金钱，是真正值得珍视的无价之宝。这是一种批判唯利是图的行为，倡导以道德和情义为重的价值观。提醒人们不要为金钱迷失本性，而应注重精神修养和人际关系的真诚。</p><p class="ql-block">This is an ancient Chinese adage, which is not difficult to understand literally, saying that money and wealth are as low as dung and are not worth excessive pursuit or greed. Emphasizing the transience and worldliness of material wealth should not be the highest pursuit in life Benevolence and righteousness are worth a thousand gold, which means that the value of benevolence and morality (such as integrity, kindness, integrity, etc.) is far better than money, and it is truly a priceless treasure worth cherishing. This is a critique of mercenary behavior and advocates values that prioritize morality and affection. Remind people not to lose their nature for money, but to focus on spiritual cultivation and sincerity in relationships</p> <p class="ql-block">我们的古人讲“君子爱财，取之有道”、“富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移”等，大概皆类于此。这句话至今仍有现实意义，尤其在当下物质主义盛行的时代，强调道德与精神追求的重要性就显得尤为重要。</p><p class="ql-block">Our ancients said that "a gentleman loves money and takes it well", "wealth cannot be lustful, poverty cannot be moved", etc., which are probably all similar to this. This sentence still has practical significance, especially in the current era of materialism, and it is particularly important to emphasize the importance of moral and spiritual pursuits</p><p class="ql-block">美国亿万富翁查克·费尼（Chuck Feeney）以匿名方式将全部资产（约326亿美元）捐赠给慈善机构，生活极度节俭：租房居住、乘坐公共交通工具、使用廉价塑料手表和塑料袋公文包。他坚持“在有生之年捐光财富”的理念，认为金钱应服务于社会而非个人享受。这种视金钱如粪土的做法，实在是难得可贵！</p><p class="ql-block">American billionaire Chuck Feeney anonymously donated all his assets (about $32.6 billion) to charity and lived extremely frugally: renting a house, taking public transport, using cheap plastic watches and plastic bag briefcases. He adheres to the concept of "giving away all his wealth in his lifetime", believing that money should serve society rather than personal enjoyment. This kind of practice of treating money like dung is really rare</p> <p class="ql-block">我国明代医药学家李时珍耗时27年编撰《本草纲目》，期间多次拒绝高官厚禄的诱惑，甘愿清贫深入山林考察药材。他将对医学的责任感置于金钱之上，最终成就惠及后世的医学巨著，其不也是视金钱如粪土，尊学术为毕生理想而被世人所敬仰么？古代中国不乏其人，如三国的关羽，以忠义抉择为保护刘备家眷暂投曹操，面对曹操赐予的高官厚禄和金银珠宝，他始终坚守与刘备的兄弟情义，最终“过五关斩六将”千里寻兄，成为“忠义”的千古象征。这些案例从不同角度诠释了“钱财如粪土”的精神：或通过慈善回馈社会，或为理想舍弃物质利益，或以情义超越金钱价值。</p><p class="ql-block">Li Shizhen, a medical scientist in our country's Ming Dynasty, spent 27 years compiling the "Compendium of Materia Medica", during which he repeatedly rejected the temptation of high-ranking officials and was willing to go deep into the mountains and forests to investigate medicinal materials. He put his sense of responsibility for medicine above money, and finally achieved a medical masterpiece that benefited future generations. In the face of the high-ranking officials and gold, silver and jewelry bestowed by Cao Cao, he always adhered to the brotherhood with Liu Bei, and finally "passed through five passes and killed six generals" to find his brother thousands of miles away, becoming an eternal symbol of "loyalty and righteousness". These cases interpret the spirit of "money is like dung" from different perspectives: either giving back to the society through charity, or giving up material interests for ideals, or surpassing the value of money with affection</p> <p class="ql-block">讲完了钱财如粪土，就讲讲仁义值干金，这句话强调了道德价值远高于物质财富，主张以仁爱、正义作为处世准则。其表述源自《增广贤文》和《醒世恒言》，通过对比“钱财如粪土”凸显仁义的重要性。其核心思想是否定物质至上观念，倡导重义轻财的价值观。在古代社会，仁义被视为人格尊严和社会和谐的基石，其价值超越金银财富。自2022年起，本谚语频繁出现在道德教育试题中，作为评判正确道德行为的标准答案，进一步巩固其在社会道德观念中的经典地位。</p><p class="ql-block">This sentence emphasizes that moral value is much higher than material wealth, and advocates benevolence and justice as the standard of life. Its expression comes from "Zengguang Xianwen" and "Xingshi Hengyan", highlighting the importance of benevolence and righteousness through the comparison of "money is like dung". Its core idea is to deny the concept of material supremacy and advocate the values of valuing righteousness over wealth. In ancient societies, benevolence and righteousness were regarded as the cornerstone of personal dignity and social harmony, and their value surpassed gold and silver wealth. Since 2022, this proverb has frequently appeared in moral education test questions as a standard answer to judge correct moral behavior, further consolidating its classic status in social moral concepts</p> <p class="ql-block">“流水下滩非有意，白云出岫本无心”以自然现象为喻，阐述事物发展的自然规律与道家思想的核心内涵。水流向河滩流动并非刻意为之，而是受地势与重力作用的自然结果。云从山间飘出也非有意，而是因气象变化形成的自然现象，这里强调事物发展多由内在规律驱动，非人力强求可改，如苏轼词中“云出无心，鸟倦知还”的意境。充分体现道家“无为”思想，主张减少人为干预，顺应自然本性。提醒人们面对变化时保持平和心态，避免过度执着于结果。</p><p class="ql-block">"The flowing water goes down to the beach is not intentional, and the white clouds come out of the mountains without intention" uses natural phenomena as a metaphor to explain the natural laws of the development of things and the core connotation of Taoist thought The flow of water to the river beach is not deliberate, but a natural result of the action of terrain and gravity. The clouds floating out of the mountains are not intentional, but a natural phenomenon formed by meteorological changes, which emphasizes that the development of things is mostly driven by internal laws, and can be changed by non-human force, such as the artistic conception of "clouds out of the clouds without intention, birds are tired and know to return" in Su Shi's words. It fully embodies the Taoist idea of "non-action", advocates reducing human intervention and conforming to natural nature. Remind people to maintain a peaceful mind in the face of change and avoid being overly obsessed with results</p> <p class="ql-block">当时若不登高望，谁信东流海洋深？这句诗通过自然景象揭示深刻的哲理，前句"流水下滩非有意，白云出岫本无心"表明水流向滩、云出山涧都是自然现象，非人力刻意为之。后句"登高望"与"东流海洋深"形成对比，强调只有通过实践观察（登高）才能认知事物本质（海洋之深）。这与"纸上得来终觉浅"的实践观一脉相承。此句暗喻了局限的视角会遮蔽真相，只有突破认知高度（登高），才能把握事物发展的全貌（东流至海）。这种"以小见大"的思维模式对个人成长具有指导意义。这既表达对自然规律的敬畏，也传递出"知行合一"的智慧——真知需通过实践与超越性观察获得。</p><p class="ql-block">If I had not climbed high back then to gaze up, who would have believed that the ocean flowing eastward would be deep? The first sentence "The flowing water goes down to the beach is not intentional, and the white clouds come out of the mountain mountain are unintentional" indicating that the water flowing to the beach and the clouds out of the mountain stream are natural phenomena, and they are not deliberately done by manpower. The second sentence "climbing high and looking high" contrasts with "the depth of the ocean flowing eastward", emphasizing that only through practical observation (climbing) can we recognize the essence of things (the depth of the ocean). This is in line with the practical view of "what is obtained on paper is ultimately shallow". This sentence alludes to the fact that a limited perspective will obscure the truth, and only by breaking through the height of cognition (climbing) can we grasp the full picture of the development of things (flowing east to the sea). This "small to big" thinking mode is of guiding significance for personal growth. This not only expresses the awe of the laws of nature, but also conveys the wisdom of "the unity of knowledge and action" - true knowledge needs to be obtained through practice and transcendent observation</p> <p class="ql-block">路遥知马力，日久见人心。这句话既有对耐心的劝诫，也是对人性复杂性的深刻洞察，强调唯有时间能揭示真相。该成语最早见于元代无名氏《争报恩》第一折：“则愿得姐姐长命富贵……可不道路遥知马力，日久见人心。”1其中“见”读作“xiàn”，意为“显露”。字面意思是：路途遥远才能检验马的耐力，时间长久才能看清人心的善恶。</p><p class="ql-block">The road knows the horsepower, and over time, it will see the hearts of the people. This sentence is both an admonition to patience and a profound insight into the complexities of human nature, emphasizing that only time can reveal the truth. The idiom was first seen in the first fold of the Yuan Dynasty's anonymous "Fighting for Kindness": "Then I wish my sister to live a long life and be rich...... But you don't know the horsepower from afar, and you can see people's hearts over time. 1 Among them, "see" is pronounced as "xiàn", which means "revealed". Literally: A long journey can test the endurance of a horse, and a long time can see the good and evil of people's hearts</p><p class="ql-block">传说宋朝时，富绅路遥救助了穷书生马力，二人结为兄弟。马力考中后路遥家道中落，投奔马力却遭冷遇，愤而离去。马力得知后派家丁“日久”追赶解释，最终接回路遥一家，这是中国民间故事的一种版本。另一版本是马力为试探路遥是否贪图其妻，故意让路遥“代入洞房”，后见路遥守德，方知人心。还有元代徐家老仆阿寄在明代《醒世恒言》的记载，徐家老仆阿寄经商振兴主家，印证“日久见人心”的忠诚。</p><p class="ql-block">Legend has it that during the Song Dynasty, the rich gentleman Lu Yao rescued the poor scholar Ma Li, and the two became brothers. Malik passed the exam and fell in the middle of the road, but he was treated coldly and left angrily. After learning about it, Ma Li sent his servants to chase after and explain, and finally took over the Yao family, which is a version of Chinese folk tales. Another version is that in order to test whether Lu Yao coveted his wife, he deliberately let Lu Yao "enter the bridal chamber", and then saw Lu Yao keeping morality and knowing people's hearts. There is also a record of the old servant of the Xu family in the Yuan Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty's "Awakening Hengyan", and the old servant of the Xu family Ah Ji did business to revitalize the main family, confirming the loyalty of "seeing people's hearts over time</p> <p class="ql-block">在历史应用方面，毛泽东的《论持久战》，引用此语论证游击战争需长期坚持才能显现价值。明代《事林广记》中收录为俗语，强调“时间检验人心”的普世道理。在文化意义上，该成语通过“马力的耐力”与“人心的善恶”类比，成为中国传统文化中“时间检验真理”的典型表达，至今仍用于人际交往、政治论述等领域。</p><p class="ql-block">In terms of historical application, Mao Zedong's "On Protracted War" quotes this phrase to argue that guerrilla warfare needs to be persisted for a long time to show its value. It is included as a saying in the Ming Dynasty's "Shilin Guangji", emphasizing the universal truth that "time tests people's hearts". In a cultural sense, the idiom has become a typical expression of "time testing the truth" in traditional Chinese culture through the analogy of "horsepower endurance" and "good and evil of people's hearts", and is still used in interpersonal communication, political discourse and other fields</p>