<p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">原文(简):</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">天命之谓性,率性之谓道,修道之谓教。道也者,不可须臾离也,可离,非道也。是故君子戒慎乎其所不睹,恐惧乎其所不闻。莫见乎隐,莫显乎微。故君子慎其独也。</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">喜、怒、哀、乐之未发,谓之中。发而皆中节,谓之和。中也者,天下之大本也。和也者,天下之达道也。致中和,天地位焉,万物育焉。</b></p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">註解:</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">(1)天命:天赋。朱熹解释说:“天以阴阳五行化生万物,气以成形,而理亦赋焉,犹命令也。”(《中庸章句》)所以,这里的天命(天赋)实际上就是指的人的自然禀赋,并无神秘色彩。</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">(2)率性:遵循本性,率,遵循,按照,</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">(3)莫:在这里是“没有什么更……”的意思。见(xian):显现,明显。乎:于,在这里有比较的意味。</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">(4)中(zhong):符合。</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">(5)节:节度法度。</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">(6)致,达到。</b></p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">白话文:</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;"> 人的自然禀赋叫做“性”,顺着本性行事叫做“道”,按照“道”的原则修养叫做“教”。“道”是不可以片刻离开的,如果可以离开,那就不是“道”了。所以,品德高尚的人在没有人看见的地方也是谨慎的,在没有人听见的地方也是有所戒惧的。越是隐蔽的地方越是明显,越是细微的地方越是显著。所以,品德高尚的人在一人独处的时候也是谨慎的。喜怒哀乐没有表现出来的时候,叫做“中”;表现出来以后符合节度,叫做“和”。“中”,是人人都有的本性;“和”,是大家遵循的原则。达到“中和”的境界,天地便各在其位了,万物便生长繁育了。</b></p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">原文(繁):</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">天命之謂性,率性之謂道,修道之謂教。道也者,不可須臾離也,可離,非道也。是故君子戒慎乎其所不睹,恐懼乎其所不聞。莫見乎隱,莫顯乎微。故君子慎其獨也。</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">喜、怒、哀、樂之未發,謂之中。發而皆中節,謂之和。中也者,天下之大本也。和也者,天下之達道也。致中和,天地位焉,萬物育焉。</b></p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">英译:</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">The ordinance of God is what we call the law of our being(性).To fulfill the law of our being is what we call the moral law (道). The moral law when reduced to a system is what we call religion(教).</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">The moral law is a law from whose operation we cannot for one instant in our existence escape.A law from which we may escape is not the moral law.Wherefore it is that the moral man(君子)watches diligently over what his eyes cannot see and is in fear and awe of what his ears cannot hear.</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">There is nothing more evident than what cannot be seen by the eyes and nothing more palpable than what cannot be perceived by the senses. Wherefore the moral man watches diligently over his secret thoughts.</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">When the passions,such as joy, anger,grief and pleasure, have not awakened, that is our true self(中)or moral being.When these passions awaken and each and all attain due measure and degree,that is the moral order (和). Our true self or moral being is the great reality (大本 lit. great root) of existence,and moral order is the universal law(达道)in the world.</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">When true moral being and moral order are re-alised,the universe then becomes a cosmos and all things attain their full growth and development.</b></p>