<p class="ql-block"> 在英语阅读中,以“意群”为最小阅读单位的阅读方式是一种高效且准确的方法,它有助于读者快速捕捉句子的核心意思,提高阅读速度和理解力,以下将结合具体例子详细说明这一方法。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">一)意群阅读法的基本概念</p><p class="ql-block"> 意群阅读法(Reading in Sense Groups)是指读者在阅读过程中,根据所掌握的语言知识,尤其是语法知识,将句子划分成若干意群,然后整体理解、领会这些意群的内容。</p><p class="ql-block"> 意群通常包括主语部分、谓语部分、宾语部分、各种从句、作状语或定语的介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语等。</p> <p class="ql-block">二)意群阅读法的具体步骤</p><p class="ql-block">2.1 识别意群</p><p class="ql-block"> 首先,读者需要识别句子中的意群。所谓意群是指一个句子中能够表达相对完整意思的词组、短语、分句或简单句。</p><p class="ql-block"> 例如,在句子“The old man/ who lives next door/ is very kind.”中有三个意群:“The old man”、“who lives next door”和“is very kind”。</p><p class="ql-block">又如:“Tommy Andrews says / the teacher is a silly donkey.”中,有两个意群:“Tommy Andrews says”(主谓)和“ the teacher is a silly donkey.”(从句)</p><p class="ql-block"> 综上,“意群”通常需要根据句子的语法结构和词组/短语的相对独立意义来判断。</p><p class="ql-block">2.2 理解每个意群</p><p class="ql-block"> 理解每个意群的含义,特别是注意意群与意群之间的逻辑关系。</p><p class="ql-block">例句:“After completing her coursework, Sarah decided to take a break and visit her grandparents in the countryside, where she found peace and relaxation among the quiet fields and rolling hills.”</p><p class="ql-block">↑↑上文分成意群后各部分大意</p><p class="ql-block">1> “After completing her coursework”:这部分为Sarah的决定提供了背景→她完成了课程作业;</p><p class="ql-block">2> “Sarah decided to take a break”:这部分是Sarah发起的主要动作→她打算暂停学习;</p><p class="ql-block">3> “and visit her grandparents in the countryside”:这部分详细说明了Sarah休息的目的→她计划去看望她的祖父母,地点是乡村;</p><p class="ql-block">4> “where she found peace and relaxation among the quiet fields and rolling hills”:这部分描述了Sarah访问的结果或体验→乡村的宁静田野和连绵山丘为她带来了一种宁静和放松的感觉。</p><p class="ql-block">↑↑各意群之间的逻辑关系</p><p class="ql-block">1> 时间顺序:第一组意群表达了Sarah在决定休息之前所做事情→完成了课程作业;</p><p class="ql-block">2> 并列(and):第二和第三意群通过“and”连接,表明Sarah决定休息并看望祖父母两个行动;</p><p class="ql-block">3> 结果/后果:第四个意群解释了Sarah去乡村访问的结果,展示了环境如何促进了她的宁静和放松感。</p> <p class="ql-block">2.3 整合信息</p><p class="ql-block"> 将各个意群的信息整合起来,形成对整个句子的完整理解。</p><p class="ql-block"> 综上,可将上述关于的Sarah长句可译为:</p><p class="ql-block"> “完成课程作业后,萨拉决定休息一下,去乡下看望她的祖父母,在宁静的田野和连绵起伏的小山丘之间,她找到了内心的平静与放松。”</p><p class="ql-block">三)意群阅读法的技巧</p><p class="ql-block">3.1 根据标点符号、连词、介词短语等线索,将句子划分为若干个意群。</p><p class="ql-block">例如,在句子“I went to the store, bought some groceries, and then came home.”中,逗号帮助读者将句子划分为三个意群:“I went to the store”、“bought some groceries”和“and then came home”。</p><p class="ql-block">3.2 注意语法结构分析</p><p class="ql-block"> 读者应该熟悉英语的语法结构,以便更好地划分意群。例如,在长难句中,注意把非谓语短语、分词短语、介词短语作为一个意群理解;在复合句中,主句和从句也看作是两个独立的意群等。例如:</p><p class="ql-block">"The research team comprising experts in various fields has made significant progress in developing a new drug that could potentially cure a rare genetic disease."</p><p class="ql-block"> 上句中,“comprising experts in various fields” 分词短语要看作一个描述“研究团队”的意群→“由不同领域专家组成的”。</p><p class="ql-block"> 上句中,“in developing a new drug”是一个介词短语作状语,看作一个意群(在开发新药方面),修饰“made significant progress”。</p><p class="ql-block"> 同样在上句中,“that could potentially cure a rare genetic disease.”这个定语从句应看作一个意群(可能治愈罕见遗传病的),修饰前面的“a new drug”。</p><p class="ql-block">综上,上面句子译为:</p><p class="ql-block">“由各领域专家组成的 研究团队 在开发一种可能治愈罕见遗传病的新药方面 取得了重大进展。”</p> <p class="ql-block">四)意群阅读的实际应用案例</p><p class="ql-block">案例一:长句理解</p><p class="ql-block">"The company, which has been in the business of manufacturing high-quality electronic products for over two decades, has recently launched a new line of smartphones that are designed to cater to the needs of tech-savvy consumers."</p><p class="ql-block">意群划分:</p><p class="ql-block">"The company"</p><p class="ql-block">"which has been in the business of manufacturing high-quality electronic products for over two decades"</p><p class="ql-block">"has recently launched a new line of smartphones"</p><p class="ql-block">"that are designed to cater to the needs of tech-savvy consumers"</p><p class="ql-block">解析:</p><p class="ql-block">通过意群划分,读者可以清晰地看到句子的主要结构和信息点。首先,句子介绍了“这家公司”;接着,通过定语从句补充了这家公司的背景信息,即“已经从事高质量电子产品制造业务超过二十年”;然后,指出这家公司“最近推出了一款新的智能手机系列”;最后,说明了这些手机的设计目的是“满足技术爱好者的需求”。</p><p class="ql-block">译文:“这家公司从事高品质电子产品制造业务已有二十多年,最近推出了一款新型智能手机,旨在满足精通技术的消费者的需求。”</p> <p class="ql-block">案例二:复合句理解</p><p class="ql-block">"Although he faced many challenges during his journey to the top of the mountain, the climber never gave up and finally reached the summit, where he was greeted by a breathtaking view of the surrounding landscape."</p><p class="ql-block">意群划分:</p><p class="ql-block">"Although he faced many challenges during his journey to the top of the mountain"</p><p class="ql-block">"the climber never gave up"</p><p class="ql-block">"and finally reached the summit"</p><p class="ql-block">"where he was greeted by a breathtaking view of the surrounding landscape"</p><p class="ql-block">解析:</p><p class="ql-block">这个句子是一个包含状语从句和定语从句的复合句。通过意群划分,读者可以更容易地理解句子的逻辑关系。首先,让步状语从句“Although he faced many challenges during his journey to the top of the mountain”说明了攀登者面临的挑战;接着,主句“the climber never gave up and finally reached the summit”展示了攀登者的坚持和成功;最后,定语从句“where he was greeted by a breathtaking view of the surrounding landscape”描述了攀登者到达山顶后所看到的壮丽景色。</p><p class="ql-block">译文:“尽管在攀登山顶的过程中他面临了许多挑战,但这位登山者从未放弃,并最终到达了山顶,在那里他欣赏到了周围令人叹为观止的景色。”</p><p class="ql-block">案例三:并列句理解</p><p class="ql-block">"She enjoys reading books, watching movies, and playing tennis in her free time, all of which help her relax and unwind after a long day at work."</p><p class="ql-block">意群划分:</p><p class="ql-block">"She enjoys reading books"</p><p class="ql-block">"watching movies"</p><p class="ql-block">"and playing tennis in her free time"</p><p class="ql-block">"all of which help her relax and unwind after a long day at work"</p><p class="ql-block">解析:</p><p class="ql-block">这个句子是一个并列句,通过并列连词“and”连接了三个并列的谓语短语。通过意群划分,读者可以清晰地看到句子中的三个并列活动:“阅读书籍”、“观看电影”和“打网球”。此外,句子末尾的非限制性定语从句“all of which help her relax and unwind after a long day at work”进一步解释了这些活动对攀登者的积极影响。</p><p class="ql-block">译文:“她喜欢在空闲时间读书、看电影和打网球,这些都能帮助她在工作一天后放松身心。”</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">五)总结</p><p class="ql-block"> 意群阅读法通过将句子划分为若干个意群,帮助读者更好地理解句子的结构和信息点。在实际应用中,无论是长句、复合句还是并列句,意群阅读法都能显著提高阅读效率和理解能力。通过不断练习和积累,读者可以逐渐掌握这一阅读方法,并在英语阅读中取得更好的成绩。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p>