最後的貴族

琳燕

看看这位画中人，皮肤松弛、头发稀疏、目光呆滞，像是老寿星和裘千仞的综合低配版。再看他的服装，一身铠甲、上覆貂皮，手执权杖。盔甲上的红十字是圣斯蒂芬骑士团的标志，这是由美第奇家族建立并领导的一个骑士团。画中人正是大名鼎鼎的美第奇家族的当家人，托斯卡纳大公科西莫三世（Cosimo III de' Medici,1642-1723，1670-1723年在位）。 尼科洛．卡萨纳（传）Attributed to NICCOLÒ CASSANA亲王费迪南多•德•美第奇肖像Portrait of Grand Prince Ferdinando de' Medicic. 1695布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi02 X02.未代美第奇•••这里一排三个人是兄弟姐妹，他们都是刚才科西莫三世的子女。当大公的爵位传到这一代，一个比人口骤减、经济衰退更严重的危机出现了，生育危机。接下来我要讲的，就是一场两代人、半个世纪的生娃大战。中间头戴高颅顶大波浪假发的是科西莫三世的大儿子，叫费迪南德（Ferdinando de' Medici ,1663-1713，Grand Prince of Tuscany），他是大公头衔的第一继承人。费迪南德娶了一个在政治上很划算，但很丑的老婆，对妻子的厌恶和梅毒的折磨，让他不仅没有子嗣，自己也没能活过老爸，在50岁时就去世了。 扬•弗兰斯•范•杜文JAN FRANS VAN DOUVEN普法尔茨选帝侯夫人安娜•玛丽亚•路易萨•德•美第奇肖像Portrait of Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, Electress Palatine c. 1700布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi 马丁•范• 梅滕斯MARTIN VAN MEYTENS神圣罗马帝国皇帝弗朗茨一世、哈布斯堡家族的玛丽亚•特蕾莎与其十三个子女的肖像Portrait of Emperor Francis I, Maria Theresa of Habsburg and their Thirteen Childrenc. 1756布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi03 弗朗西斯科•戈雅-卢西恩特斯FRANCISCO GOYA Y LUCIENTES玛丽亚•特蕾莎•德•瓦拉布里加的骑马肖像Equestrian Portrait of María Teresa de Vallabriga1783-1784布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil en canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi06 尼古拉•范•胡布拉肯NICOLA VAN HOUBRAKEN艺术家弗朗索瓦•里维埃肖像Portrait of the Artist François Rivière c. 1720布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas. Gallerie degli Uffizi 克洛德•约瑟夫•韦尔内CLAUDE JOSEPH VERNET在意大利海港外、暴风雨中的沉船A Shipwreck in Stormy SeasOutside an Italian Harbour1743-1748布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi10 克洛德•约瑟夫•韦尔内CLAUDE JOSEPH VERNET峡谷瀑布旁的渔民Fishermen by a Waterfall in a Gorge1743-1748布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi 乔瓦尼•安东尼奥•卡纳尔，又名卡纳莱托GIOVANNI ANTONIO CANEL, known as CANALETTO随想画：环礁湖边的坟墓Capriccio with a Tomb by the Lagoon1756-1760布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi11 乔瓦尼：安东尼奥•卡纳尔，又名卡纳莱托GIOVANNI ANTONIO CANEL,known as CANALETTO随想画：环礁湖边的房屋与钟塔Capriccio with a House and Bell Towerby the Lagoon1756-1760布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi 阿历山德罗•马尼亚斯ALESSANDRO MAGNASCO训练有素的喜鹊The Trained Magpie1703-1708布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi12 朱塞佩•玛丽亚•克雷斯皮GIUSEPPE MARIA CRESPI沐浴的女人或“跳蚤”Woman Washing Herself or "The Flea"1710年后Post-1710铜板油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on copper, Gallerie degli Uffizi 朱塞佩•玛丽亚•克雷斯皮GIUSEPPE MARIA CRESPI在斯皮内琴旁的歌手与仰慕者Singer at the Spinet with an Admirer1730-1735布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi13 马尔坎托尼奥•弗兰切斯基尼MARCANTONIO FRANCESCHINI拉弓的丘比特，又名爱战胜一切Cupid Drawing a Bow (or Amor vincit omnia)1697-1698布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi 皮埃尔-安托万•奎亚尔（传）Attributed to PIERRE ANTOINEQUILLARD吹笛者The Flute Player1725-1730布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi16 科拉多•贾昆托CORRADO GIAQUINTO圣母玛利亚的诞生The Birth of the Virgin Mary1752-1753布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi20 蓬佩奥•巴托尼POMPEO BATONI半人马凯龙对阿喀琉斯的教育The Education of Achilles1746布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi23 托马索•盖拉尔迪尼TOMMASO GHERARDINI在利沃诺码头庆祝彼得罗•利奥波德的到来Festival at the Dock in Livorno in Celebration of Peter Leopold's Visit to the City c. 1766布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi24 乔瓦尼•安东尼奥•卡纳尔，又名卡纳莱托GIOVANNI ANTONIO CANEL,known as CANALETTO威尼斯总督府景观View of the Ducal Palace in Veniceс. 1735-1750布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi 乔瓦尼•安东尼奥•卡纳尔，又名卡纳莱托GIOVANNI ANTONIO CANEL,known as CANALETTO大运河景观View of the Grand Canal1726-1728布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi25二 托马斯•帕奇THOMAS PATCH佛罗伦萨阿诺河景观View of the Arno in Florencec. 1760布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi 迈克尔•乌特基MICHAEL WUTKY蒂沃利瀑布The Tivoli Waterfall1781布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi 安东尼奥•乔奇ANTONIO CIOCI领主广场上的节日Festival in Piazza della Signoria18世纪80年代1780s布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi 托马斯•帕奇THOMAS PATCH那不勒斯湾和背景中喷发的维苏威火山的景观View of the Bay of Naples withVesuvius Erupting in the Background1767-1777布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi 安东尼奥•乔利的工作室Workshop of ANTONIO JOLI那不勒斯湾和远处维苏威火山的景观View of the Bay of Naples with Vesuvius in the Distance1755-1759布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi 罗马艺术家UNIDENTIFIED ROMAN ARTIST以圣天使城堡和梵蒂冈为背景的台伯河景观View of the Tiber with Castel Sant'Angelo and the Vatican in the Background1730-1740布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi 扬弗兰斯范杜文JAN FRANS VAN DOUVEN身着西班牙风格服饰的普法尔茨选侯肖像Portrait of the Palatine Electors Dressed in the Spanish Style1695布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi 安吉莉卡•考夫曼ANGELICA KAUFFMANN身着阿尔卑斯山典型服饰的自画像Self-Portrait in the Traditional Costumeof the Alps1763布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi 弗朗索瓦•里维埃尔FRANCOIS RIVIERE奥斯曼夫妇和一只鹦鹉An Ottoman Couple with a Parrot1714布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi 乔瓦尼•卡米洛•萨格雷斯塔尼（传）Attributed to GIOVANNI CAMILLOSAGRESTANI熟睡的苏丹A Sultana Sleeping1726-1728木板油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on panel, Gallerie degli Uffizi 让-艾蒂安•利奥塔JEAN-ETIENNE LIOTARD一位穿着土耳其服装的女士正在阅读A Lady in Turkish Dress Reading1753布面油画，乌菲齐美术馆Oil on canvas, Gallerie degli Uffizi28 中国工艺制品CHINESE PRODUCTION中国外销画Chinese Export Paintingsc. 1770纸上粉彩，乌菲齐美术馆Tempera on paper, Gallerie degli Uffizi