<p class="ql-block">倫敦大學教授paoloTaticchi簡介</p><p class="ql-block">伦敦大学学院管理学院的Paolo Taticchi教授是一位在战略与可持续发展领域具有广泛影响力和深厚学术造诣的学者，以下是他的详细介绍：</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">教育背景：毕业于伦敦大学学院，拥有相关领域的博士学位。</p><p class="ql-block">学术职位：伦敦大学学院管理学院战略与可持续发展教授、副院长，负责MBA、全球参与和高管教育等工作。</p><p class="ql-block">研究领域：主要聚焦于企业可持续性与绩效衡量，其研究成果在国际上受到广泛认可。他深入研究企业如何在可持续发展方面取得成功，以及如何将可持续性整合到企业的战略和运营中，以实现长期的商业价值和社会价值。</p><p class="ql-block">著作作品：出版了多部具有影响力的著作，如2021年1月出版的《Corporate Sustainability in Practice》，该书系统地阐述了企业可持续发展的实践方法和策略，为企业的可持续转型提供了理论指导和实践参考。此外，他还与Melina Corvaglia-Charrey合著了《How to be sustainable》，该书揭示了在当今全球面临气候危机等严峻挑战的背景下，企业实现可持续发展的策略和方法，强调了领导力在推动可持续变革中的关键作用。</p><p class="ql-block">教学与培训：在高管教育方面非常活跃，为众多《财富》全球500强公司的经理和高管提供了培训，帮助他们提升在战略规划、可持续发展等方面的管理能力。他的课程内容丰富、实用性强，结合了大量的实际案例和前沿理论，深受学员的欢迎和好评。</p><p class="ql-block">演讲与活动：是一位备受追捧的演讲嘉宾，经常受邀在世界级的学术、政府和行业活动中发表主旨演讲，分享他在企业可持续发展领域的最新研究成果和实践经验。他的演讲内容深入浅出，能够引发听众的广泛共鸣和思考，为推动可持续发展领域的交流与合作做出了重要贡献。</p><p class="ql-block">咨询与顾问：在战略、教育和可持续发展等领域拥有丰富的咨询经验，曾为不同规模、不同行业的企业提供咨询服务。他还担任多家知名组织的顾问委员会成员，为这些组织的战略规划和可持续发展提供专业的建议和指导。此外，他还是意大利生态转型部的科学顾问之一，为意大利的生态转型政策制定和实施提供了重要的智力支持。</p><p class="ql-block">荣誉与奖项：曾获得众多奖项，以表彰其工作的影响力。他的项目、引述和观点在国际媒体上被提及超过350次。2021年，他被意大利领先的商业日报《Sole 24 Ore》评为40岁以下最具影响力的意大利人之一。</p> <p class="ql-block">When I look back, I managed to switch to business and became an entrepreneur. I started my first company one year after my MBA. I met the business partner and I met my future wife. Is there a better return on investment for MBA experience? So I wish you that. Okay, not necessarily to find your life partner but we need to have a transformational experience when you study at your MBA. Um, so the topic I'm gonna discuss with you tonight.Is basically the topic of my last book this was published, this was published in February this year so it's literally really brand new a is sold in China as well so you can find it in China and I.……And sign, for those of you are gonna ask a very good question, okay? So make sure you apply yourself and ask good questions after my presentation. Um, but as explaining the gentle introduction, I'm a professor of strategy and sustainability, okay? So my background is in general management and strategy, but in 2007 I decided I wanted to specialize on this topic of corporate sustainability.With the goal to help organisations to become more sustainable in the way they operate. So when we speak about sustainability in business, we don't refer only to economic sustainability, that is of course very important, but we also refer to environmental.……</p> <p class="ql-block">...Arrived yesterday from Europe and today I've been teaching for seven hours, it's a, it's a it bit of a challenge I guess to be at this point....You know, something I guess very important about anb experience, your experience, you expand your network, okay? It is a, you know, it's gonna be something that is going to be valuable for four years for your entire professional life, and what is also interesting is that one year after graduating from the MBA, I went into an alumni event and guess what? I met the woman who became my wife.……</p> <p class="ql-block">On that now within the space of sustainability there are many interesting topics, okay I have here my colleagues accounting and today you know there is great accounting, sustainable accounting you name right so it became a topic in accounting but this became a topic in finance became a topic in operations, became a topic in supply chain management so substantially is a relevant perspective today in any traditional.Management and business discipline. So I came into this conversation from a strategy perspective and I was really driven by a question or an observation. Many organizations struggle to develop sustainable business models.……Understand the topic first of all, but also because of very little, they perceive that developing a more sustainable business is something expensive and creates a cost for the organization, and for profit organizations are designed, many of them, to create profit. So something going against profit doesn't look like a good idea to many executives and managers. So basically my research and my projects over the years have focused on this problem.Trying to understand how can we make sustainability work from a profit perspective? How can we develop new strategies and new business models that help organizations not only to become better organizations, more responsible organizations.……</p> <p class="ql-block">Including this book is about basically this topic and of course, on the book I share the latest thinking from academia and industry on this topic and I'm gonna try to share a little bit of that with you. I'm not going too much otherwise you don't buy the book. So I'm gonna take a little bit, um, let's start from the problem. Okay? When we speak about sustainability in business, so we basically refer to the fact.That in society we have some problems that we need to address so and business can play a role in that, so some of you might have seen this definition of sustainable development, this is a very.……OK, so what would they play and more importantly what would they should play? Okay, I think that's a very, you know important key question. Now you might be familiar with this framework, okay, this is again quite popular. Um this is a called this sustainable development goods agenda and it's basically again something that was put together by the UN.Years ago is a 15 year plan, from 2015 to 2030 is a big agenda that is summarizing the key areas of action that we need to address, if we wanted to create the conditions for a sustainable development.……So there are 17 areas of action there are 167 if I remember well, targets associated to these 17 areas of action okay hundred and sixty seven from 2015 to twenty, thirty fifteen year plan okay so for example you know you have from addressing poverty that is a big problem in society, to climate action to address the fact that the climate.Is changing and more and more we are experiencing extreme weather events and major consequences not only for society but for corporations as well. Now what do you say? Are we making good progress on this agenda, on these target.……</p> <p class="ql-block">Not much, right? Yeah, I can see some heads shaking. So we are basically on track with only 12% of the targets and the UN is suggesting that we made good progress on more or less half of them, okay? What this means is that as a society we are going in the right direction, but unfortunately not fast enough so we do have real problems that we need to address.Um, I wanted to speak for a second about climate change because that's a big, that's a big deal, it's a big problem, um, basically the current.……Able to decarbonize our society. Carbon emissions are going to grow significantly by the end of the sector of the century. And the consequence of that is that we are going to experience major changes in our climate. We expect more or less the average temperature in the planet to go up by five degrees and that comes with major consequences. So today, governments around the world and countries around the world, including China of course.They have developed an agenda of action to try to address this problem of carbon emissions globally, and the objective is to try to contain this increase of temperature in the planet to 1.5.……Again, we are, we are running late on this target so most likely we're gonna experience a change of at least 2.5 to two degrees in the planet, which comes with major consequences for the environment, major consequences for our ecosystems, and major consequences for our life, okay? Because we going experience more and more unfortunately extreme weather events. Now these extreme weather events are not just a problem for society.They are a problem for business as well, okay? Now I'm gonna ask you a question, um, which industry in your opinion is more affected by extreme weather events and climate change.……There is an extreme weather event they pay for the consequences of it. Now I invite you to for example, read what is happening in Florida in Miami, in places like Miami basically that region has been hit very badly by extreme weather events, tornado and they have so many that create so much disruption that now for insurance companies that.Is no longer economically convenient to operate in the region, so they're moving away from there so now you now Miami is incredibly hard to find an insurance company is going to short and that be super, super expensive so this is.……Problem right? So this is kind of can be real. I can give another another example, are you familiar with the Italian coffee brand? I yeah you are good. So about a year ago at UCL I had the CEO of the company, Andrea illy comes from the family as a speaker in my sustainability MBA elective and he was speaking about the challenges associated to climate.Change in its sector. So let me tell you a little bit about what he shared. So italyly is an Italian coffee brand but unfortunately or fortunately the coffee is not from Italy. I don't know if you realize that.……Not okay. Coffee is substantially illegalo of a few countrieseneuela, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ethiopia and Vietnam producing by far the largest, you know quantities of coffee we consume in the world by far and what is happening is that climate change is affecting these countries. So agriculture is affected, the coffee production is affected, especially the south American countries have been hit very badly in recent years by extreme weather events. As a result of that there are years where COVID.……Demand, whether there is less prices go up so basically the CEO of it was saying, we have a big problem because we are expanding internationally, and every year we don't know exactly how much we're going to be able to buy from our suppliers because we don't know what is going to be available, and we don't know how much we're gonna pay for what we buy so fluctuation of prices is gonna, you know, impact negatively.Our forecasting of course alsos our profitability at the end of the year. So basically he said what looks like, you know, environmental problem of society is actually very real business problem for us. He said something that shocked the students. He said that is the forecast for the total.……</p> <p class="ql-block">Industry that for 2050 could be the double of what is now, because basically coffee is becoming more popular in southeast Asia and this is basically making the market growing, but there is another forecast that because of climate change, the availability of coffee could be out by 2050 so these creates a very interesting paradox, right? We have on one side the market that is growing faster and companies that could try to take advantage of that.But on the other side you the problem with the product, you might have less product to sell in the future because of issue so many of the problems that you see, you know, in society do actually become real problems for business and companies and for example, as a school u.……Corporations on this topic and for example, last year we developed a training program for the board of British airways to help them to think strategically at this topic of decarbonization, but also to explore what type of conversion opportunities that can be explored when you start you know, adding these to your strategic agenda. Now I spoke about the environmental problem, so.I want to give you another example of something that is not about the environment but about people, because when we speak about sustainability is not only about the environment but is also the people dimension, okay? So I wanted to give you a story that comes from basically canary wharf where UCL school of management is located.……So point this yeah, so this is a right at the top here, we have the 50th floor and 38 somewhere here and we are expanding as you can see, we have all the headquarters in can wharf of the major international banks, and the story I'm going to share with you a second relates to the scandal that Morgan Stanley, very famous bank basically experienced during the COVID, okay so.……Story is a scandal what happened so you probably know that we hear that the new generations approach the job market in a different way, okay so you know, people are graduating now approach job market differently from my generation and I guess one of the differences is that compared to my generation, they that more work life balance great right.Um, so this is the story if you are familiar with the world of banking and investment banking, there is a stereotype. The stereotype is that you work crazy hours in investment banking and apparently this is.……Graduate from business school and join an investment bank. You really work long hours, okay? Now many of you are working, so I'm gonna ask you how many hours you work per week? Roughly, give me a number roughly 4040 hours, some working more, 5070 hours. That's a good one.Let me ask you something, all of us had a bad week during the year is the week where we have an important deadline or a big event going on or you know, something big and because of that we more we work more than usual so how many hours you working about week you 70 hours in a normal week if it is.……</p> <p class="ql-block">And started to happen. Why are we accepting this? Are, you know, happy of this situation if your son or daughter was working at Morgan Stanley and working these busy hours? I have real problems in business. So yes, you know, we have problems, but we also have related to kind of working conditions in factories know, acceptable practices.And this is true everywhere is to is to London. This is kind of work, right? Two years, three years ago. So yes, we have a problem and we need to start thinking differently so let me tell you a little bit when.……How is the topic of sustainability business as evolved over the decades? And then I'm going to tell you a little bit what is happening now. Let me start by saying that this topic is not new. Okay, so the very first book on this topic was published in 1953 from an American scholar and what is interesting is that in this book, the author was sharing some very interesting ideas that are still relevant today. The other was basically suggesting that companies, they've got responsibilities not only towards shareholders.……And decision making as a company, you need to reflect on the environment and society when you take decisions for the business, okay? Um.……That if you are a manager employed by for profit organization, it is your responsibility to take decisions that try to generate profit, because that's the responsibility of the company towards the shareholders legal responsibilities. You are expected to take decisions that align with the legal frameworks of the countries where you operate the kind of responsibilities. This means that you don't limit to do what is legal, you do what is right.And there is a difference there, right? And then this basically framework was introducing the idea of the philanthropic responsibilities of business, this idea that the companies recognize that at times they do generate profit in a non sustainable.……On the environment or negative impacts on society. And as a consequence of that, this framework was suggesting the idea to reinvest part of revenue, of profit on initiatives that do create a positive impact as a way to compensate, okay, substantiallyanthropic approach to sustainability. Now this is why, for example, I don't know, many years ago I worked with an Italian cement company.That was basically financing elementary schools in Kenya. Now there is nothing wrong with financing elementary schools in Kenya because you do finance projects that do create a real positive impact, but there are some major issues if that is.……</p> <p class="ql-block">Basically, first of all, financing schools in Kenya is completely disconnected from your real business, which is a cement. Second, if you are a very profitable organization, you're not going to really focus on the environmental impact of your cement activities. You're just gonna repest one percent of your revenue on good projects that are going to produce the good stories for your company. So for many years, CSR managers in organizations were completely disconnected from the real business.These were people receiving a budget every year. The mission was very clear, spend it, make sure that we run initiatives that do create a positive impact because we need these stories for our sustainability.……Our social media and so on basically for marketing. So CSR in the past became a marketing topic and this has led to the great washing that we have experienced for decades now, what started the changes made in the nineties.……So one of these new ideas was the concept of the triple bottom line of business, so he said to try to manage at the same time.……Corporations globally and was the scandal of 90 in 1996 when this picture got published okay, so basically an NGO carried out an investigation in the supply chain of Nike and at a certain point, there was a big story in American magazine that was coming with this picture that was suggesting a clear situation of.Child labor in the supply chain. Now I don't have time to tell you all the details but what I want you to know is that this is not something that was orchestrated, organized by Nike in fact something very different was up it was a supplier that.……Smaller organizations up to the point that the perfectly functional black supply chain was created, invol basically child labor in a number of countries. Now in 1996 when this picture got published, what do you think happened tonight? So this picture is published, what problem do you face as a company? So that's a problem number two.There is one problem before that, but the two problems are very related and valuable but quickly problem number one for the first time, the brand of Nike became under attack entire movements against the brand Nike problem number two but.……He is a listed company and the value of shares started collapsing. Now this was big. The value of shares collapsed for more than a year. So you read in the book of the founder that basically Nike was very close to bankruptcy. Now this was a wake up call for the corporate community because if you oh, sorry, because if you look at what happened, let's try to imagine that these pictures are an equation.Okay, here you have a sustainability problem. The consequence of a sustainability problem is a reputational problem. The consequence of a reputational problem is a financial problem. So this is an equation. Basically sustainability problems are financial risks.……Came very clear to cooperates at that point and they also realized that their approach to sustainability was based on the c SR on financially, nothing was going to prevent situations like this, okay? So at that point it was clear that the topic of sustainability had to be addressed in a different way and that's when basically my opinion, things started changing and I'm gonna go.To this slide, but this is the definition of corporate sustainability that I shared in a book that I published three years ago and basically the new, I guess understanding of this topic is that sustainable transformation and systemability investments today.……</p> <p class="ql-block">Companies that are more sustainable can try to be, should be more competitive and profitable. Okay? This basically calls for new approaches to the topic of sustainability. Now I'm gonna skip this and jump here. So this is one of the basically images that are in the book.……The world where they basically analyzed how corporations globally were engaging with the topic of sustainable transformation, and this basically study found something very interesting. They found that many companies had sustainability strategies in place, but like half of them had a clear underlying business case at the base of these sustainability strategies.And the business study was suggesting that the companies that had a clear business case at the base of business strategies, were able to profit more from these strategies. So the idea is before you jump on a for you jump on developing initiatives, make sure that you understand, you know, why you should be doing certain things.……So my research and my experience in this field suggests that there are five key reasons explaining why companies, globally engage with sustainable transformation and these the factors might be different from region to region, industry to industry. For some companies it could be maybe one or two factors driving the agenda, for other companies it could be all of the five factors, okay? It's different from company to company, place to place.Um, genetically speaking the five factors are compliance, so I do certain things because it's mandatory, it becoming mandatory to do certain things, reputation, I do it because it's important for my brand, cost reduction opportunities because in the context of sustainable operations, very often sustainability investments lead to cost saving that.……Let's say that we are able to improve the light, the lights in this room, okay? And we can use the more efficient lights, bulbs that basically reduce the energy consumption as a consequence of that to reduce the carbon emissions associated with this robot, okay? So we do something good for the environment, but the reality is that if we're consuming less energy, the university is that as well because the energy bill is going to go down.OK, so what is the problem? The problem is that to change the lights, I need to make investment, so I need the capital that if I invest lights, maybe I cannot invest on MBA scholarships, right? So there are clear trade offs in terms of capital allocation, but very often the way.……Of operations you can create the conditions that for cost saving. Then there are two drivers that are very important. Go back to compliance in a second, but there are two drivers that are very important. The type of risks that you face as an organization if you don't do certain things today. So for example, let's say that you are a Chinese supplier to the automotive industry and your biggest clients are in Europe.Your biggest clients have got sustainability agendas, so if you don't do certain things, if you don't align with certain things here, you might lose these important clients in Europe, okay? So that is basically a market risk, so that should be part of the business case for your sustainability agenda.……</p> <p class="ql-block">The younger generations when they approach the job market, they look at the sustainability of basically employers. So they want employers to be good employers. So that is basically driving their decision making. If you don't have a sustainable brand, maybe the future, you struggle to attract the talent. That's a risk because you need the talent in organizations to do well. But there are also, for example, opportunities.You know, we are aware, for example, of that there are commercial opportunities related to sustainable products, sustainable services virtually in every industry today. We see segments in markets that do value sustainability. Okay? So there are real conver opportunities there, opportunities related to sustainable finance. This means your ability to attract the capital, to lower the cost of capital.……</p> <p class="ql-block">But I wanted to tell a little bit more about compliance very quickly because I don't have much time left, but there is no doubt that in terms of ES g lose and regulation, the European union is the most advanced region in the world, okay? That is a really a very comprehensive ESG environmental, social and governance framework and many other regions, Asia, Americas, Africa are kind of a copying from a policymaking perspective.What the European union is doing, because they've been really first movers in this space of energy compliance, they have developed a very comprehensive framework to promote, for example, a circular business models to promote the decarbonisation of industry, to promote sustainability in financial services.……A very comprehensive approach and this is a fast changing environment, but I wanted to give you an example of a couple of initiatives, a couple of directives that are also relevant for Chinese organizations, okay? So one initiative that is, so some of these initiatives by the way are being reviewed at the time we speak, okay? But let me tell you what is in place at the moment, so what popular initiative is called the CSRP.Corporate sustainability reporting directive and as it is, as it is because it's going to be changed, but as it is, this directive is making the sustainability reporting mandatory for organizations with more than 250 employees in Europe, okay.……Reporting you should follow the very specific protocols, but to give you an idea of the impact of this directive as it is, this means that in 2025 and 2026 you should expect fifty five zero companies in Europe, reporting on sustainability for the very first time is like seven zero in Italy only, okay? So basically with these type of initiatives you really move the topic from the corporate level and the big corporations.To their supply chains yes. Okay, so you really drive change in industry. Now what is interesting is that these directives, they not only apply to European companies, but they also apply to international companies trading in Europe generating more than hundred million Euros a year. Okay? So there are Chinese.……There are organizations affected, okay, um, so I think it was last year that for the first time, student here asked the question about this directive in the context of the strategy class because the these topics are becoming relevant. Um, something also interesting, which is not pure compliance but related, is the fact that today companies are exposed to an entire ESG ecosystem.Stakeholders that were not existing in business 20 years ago, the most critical ones for companies, especially large corporations, are rating agencies, rating agencies that assess the environmental, social and governance performance of companies so they keep a score and the debt affects the ability of companies to attract the capital.……</p> <p class="ql-block">It's got major consequences and if you are basically, you know, looking at, for example, companies that lever in recent years of sustainable financial solution, so they are particularly exposed to the judgment of these rating agencies.……Is man from Peru, living on a village, on basically mountains in Peru, and he started the climate litigation with the help of a specialized law firm against airwe is one of the largest energy companies in the world, headquartered and originally from Germany what is the problem basically on these mountains? Mountains.There used to be ice, but because of climate change the ice started melting years ago and the ice melting created the lake. The lake was basically threatening his village. So they had to basically create new infrastructure there to protect the village from this new lake that was being created by the island. They did research these specialized.……That air e is responsible for 0.3% of global carbon emissions. So they started the climate litigation saying you are responsible for 0.3% of global carbon emissions. This means that you are responsible for 0.3% for what is happening on those mountains. These means we want you to pay 0.3% of the bill we paid to basically, you know.Make the infrastructure more resilient to this situation you do the numbers is really stupid money. The climate litigation is for less than 20,000 dollars these already costing the millions in legal fees. Why that? Because if the logic goes through this becomes the worst nightmare ever for corporations because the logic could be used.……Okay, so this is why, you know, this is still going on keeping us. Now there is a cherry and the cake in this story and that mean they don't even have operations in Peru. So how fascinating it is, you have a citizen from a state that is taking legal action with a corporation quarter in another state and they don't have operations in this estate. It seems crazy, but it's what it is, right? It's quite interesting.Now, so why, you know, today companies are developing these type of strategies or what there is there to win? I guess on one side, this topic is becoming, you know, a survival topic for some organizations, okay, especially in certain industries where you have real sustainability problems, so I do a lot of public speaking.……</p> <p class="ql-block">Continuously is that see corporations going bankrupt because they get wrong. Okay so it is survival topic for business but it's not just survival, it's also about being a competitor. Today there are organizations that do understand the opportunities associated to sustainable business models and sustainable strategies, and therefore they are leveraging this as part of their plans and agendas.And this is basically helping them to become more competitive. So again, this is a slide from the book because at a certain point someone asked me, you know, how to classify the different behavior of corporations when they engage with transformation.……If you're dealing with companies in one of these two categories, their approach to sustainability tends to be veryac tends to be very reactive and most likely sustainability is a cost for them, most likely because they don't have mechanisms to monetize sustainability. For me it's very interesting when you go over this line and you see companies that you know, use sustainability as part of their strategies to be different.So for differentiation, differentiation of products, differentiation of services, and differentiation of business models, okay, you name it, but I invite you to do an exercise, go on Alibaba, search for clickers, then search again and add in front of it the word green or sustainable so green tickers or sustainable tickers, I can tell.……</p> <p class="ql-block">Continuously is that see corporations going bankrupt because they get wrong. Okay so it is survival topic for business but it's not just survival, it's also about being a competitor. Today there are organizations that do understand the opportunities associated to sustainable business models and sustainable strategies, and therefore they are leveraging this as part of their plans and agendas.And this is basically helping them to become more competitive. So again, this is a slide from the book because at a certain point someone asked me, you know, how to classify the different behavior of corporations when they engage with transformation.……If you're dealing with companies in one of these two categories, their approach to sustainability tends to be veryac tends to be very reactive and most likely sustainability is a cost for them, most likely because they don't have mechanisms to monetize sustainability. For me it's very interesting when you go over this line and you see companies that you know, use sustainability as part of their strategies to be different.So for differentiation, differentiation of products, differentiation of services, and differentiation of business models, okay, you name it, but I invite you to do an exercise, go on Alibaba, search for clickers, then search again and add in front of it the word green or sustainable so green tickers or sustainable tickers, I can tell.……</p> <p class="ql-block">There is someone buying these type of sustainable products and there is someone producing these type of sustainable products, so there is an entire market there, okay? So this is basically an opportunity for companies to develop differentiation strategies, and then there are some companies that decided really to push it in their strategies and business models, up to the point that they develop a real competitive advantage thanks to their sustainability strategies, okay? So that is a very interesting.Level and here basically you have companies that tend to have a very strategic approach to sustainability, very proactive, and normally companies that do make money with sustainable transformation.……Topic specifically plays also another important role because there is evidence from research that basically at end, when you engage jour of sustainable transformation, substantially what you're doing is a change management and to create the conditions for change management in the company, you need to transform the culture of the company, okay? So that's where you know that plays a role, okay and also there also interesting research showing that.Successful sustainability leaders, they tend to develop a very original narratives for change and you know, they really invest on the development of the culture of the organization, so I think it's an important factor.……It was wonder more that is more practical individual initiative or best vers? Now, as I said at the very beginning, if I understand correctly the question, I think a sustainable development of society is something that involves many stakeholders.So you have a government playing a very important role, business playing a very important role, and us as individuals and as communities and society playing a very important role, okay? The role is different, but we need all of these stakeholders to come together to push these agendas.……</p> <p class="ql-block">Just staple or not contributing to or supports, so how if most stakeholders justap put they're not contributing to, so how could or whatever is a personal organization, you know, make it work? So I guess first of all, you know, stakeholders, they don't operate in isolation.So they tended to influence each other, right? So if you think about it, you have individuals influencing, you know, business organizations and government, you know, I can give know, the example of an individual, right to work, right? She has basically, you know, mobilized, you know, entire governments and organizations globally to engage with climate action, right? So that's an individual able to kind of.……Companies can, you know, influence the governments, governments can influence the companies and individuals. So basically it is a very connected ecosystem of stakeholders that play, you know, together a very important role. Okay, thank you very one question there. Thank you Paul. I have a question. I'm from insurance industry. Very good. Just as you mentioned, it's quite a competitive industry.As you mentioned, due to climate change I think, but I think also in China every industry is highly competitive, I'm not so, so my question is like in world we always think that the program in long run we should do something difficult but.……And many corporates, many companies tend to do something short to achieve and whether or not they know it is correct or but easy to achieve, maybe show a better but for companies to be level to to be sustainable or on your side.A sustainable level, we should build a competitive advantage or even differentiations in a in China highly what is the solution for small and medium.……Written I speak for example, about how organizations today are linking executive pay ESG performance as a mechanism to push long term CY. This means that your boss at the end of the year becomes linked to specific environmental and social criteria, and potentially your bonus is not only known like an annual bonus.But your performance and your decisions that you take today are going to be assessed two years from now, three years from now. So there are companies like, for example, central bank in France, a big construction and engineering firm that introduced the KPIs, vol sectors and policies of their executives that take into consideration on the long term.……</p> <p class="ql-block">Even if these managers and executives leave the company two years later, two years later they are receiving a percentage of the bonus and that bon is linked to decisions they took three years before. So at that point if your bonus is spread over time it goes in the long term your decision making is pushed in that direction. Okay so I believe there is that. So basically executive compensation is a mechanism um.But I also believe that there is a cultural element there so you need to educate managers and executives to think differently and the third, I guess you really need to understand the business case because if you understand the business case for change, most likely you're going to start strategizing in a different way and you shift slowly from short term decisions to long term decisions.……So of course this is different from company to company also based on the governance of the company, okay? So if you are a listed company, of course you really suffer the pressure of your shareholders and they tend to push you to focus on the short term and if you are for example, a privately owned company or a family business, you know, privately owned, you could take decisions that are more long term.And in fact, there is research showing that family businesses, because they are driven by the desire to lead the business in the future generations, they tend to think for the long term and this has a positive impact on their sustainability performance. Good question. You are getting the work book? Yeah.……</p> <p class="ql-block">Topic specifically plays also another important role because there is evidence from research that basically at end, when you engage jour of sustainable transformation, substantially what you're doing is a change management and to create the conditions for change management in the company, you need to transform the culture of the company, okay? So that's where you know that plays a role, okay and also there also interesting research showing that.Successful sustainability leaders, they tend to develop a very original narratives for change and you know, they really invest on the development of the culture of the organization, so I think it's an important factor.……It was wonder more that is more practical individual initiative or best vers? Now, as I said at the very beginning, if I understand correctly the question, I think a sustainable development of society is something that involves many stakeholders.So you have a government playing a very important role, business playing a very important role, and us as individuals and as communities and society playing a very important role, okay? The role is different, but we need all of these stakeholders to come together to push these agendas.……Just staple or not contributing to or supports, so how if most stakeholders justap put they're not contributing to, so how could or whatever is a personal organization, you know, make it work? So I guess first of all, you know, stakeholders, they don't operate in isolation.So they tended to influence each other, right? So if you think about it, you have individuals influencing, you know, business organizations and government, you know, I can give know, the example of an individual, right to work, right? She has basically, you know, mobilized, you know, entire governments and organizations globally to engage with climate action, right? So that's an individual able to kind of.……And many corporates, many companies tend to do something short to achieve and whether or not they know it is correct or but easy to achieve, maybe show a better but for companies to be level to to be sustainable or on your side.A sustainable level, we should build a competitive advantage or even differentiations in a in China highly what is the solution for small and medium.……Written I speak for example, about how organizations today are linking executive pay ESG performance as a mechanism to push long term CY. This means that your boss at the end of the year becomes linked to specific environmental and social criteria, and potentially your bonus is not only known like an annual bonus.But your performance and your decisions that you take today are going to be assessed two years from now, three years from now. So there are companies like, for example, central bank in France, a big construction and engineering firm that introduced the KPIs, vol sectors and policies of their executives that take into consideration on the long term.……We speak about the importance of connecting the topic of sustainable transformation with the topic of digital transformation. So sustainable transformation should be based on data, should be data driven, but it should be also digitally enabled. This means that today we have a lot of digital technologies that can really help you to gather better data, to analyze data, to reduce, for example, a certain type of issues in the business that you create.Environmental problems so digital transformation is extremely good for sustainability. Okay so you want to make to create a connection between the two agendas. They are not separate, they talk to each other. Um I guess if I remember well actually there is a full chapter in the book dedicated dedicated to this.……Um, it's a very so when we speak about, for example, the new technologies, we also need to understand the environmental and social implications associated between new technologies, okay? So, for example, now there is a huge debate about AI, artificial intelligence, because of course, we know that it's going to be a revolution for business and we start understanding the potential of just at the beginning.Of this revolution. But even if we are at the beginning, we already realized that artificial intelligence solutions consume a lot of energy. So that's that creates an environmental problem that we need to manage. We understand that.……Solutions could create ethical problems. We understand that artificial intelligence solutions could have biases in the way they are built that we need I guess to address. So this is basically to say when we for example, look at new technologies and we need to reflect on environmental and social implications of these new technologies are from the very beginning. Okay and that again is a topic in your field.……Two more questions, wonder and wonder, yes.……</p> <p class="ql-block">All this uh, I from family business just like you mentioned a second and third generation of the company actually cares more about public social responsibilities, about yes initiatives. I'm just wondering if you have any insight in terms of how to transfer top down strategy approach actually directing our company's efforts.Uh, ESG and capacity building, and also collaborating with global compact and planning to establish this multi functional team, and trying to align our business with the u sustainable development goals.……Yeah OK try to make AI guess comment comment number one, because trying business you recently to combine top down and bottom up approaches not really one or the other okay, very is a combination of the two first second comment there is a plenty of research showing that for sustainable transformation.You need the leadership support, okay? So certain agendas and certain investments, you know, very often are only possible if the leaders of the organization do understand the strategic value of sustainability, okay? So in basically organizations, and today we have a problem, we have different generations at work.……Please managers, executives and been educated in a different way and not necessarily they understand the topic of especially because this topic is quite new okay, I'm gonna give you an example. I started mya about 20 years ago when I started my MBA, nobody spoke about sustainability program today if you study an MBA program like the one that we offer.Accredited by the association of MBAs, it is mandatory to integrate sustainability and sustainability, thinking in the program is not enough to have just one volume dedicated to sustainability you should be discussing the sustainability finance, accounting and operations. Okay, so basically you progress more products.……Schools, they are designed to educate the leaders of the future from perspective. Okay? So I guess part of the solution to the problem is education. This is why for example, as a university we, you know, decided one many trainings for corporates with a focus on sustainable transformation because you need to upskill people in organizations.Because once they have the knowledge and they understand the risks and the opportunities, that's when you start creating the conditions for change and the topic becomes interesting to them. But if people don't understand it, they cannot it this was a good question but you might get the book a there was one final question here for the next questions ofarter.……</p> <p class="ql-block">You know, change in the company took place starting from 2012 when the new c o came and basically the new and the division that's important, the vision was that the energy transition is going to happen, we can follow or we can try to be players of this transition. So at the time the company was a very classic energy company producing energy from fossil fuels, cool and gas basically.They decided to invest massively on renewable energies. They initially focused on solar. Then they moved to wind power. When they announced that strategy, investors thought they were crazy and they find it a lot in management. Why? Because at the time at the time producing energy from solar.……Euros per megabattte compared to producing energy from coal that was costing 80 Euros per megawatt. Do you know what is the situation today? Solar is cheaper. So in business you need vision, but strategy is about planning for the long term, right? So you cannot, you know, focus too much on what is the situation today. You need to understand the situation today.But you really need to understand what the situation could be three years from now, six years from now because when you design a new strategies you want to be ready for the future, the present, you know what the situation is. So at times being ready for the future calls for risky, not easy strategic decisions. Okay? So hopefully the example.……World. So you are getting the book and you're getting the book. Thank you very much everyone. Everybody.……</p> <p class="ql-block">北大學子黃雨喬</p><p class="ql-block">黄雨乔个人简介:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">笔名:黄雨乔，字号德君，人称黄公子，北京大学经济学院深圳研究院学子。汉族皇室血统，道家徒孙，佛家弟子，职业诗人，记者，民族音乐创作。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">福建黄峭后裔，化公之孙。祖父黄书兰，祖母吴八妹，外祖父吴炳杨，外祖母黄玉英，父亲黄明俊，母亲吴培凤。黄雨乔多项作品海内外发表，民族音乐作品多个平台录播。</p><p class="ql-block">音乐代表作品 :《向往大海》《山茶花》《天堂的路上有没有风雨》《思念》等等……</p><p class="ql-block">(合作伙伴:刘书先，贺筠筠，索妮娅.崇，拉毛王旭，杨飞，邓利军，郭瑛，许志剛，真諦，冬妮娅，李敏等人……)。</p>