<p class="ql-block">小麦与水稻轮作区，麦田杂草以菵草、硬草、看麦娘、猪殃殃、牛繁缕、野老鹳草、稻槎菜、救荒野豌豆为主；</p><p class="ql-block">小麦与玉米、棉花、花生等轮作，则以播娘蒿、荠菜、藜、雀麦、节节麦为主。</p><p class="ql-block">西北春麦区,卷茎蓼、萹蓄、刺儿菜、苣荬菜、密花香薷、细果角茴香、问荆、野燕麦、狗尾草等，新疆冬麦田则有较多的野燕麦、藜、萹蓄、刺儿菜、苣荬菜、苦苣菜、玫红山黧豆、冬葵、麦蓝菜、狼紫草、野胡麻、油菜自生苗、狗尾草等。</p><p class="ql-block">正确识别杂草是科学防控的基础。为了适应除草剂使用需求，杂草图谱以幼苗为主。本期北方杂草幼苗，除特别注明拍摄者的以外，其他均为本团队的专家自己拍摄。</p> <p class="ql-block">1、紫草科</p> <p class="ql-block">麦家公</p> <p class="ql-block">附地菜</p> <p class="ql-block">鹤虱</p> <p class="ql-block">微孔草（左图 魏有海摄；右图 周小刚摄）</p> <p class="ql-block">2、大麻科</p> <p class="ql-block">葎草</p> <p class="ql-block">3、石竹科</p> <p class="ql-block">牛繁缕</p> <p class="ql-block">繁缕</p> <p class="ql-block">麦瓶草</p> <p class="ql-block">4、藜科</p> <p class="ql-block">藜（灰菜）</p> <p class="ql-block">小藜</p> <p class="ql-block">灰绿藜</p> <p class="ql-block">地肤</p> <p class="ql-block">猪毛菜</p> <p class="ql-block">刺梨</p> <p class="ql-block">尖叶藜</p> <p class="ql-block">菊叶香藜（周小刚摄</p> <p class="ql-block">5、菊科</p> <p class="ql-block">刺儿菜</p> <p class="ql-block">大刺儿菜</p> <p class="ql-block">泥胡菜</p> <p class="ql-block">苦菜</p> <p class="ql-block">苣荬菜</p> <p class="ql-block">蒲公英</p> <p class="ql-block">小飞蓬</p> <p class="ql-block">黄花蒿（周小刚摄</p> <p class="ql-block">飞廉（魏有海摄</p> <p class="ql-block">芫荽菊（周小刚摄</p> <p class="ql-block">苦苣菜（周小刚摄</p> <p class="ql-block">6、旋花科</p> <p class="ql-block">田旋花</p> <p class="ql-block">打碗花</p> <p class="ql-block">藤长苗</p> <p class="ql-block">篱打碗花</p> <p class="ql-block">圆叶牵牛</p> <p class="ql-block">7、十字花科</p> <p class="ql-block">独行菜</p> <p class="ql-block">播娘蒿</p> <p class="ql-block">荠菜</p> <p class="ql-block">小花糖芥</p> <p class="ql-block">离子芥</p> <p class="ql-block">球果蔊菜</p> <p class="ql-block">二月兰</p> <p class="ql-block">遏蓝菜</p> <p class="ql-block">野油菜</p> <p class="ql-block">8.木贼科</p> <p class="ql-block">节节草</p> <p class="ql-block">问荆</p> <p class="ql-block">9.大戟科</p> <p class="ql-block">泽漆</p> <p class="ql-block">10.牦牛苗科</p> <p class="ql-block">野老鹳草</p> <p class="ql-block">11.唇形科</p> <p class="ql-block">密花香薷</p> <p class="ql-block">鼬瓣花</p> <p class="ql-block">野薄荷</p> <p class="ql-block">12.豆科</p> <p class="ql-block">米口袋</p> <p class="ql-block">玫红山黧豆</p> <p class="ql-block">救荒野豌豆</p> <p class="ql-block">天蓝苜蓿</p> <p class="ql-block">13.亚麻科</p> <p class="ql-block">野亚麻</p> <p class="ql-block">14.锦葵科</p> <p class="ql-block">冬葵</p> <p class="ql-block">15.罂粟科</p> <p class="ql-block">细果角茴香</p> <p class="ql-block">16.车前科</p> <p class="ql-block">车前</p> <p class="ql-block">长叶车前</p> <p class="ql-block">17.蓼科</p> <p class="ql-block">酸模叶蓼</p> <p class="ql-block">尼泊尔蓼</p> <p class="ql-block">西伯利亚蓼</p> <p class="ql-block">苦荞麦</p> <p class="ql-block">卷茎蓼</p> <p class="ql-block">叉分蓼</p> <p class="ql-block">萹蓄</p> <p class="ql-block">两栖蓼</p> <p class="ql-block">柳叶刺蓼</p> <p class="ql-block">齿果酸模</p> <p class="ql-block">18.毛茛科</p> <p class="ql-block">扬子毛茛</p> <p class="ql-block">19.蔷薇科</p> <p class="ql-block">鹅绒委陵菜</p> <p class="ql-block">20.茜草科</p> <p class="ql-block">猪殃殃</p> <p class="ql-block">21.玄参科</p> <p class="ql-block">通泉草</p> <p class="ql-block">婆婆纳</p> <p class="ql-block">地黄</p> <p class="ql-block">22.伞形科</p> <p class="ql-block">蛇床</p> <p class="ql-block">野胡萝卜</p> <p class="ql-block">23.鸭跖草科</p> <p class="ql-block">鸭跖草</p> <p class="ql-block">24.萝藦科</p> <p class="ql-block">地稍瓜</p> <p class="ql-block">25.天南星科</p> <p class="ql-block">半夏</p> <p class="ql-block">26.紫葳科</p> <p class="ql-block">角蒿</p> <p class="ql-block">27.禾本科</p> <p class="ql-block">节节麦</p> <p class="ql-block">看麦娘</p> <p class="ql-block">看麦娘穗部</p> <p class="ql-block">日本看麦娘</p> <p class="ql-block">大穗看麦娘</p> <p class="ql-block">雀麦</p> <p class="ql-block">旱雀麦</p> <p class="ql-block">野燕麦</p> <p class="ql-block">菵草</p> <p class="ql-block">多花黑麦草</p> <p class="ql-block">小子虉草</p> <p class="ql-block">鬼烛草</p> <p class="ql-block">早熟禾</p> <p class="ql-block">棒头草</p>