<p class="ql-block">原文：</p><p class="ql-block">读书须用意，一字值千金。逢人且说三分话，未可全抛一片心。有意栽花花不发，无心插柳柳成荫。画虎画皮难画骨，知人知面不知心。</p><p class="ql-block">Original:</p><p class="ql-block">Reading requires intention, and a word is worth a thousand gold. When meeting people, one should talk about three points, but one should not completely abandon a piece of heart. I intentionally plant flowers that do not bloom, and I have no intention of planting willows to create shade. It is difficult to paint a tiger or a skin, but it is difficult to depict a person's face, but not a heart</p> <p class="ql-block">注释：</p><p class="ql-block">“读书须用意，一字值千金”从字面上解释其核心道理就是强调读书应专注、深入，重视每个字的含义和价值。"用意"指读书需全神贯注，不可浮光掠影。古人认为，真正的学问需反复咀嚼、思考，而非机械记忆。如我们茶宗始祖朱熹所言"读书如饮食，从容咀嚼其味乃长"。这是讲字字珍贵，用"一字值千金"比喻经典中的每个字都凝结着智慧。例如《论语》"学而时习之"的"习"字，既指温习，也含实践之意，一字多解，价值深远。这也是一种批判性思维，强调对文本的深度解读。如王阳明读《大学》时，对"格物致知"的重新诠释，正是通过精研字句而悟出新理。在信息爆炸时代，这句话提醒我们，警惕碎片化阅读，需系统研读经典，重视文本细节，避免断章取义培养"慢阅读"习惯，如钱钟书读书必做批注。这句话本质上倡导的是一种治学态度：以敬畏之心对待知识，通过精读实现"字字入心"的深度学习。</p><p class="ql-block">Note: "Reading must be intentional, a word is worth a thousand gold" literally explains its core principle is to emphasize that reading should be focused and in-depth, and pay attention to the meaning and value of each word. "Intention" means that reading requires full concentration and should not be glimpsed. The ancients believed that true learning requires repeated chewing and thinking, not mechanical memory. As Zhu Xi, the ancestor of our tea sect, said, "Reading is like eating, and chewing its taste is long." This is to say that every word is precious, and use the metaphor of "a word is worth a thousand gold" to condense wisdom in the classics. For example, the word "Xi" in the Analects refers to both review and practice. It is also a form of critical thinking that emphasizes the deep interpretation of the text. For example, when Wang Yangming read "University", the reinterpretation of "knowledge of things" was realized through the intensive study of words and sentences. In the era of information explosion, this sentence reminds us to be wary of fragmented reading, to systematically study the classics, pay attention to the details of the text, and avoid taking out of context to cultivate the habit of "slow reading", such as Qian Zhongshu's reading must be annotated. This sentence essentially advocates a learning attitude: treat knowledge with awe and achieve deep learning through intensive reading</p> <p class="ql-block">北宋范仲淹划粥断齑，以清苦之境砥砺心性，印证了“须用意”的写照。范仲淹幼年家贫，每日仅以稀粥果腹。他将粥划为四块，早晚各食两块，佐以腌菜，却坚持昼夜苦读。这种“划粥断齑”的清苦生活，非但没有消磨他的意志，反而淬炼出“先天下之忧而忧”的胸怀。范仲淹的案例表明，“用意”读书不仅是技巧，更是心性的修炼——在物质匮乏中保持精神丰盈，方能领悟知识的真谛。</p><p class="ql-block">Fan Zhongyan of the Northern Song Dynasty cut porridge and broke the porridge, sharpening his mind with a bitter situation, which confirmed the portrayal of "must be intentional". Fan Zhongyan was poor in his childhood and only ate thin porridge every day. He divided the porridge into four pieces, ate two pieces in the morning and evening, accompanied by pickles, but insisted on studying hard day and night. This kind of hard life of "cutting porridge and cutting off the porridge" not only did not wear away his will, but tempered the mind of "worrying about the world before it". Fan Zhongyan's case shows that "intentional" reading is not only a skill, but also a cultivation of the mind - only by maintaining spiritual abundance in material scarcity can we comprehend the true meaning of knowledge</p> <p class="ql-block">针对此，我们似乎不得不反省一番，当代现实的镜鉴，实已“用意”缺失。在智能手机普及的今天，人们平均每天滑动屏幕2500次，阅读时长却不足15分钟。短视频、社交媒体将知识切割成碎片，导致“知道分子”增多，“思考者”减少。某调研显示，68%的受访者承认“读完文章后无法复述核心观点”，这正是“不用意”读书的典型症状——信息过载却深度缺失，如同在知识海洋中拾取浮萍，终难抵达彼岸。同时当代教育体系中，“读书为考试”“学习为就业”的观念盛行，这种功利化倾向使读书沦为技术训练，而非精神成长。正如《增广贤文》警示：“学问勤中得，萤窗万卷书。”当读书失去对真理的探索、对自我的超越，即便获得文凭，也难以在人生长跑中保持持久动力，这实在是一种悲哀。</p><p class="ql-block">In response to this, we seem to have to reflect on the mirror of contemporary reality, which is actually missing "intention". In today's popular smartphone era, people swipe the screen an average of 2,500 times a day and read for less than 15 minutes. Short videos and social media cut knowledge into pieces, resulting in an increase in "knowing molecules" and a decrease in "thinkers". According to a survey, 68% of respondents admitted that "they cannot repeat the core ideas after reading the article", which is a typical symptom of "unintentional" reading - information overload but lack of depth, like picking up duckweed in the ocean of knowledge, and it is difficult to reach the other side. At the same time, in the contemporary education system, the concepts of "reading for examination" and "learning for employment" are prevalent, and this utilitarian tendency makes reading reduced to technical training rather than spiritual growth. As the "Zengguang Xianwen" warns: "Learning is obtained in diligence, and there are thousands of books in the fluorescent ." "When reading loses the exploration of truth and transcendence of oneself, even if you get a diploma, it is difficult to maintain lasting motivation in the growth and running, which is really a sadness</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block">浅尝辄止的危机导致思维惰性的蔓延。在知识获取便捷化的时代，“搜索即拥有”的错觉导致深度思考能力退化。这反过来也印证了“用意”读书的必要性——唯有通过主动思考、反复咀嚼，才能将知识内化为智慧，而非停留在“知道”的层面。</p><p class="ql-block">The crisis of shallow taste leads to the spread of inertia. In the era of convenient access to knowledge, the illusion of "search is to own" leads to the deterioration of deep thinking ability. This, in turn, confirms the necessity of "intentional" reading - only through active thinking and repeated chewing can knowledge be internalized into wisdom, rather than staying at the level of "knowing</p> <p class="ql-block">“逢人且说三分话，未可全抛一片心”告诉我们与人交流时不可完全袒露内心想法，应保留多于表达的内容。在人际交往中需保持谨慎态度，避免过度暴露隐私、真实目的及负面评价，同时注意隐藏自身短处。当然这句话更应引申为社交中需保持适度保留的智慧。其本质并非虚伪，而是通过选择性表达避免言多必失、保护隐私，同时为关系发展留有余地。</p><p class="ql-block">"Talk to people and say three points, don't throw away all your heart" tells us that when communicating with people, we should not completely reveal our inner thoughts, and we should keep more content than expressed. You need to be cautious in interpersonal communication, avoid overexposing your privacy, true purpose and negative evaluations, and pay attention to hiding your shortcomings. Of course, this sentence should be extended to the wisdom that needs to be moderately reserved in social interaction. Its essence is not hypocrisy, but through selective expression to avoid losing too much and protecting privacy, while leaving room for the relationship to develop</p> <p class="ql-block">比如在现代职场上涉及敏感信息（如晋升计划、同事评价）时需谨慎，避免被断章取义或引发矛盾。三国时杨修就因过度解读曹操“鸡肋”口令招致杀身之祸，警示过早暴露意图的风险。在初识关系中，对交情尚浅者避免“交浅言深”，如家庭隐私、财务细节等话题应暂缓分享。在利益相关的场合中，谈判或合作中保留关键信息，逐步试探对方诚意，如范雎见秦昭王时三次试探才进言。</p><p class="ql-block">For example, in the modern workplace, you need to be cautious when involving sensitive information (such as promotion plans, peer evaluations) to avoid being taken out of context or causing conflicts During the Three Kingdoms period, Yang Xiu was killed by over-interpreting Cao Cao's "tasteless ribs" password, warning of the risk of exposing intentions prematurely In the first acquaintance relationship, avoid "shallow and deep conversations" for those who are still in a shallow relationship, such as family privacy, financial details and other topics should be postponed In situations of interest, key information should be retained during negotiations or cooperation, and the sincerity of the other party should be gradually tested, such as when Fan Ju met King Qin Zhao three times before speaking</p> <p class="ql-block">有意栽花花不发，无心插柳柳成荫，这话从字面意思上就是比喻有心去做的事偏不成功，无意做的却成功了。其出处明代罗贯中、冯梦龙《平妖传》中：“胡员外想着家中苦楚，又见他两个都是出于至诚，只得受了，作揖称谢。正是：有意种花花不发，无心插柳柳成荫。”我们的先贤总是用流传甚广的处世格言告诫我们在人际交往中要谨慎言行，保留一定的戒备心。“逢人且说三分话，”：遇到他人时，说话要有所保留，不必和盘托出。“未可全抛一片心"：不要轻易向他人完全敞开心扉，毫无保留地信任。这是自我保护的警世之言，旨在提醒我们避免因过度坦诚而暴露弱点，防止被别有用心者利用。在社交分寸上，强调人际交往中需保持适度距离，既不过于疏离，也不过度亲密。在复杂的社会环境中，完全信任他人可能带来风险，需根据对象和情境调整信任程度。与不熟悉的人交往时涉及利益或敏感话题时面对可能不可靠的社交对象时，更要引此为诫。</p><p class="ql-block">Intentionally planting flowers and not blooming, unintentionally planting willows to shade the willows, this is literally a metaphor for the intention to do the things that are not successful, but the unintentional things are successful. Its source is from the Ming Dynasty Luo Guanzhong and Feng Menglong's "Ping Yao Biography": "Hu Yuanwai thought about the suffering at home, and saw that both of them were out of sincerity, so he had to accept it and bow and thank him." Exactly: intentionally planting flowers and flowers without blooming, unintentionally planting willows to shade the willows. "Our ancestors always used widely circulated maxims to warn us to be cautious in our words and deeds in interpersonal communication and to maintain a certain degree of vigilance." Meet people and say three points": When you meet others, you should have reservations in your speech, and you don't have to talk to them. "Don't give up all your heart": Don't open your heart completely to others easily and trust them unreservedly. This is a cautionary tale for self-protection, reminding us to avoid exposing weaknesses by being overly honest and to prevent being taken advantage of by those with ulterior motives. In terms of social proportion, it is emphasized that a moderate distance should be maintained in interpersonal communication, neither too alienated nor too intimate. In a complex social environment, full trust in others can pose risks, and the level of trust needs to be adjusted according to the object and context. This is especially important when interacting with unfamiliar people when dealing with interests or sensitive topics, and when dealing with potentially unreliable social partners</p> <p class="ql-block">“画虎画皮难画骨，知人知面不知心”这句话最早出自元代孟汉卿的《魔合罗》，后才收录于《增广贤文》。我们以画虎皮毛易、绘骨难为比喻，阐明辨识外貌易而揣度内心难之理，现多用于警示人际交往及技术应用中认知他人真实意图的局限性。其内涵通过虎骨对应人心的隐喻，阐述认知表象与本质的差异。</p><p class="ql-block">The sentence "It is difficult to draw a tiger and a skin, and it is difficult to draw a bone, and it is difficult to know the face but not the heart" first came from Meng Hanqing's "Mo Heluo" in the Yuan Dynasty, and was later included in the "Zengguang Xianwen". We use the metaphor of painting tiger skin and fur and bones to illustrate the principle that it is easy to identify the appearance but difficult to guess the heart, which is now mostly used to warn of the limitations of recognizing the true intentions of others in interpersonal communication and technology applications. Its connotation expounds the difference between cognitive appearance and essence through the metaphor of tiger bones corresponding to the human heart</p><p class="ql-block">在曾国藩的《冰鉴》中也有“以行观志、以事验德”的说法，这也进一步警示我们要用实践来验证一个人是否言行一致，是否口是心非。例如三国时期吕布反复无常，表面勇猛却难掩贪婪本性，终遭曹操诛杀。唐代安禄山伪装忠诚骗取唐玄宗信任，最终发动安史之乱颠覆盛唐，这些都是看得见摸得着的历史客观事实。这个社会纷繁复杂，我们在与人交往时要时刻保持警惕，多留个心眼才能更好地保护自己。</p><p class="ql-block">In Zeng Guofan's "Bingjian", there is also a saying that "observe the will by deeds and test virtue by deeds", which further warns us to use practice to verify whether a person is consistent in words and deeds, and whether he is duplicity For example, during the Three Kingdoms period, Lü Bu was capricious, brave on the surface but unable to hide his greedy nature, and was finally killed by Cao Cao An Lushan of the Tang Dynasty pretended to be loyal and deceived Tang Xuanzong's trust, and finally launched the Anshi Rebellion to subvert the Tang Dynasty, which are all visible and tangible historical objective facts. This society is complex, and we must always be vigilant when interacting with others and pay more attention to better protect ourselves</p>