<p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">《登鹳雀楼》</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">【唐】王之涣</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">白日依山尽，黄河入海流。</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">欲穷千里目，更上一层楼。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">【译文】</b></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">太阳傍着连绵不断的群山慢慢地消失，滔滔黄河一直向大海奔流。要想领略更加美丽的景色，就得再登上一层楼台。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(255, 138, 0); font-size:15px;">（站在高楼上，只见夕阳依傍着山峦慢慢沉落，滔滔黄河朝着大海汹涌奔流。想要看到千里之外的风光，那就要再登上更高的一层楼。）</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(57, 181, 74);">（夕阳依傍着西山慢慢地沉没，滔滔黄河朝着大海汹涌奔流。若想把千里的风光景物看够，那就要登上更高的一层城楼。）</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">A:诗人运用极其朴素、极其浅显的语言，高度形象高度概括地把进入广大视野的万里河山，收入短短20个字中。这首诗写诗人在登高望远中表现出来的不凡的胸襟抱负，反映了盛唐时期人们积极向上的进取精神。</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(57, 181, 74);">B:这是一首登高望远诗。寥寥数语，把景色写得浩瀚壮阔，气魄雄浑，放眼宇宙之无限，寓寄哲理之深沉。诗的两联皆用对仗，而且对得顺乎自然，气势充沛，浩大无边，浑然天成。“欲穷千里目，更上一层楼”，被作为追求理想境界的座右铭，遗芳千古。</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">C:此诗前两句写的是自然景色，但开笔就有缩万里于咫尺，使咫尺有万里之势；后两句写意，写的出人意料，把哲理与景物、情势溶化得天衣无缝，成为鹳雀楼上一首不朽的绝唱，不愧是唐代五言诗的压卷之作。</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">赏析</b></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">王之涣的《登鹳雀楼》宛如一颗璀璨的明珠，在唐诗的星空中熠熠生辉。它是一首登高望远诗，以寥寥数语，勾勒出浩瀚壮阔之景，尽显气魄雄浑，于宇宙无限的视野中，寓寄深沉哲理，令人回味无穷。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">景中见势，阔达雄浑</b></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">诗的前两句“白日依山尽，黄河入海流”，宛如一幅气势恢宏的山水画卷在眼前徐徐展开。诗人以极其朴素、浅显的语言，高度形象且概括地描绘出万里河山的壮丽景色。“白日依山尽”，诗人遥望那一轮落日，向着楼前一望无际、连绵起伏的群山西沉，在视野的尽头缓缓而没，将山之雄浑与落日之壮美完美融合；“黄河入海流”，目送流经楼前下方的黄河奔腾咆哮、滚滚南来，又在远处折而东向，流归大海，尽显黄河的磅礴气势。短短十个字，却将广阔视野中的山川河流尽收其中，画面宽广辽远，给人以强烈的视觉冲击和心灵震撼。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">思中含理，意蕴深远</b></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">后两句“欲穷千里目，更上一层楼”，则由景入情，由实转虚，写出了诗人的所想。“欲穷千里目”，表达了诗人一种无止境探求的愿望，他不满足于眼前的景色，还想看得更远，看到目力所能达到的地方。而实现这一愿望的唯一办法就是“更上一层楼”。从这后半首诗，我们可以合理推测前半首写的可能是在第二层楼（非最高层）所见，而诗人为了穷尽目力所及，看尽远方景物，毅然登上了楼的顶层。在收尾处用一“楼”字，巧妙地点明了这是一首登楼诗。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">这两句诗看似只是平铺直叙地写出了登楼的过程，实则含意深远，耐人寻味。“千里”“一层”，都是虚数，代表着诗人想象中纵横两方面的空间。“欲穷”“更上”词语中包含了多少希望，多少憧憬。它不仅发表了议论，而且别翻新意，出人意表，同时又与前两句写景诗承接得十分自然、紧密，从而把诗篇推引入更高的境界，向读者展示了更大的视野。也正因为如此，这两句包含朴素哲理的议论，成为了千古传诵的名句，使得这首诗成为一首千古绝唱。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">景理交融，典范之作</b></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(57, 181, 74);">就全诗而言，它完美地体现了日僧空海在《文镜秘府论》中所说的“景入理势”。有人说诗忌说理，其实这应当只是说诗歌不要生硬地、枯燥地、抽象地说理，而不是在诗歌中不能揭示和宣扬哲理。像这首诗，把道理与景物、情事溶化得天衣无缝，使读者并不觉得它在说理，而理自在其中。这是根据诗歌特点、运用形象思维来显示生活哲理的典范。诗人通过描绘登高望远的景色，自然地引出了追求更高境界、不断探索的哲理，让读者在欣赏美景的同时，也能受到哲理的启迪。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">对仗精妙，气势贯通</b></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">这首诗在写法上还有一个显著的特点，它是一首全篇用对仗的绝句。沈德潜在《唐诗别裁》中选录这首诗时曾指出：“四语皆对，读来不嫌其排，骨高故也。”绝句总共只有两联，而两联都用对仗，如果不是气势充沛，一意贯连，很容易雕琢呆板或支离破碎。但这首诗却做到了浑然天成，前一联用的是正名对，所谓“正正相对”，语句极为工整，又厚重有力，更显示出所写景象的雄大；后一联用的是流水对，虽两句相对，却没有对仗的痕迹，仿佛行云流水般自然流畅。由此可见，诗人运用对仗的技巧十分成熟。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">独步千古，超越时空</b></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">《梦溪笔谈》中曾指出，唐人在鹳雀楼所留下的诗中，“惟李益、王之涣、畅当三篇，能状其景”。李益的诗是一首七律；畅当的诗也是一首五绝，也题作《登鹳雀楼》，全诗如下：“迥临飞鸟上，高出世尘间。天势围平野，河流入断山。”诗境也很壮阔，不失为一首名作，但有王之涣的这首诗在前，比较之下，终输一筹，不得不让王诗独步千古。周复纲说，这首诗具有超越时空的力量，这种力量是美和哲理的统一，是客观与主观的和谐，是伟大的艺术再现和创造。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">王之涣的《登鹳雀楼》以其壮阔的景色、深远的哲理、精妙的对仗和超越时空的艺术魅力，成为了唐诗中的经典之作。它不仅反映了盛唐时期人们积极向上的进取精神，也展现了诗人不凡的胸襟抱负。每当诵读这首诗，我们仿佛能跟随诗人的脚步，登上鹳雀楼，领略那浩瀚壮阔的景色，感受那追求理想境界的豪情壮志。</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">作者简介：</b></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(57, 181, 74);">王之涣早年及第，曾任过冀州衡水（今属河北）县主薄，不久因遭人诬陷而罢官，不到三十岁的王之涣从此过上了访友漫游的生活。鹳雀楼在平阳府蒲州（今山西蒲县），与王之涣的老家绛州同属晋南，所以这首诗可能是王之涣在弃官回乡时所作。写这首诗的时候，王之涣只有三十五岁。</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">玩哈英语：</b></p><p class="ql-block"></p> <p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><b style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">Ascending the Stork Tower</b></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">By Wang Zhihuan of the Tang Dynasty</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">The sun sets behind the mountains,</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">The Yellow River flows into the sea.</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">To see a thousand miles further,</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">One must climb a higher floor.</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">ascend /əˈsɛnd/ </b></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">(ascending, ascended, ascends)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">1V-T If you ascend a hill or staircase, you go up it. 上 (山、楼梯)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">Mrs. Clayton had to hold Lizzie's hand as they ascended the steps.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">上台阶时克莱顿夫人不得不抓着莉齐的手。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">2V-I If a staircase or path ascends, it leads up to a higher position. (楼梯或路) 向上延伸</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">A number of staircases ascend from the cobbled streets onto the ramparts.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:15px; color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">若干个阶梯从鹅卵石街道向上延伸到城墙上。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">3V-I If something ascends, it moves up, usually vertically or into the air. (通常垂直地) 向上移动</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">Keep the drill centred in the borehole while it ascends and descends.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">当钻头上下钻时，要把钻孔保持在中心。</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">stork /stɔːk/ </b></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">1N-COUNT A stork is a large bird with a long beak and long legs, which lives near water. 鹳</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">A stork flew slowly past. 一只鹳缓缓飞过。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">Once, a fox invited a stork to dinner.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);"> 一次，狐狸请鹳来吃晚饭。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">"Please do not apologize," said the stork. "I hope you will come to my house, and dine with me soon."</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);"> “别客气，”鹤说，“过几天请到我家来和我一起吃饭吧。”</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">The fox could easily lap up the soup, but the stork could only wet the end of her long bill in it. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">狐狸可以轻而易举地喝到汤，但是鹤只够蘸湿他长长的嘴尖。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">"Please begin," said the Stork, thrusting her beak into the jug.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);"> 请吃吧。鹤说道，把嘴伸进了罐子里。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">"Certainly." said the stork, who was doing her best to be polite. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">“当然了。”鹳尽量使自己很有礼貌地说。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">One night his ship, the Stork; pursued and rammed a U-boat in the darkness.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);"> 某夜，他的坐舰“鹳鸟”号在黑夜之中追逐一艘潜艇并和它相撞。</span></p> <p class="ql-block">a white stork白鹳</p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">鹳 /guàn/名词</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">鸟，外形像鹤，也像鹭，嘴长而直，翼大尾短。善飞翔，生活在近水地区，捕食鱼、虾等。种类很多，常见的有白鹳、黑鹳两种。</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">更上一层楼 / gèng shàng yì céng lóu /</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">go up a storey still higher</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">strive for further improvement</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">climb one storey higher </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">attain a yet higher goal</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">scale new heights</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">We should make the quality of our products even better.</b></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">我们要使产品质量更上一层楼。</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">登鹳雀楼 ON THE STORK TOWER</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">王之涣Wang Zhihuan</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187); font-size:15px;">白日依山尽，The sun beyond the mountain glows;</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187); font-size:15px;">黄河入海流。The Yellow River seawards flows.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187); font-size:15px;">欲穷千里目，You can enjoy a great sight;</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187); font-size:15px;">更上一层楼。By climbing to a greater height.</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">glow /ɡləʊ/ CET4 TEM4</b></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">(glowing, glowed, glows)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">1N-COUNT A glow is a dull, steady light, for example the light produced by a fire when there are no flames. 暗淡的光</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">The cigarette's red glow danced about in the darkness.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">香烟的红色暗光在黑暗中闪烁。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">2N-SING A glow is a pink colour on a person's face, usually because they are healthy or have been exercising. (脸上的) 红光</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">The moisturizer gave my face a healthy glow that lasted all day.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">这种润肤霜给我脸上带来了持续整天的一种健康的红光。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">3N-SING If you feel a glow of satisfaction or achievement, you have a strong feeling of pleasure because of something that you have done or that has happened. 喜悦</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">Exercise will give you a glow of satisfaction at having achieved something.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">体育锻炼会带给你一种有所成就的喜悦。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">4V-I If something glows, it produces a dull, steady light. 发出微弱稳定的光</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">The night lantern glowed softly in the darkness.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">夜灯在黑暗中发出微弱的光。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">5V-I If someone's skin glows, it looks pink because they are healthy or excited, or have been doing physical exercise. (皮肤) 泛出红光</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">Her freckled skin glowed with health again.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">她那有雀斑的皮肤又泛起健康的红色。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">6V-I If someone glows with an emotion such as pride or pleasure, the expression on their face shows how they feel. 容光焕发</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">The expectant mothers that Amy had encountered positively glowed with pride.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:15px; color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">埃米遇见的孕妇们个个脸上都洋溢着幸福和自豪。</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:22px;">tower塔楼</b></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">The tower stands 30 metres high. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">塔高30米。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">tower /ˈtaʊə/ CET4 TEM4</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">(towering, towered, towers)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:15px;">1N-COUNT/N-IN-NAMES A tower is a tall, narrow building, that either stands alone or forms part of another building such as a church or castle. 塔</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187); font-size:15px;">...an eleventh century castle with 120-foot high towers.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250); font-size:15px;">…一座11世纪的城堡，有着120英尺高的塔楼。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:15px;">2V-I Someone or something that towers over surrounding people or things is a lot taller than they are. 高出许多</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">He stood up and towered over her.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">他站起来，高出她许多。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">3N-COUNT A tower is a tall structure that is used for sending radio or television signals. (无线电或电视信号的) 发射塔</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">Troops are still in control of the television and radio tower.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">军队仍然控制着电视和无线电的发射塔。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">4N-COUNT A tower is a tall box that contains the main parts of a computer, such as the hard disk and the drives. (计算机) 机箱</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">seaward /ˈsiːwəd/ (亦作seawards)</b></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8); font-size:15px;">1ADV Something that moves or faces seaward or seawards moves or faces in the direction of the sea or further out to sea. 向海地(towards the sea)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">A barge was about a hundred yards away, waiting to return seaward.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">一艘驳船停在约100码远的地方，等待返海回航。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">It faced seawards to the north.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">它面向北方，朝着海。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:15px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">2ADJ The seaward side of something faces in the direction of the sea or further out to sea. 向海的</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(176, 79, 187);">The houses on the seaward side of the road were all in ruins.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(21, 100, 250);">马路临海一侧的房屋全都成了废墟。</span></p>