《雨巷》九个英译版本比较研究

云州三峡

<p class="ql-block">  </p><p class="ql-block"> 以中国现代诗歌之中的名篇《雨巷》的九个英译版本进行研究对象,进行对比研究与翻译探讨,对中国现代诗歌的翻译进行了思考,探寻诗歌翻译过程中的独特魅力。</p><p class="ql-block"> 回顾中国现代诗的历史,戴望舒必定是不可缺席的一位名家。著名的“雨巷诗人”戴望舒一生创作了九十多首诗歌,这其中以《雨巷》最为著名、成就最高,凭借兼具中国传统韵致与西方象征手法的风格,和极富音乐性的语言,为中国现代诗坛开辟了新天地。近百年来,戴望舒的诗不但广为中国读者所拥趸,也收获了许多外国读者的喜爱,被翻译成许多译本,在国外流传。</p><p class="ql-block"> 本文选用的九种《雨巷》英译本的译者分别是杨宪益、戴乃迭夫妇,许景城,叶维廉,丁祖馨,朱曼华,唐正秋,Gregory B. Lee,Michelle Yeh,Rewi Alley。笔者以这九个译本为范例,联系许渊冲先生提出的“三美”原则,以忠实、对等的角度,从译者对原诗的理解、译诗的形式风格以及音韵三方面进行了对比研究。以期对中国现代诗歌翻译中的某些问题做一透视,并对中国文化“走出去”事业做出更多的贡献。</p><p class="ql-block">一.戴望舒和他的《雨巷》</p><p class="ql-block">(一)《雨巷》之于中国现代诗坛</p><p class="ql-block">戴望舒以“雨巷诗人”闻名于中国现当代文学史,是早期象征诗派的领军人物。余光中先生赞他“上承中国古典的余泽,旁采法国象征派的残芬,不但领袖当时的象征派作者,抑且遥启现代派诗风。”[1]</p><p class="ql-block">1927年夏,时值蒋介石发动的“四一二”反革命政变之际,作为爱国诗人的戴望舒不得不避居在友人施蛰存家中,并在这过程中,爱上了施蛰存的妹妹施绛年。可惜的是,这只是一段单恋。在政治理想的幻灭与爱情思慕的渴念中,戴望舒写下了这首《雨巷》,于1928年发表,当即引起新诗界的热烈反响,他也由此得名“雨巷诗人”。</p><p class="ql-block">叶圣陶先生称《雨巷》“替新诗的音节开了一个新纪元。”[2]因此可以说《雨巷》是中国新诗史上的开创性诗篇,也是中国新诗诗歌观念嬗变过程中至关重要的一节。</p><p class="ql-block">这首诞生于中国新旧社会交替之际的《雨巷》,滲透着中国古典诗词中的婉约美学,但又摆脱了自由诗的莽撞奔放,和格律诗的呆板拘谨,同时,亦融合了西方象征派的朦胧情绪,兼容并包着现代象征与古典抒怀共存的艺术魅力。不仅成为了中国新诗史上的经典,也成为了中国新诗翻译之路上不可忽视的“必修课”。</p><p class="ql-block">(二)《雨巷》,政治诗?爱情诗?</p><p class="ql-block">由于《雨巷》创作于1927年夏的白色恐怖氛围之中,且表现出了迷惘的情绪和朦胧的希望,故该诗被一些学者认为是大革命失败后作者慨叹时局的产物,是当时黑暗社会现实和理想幻灭的缩影。</p><p class="ql-block">但笔者认为,这并非是一首政治诗,而是一首所见即所得的情诗。诚然,《雨巷》的创作势必受到社会世俗情境的影响,但非要把《雨巷》说成革命诗的人,就和曲解《诗经》的人一样无趣。</p><p class="ql-block">结合戴望舒本人木讷忧郁的性格,和1927年他初遇施绛年便倾心的青涩经历,笔者更倾向于认为《雨巷》是一首如《蒹葭》般寄托思慕的情诗。千年前,有《蒹葭》中的男主追寻着水边偶遇的美丽女子;千年后,有《雨巷》中里的戴望舒牵挂着巷中错肩的丁香姑娘。</p><p class="ql-block">一切诗语皆情语,因此,在译诗之时,对于诗中情感的观照就显得尤为重要。准确识解诗歌中丰富多彩的情感隐喻,是做好《雨巷》翻译的必要准备。</p><p class="ql-block">(三)《雨巷》的艺术特色</p><p class="ql-block">1.中式的婉约清丽</p><p class="ql-block">戴望舒诗歌给人的第一直观感受,是充满古典韵味的忧郁美,这更多地是受到中国古代忧郁诗人的感染。艾青说过:“望舒初期的作品,留着一些不健康的旧诗词的很深的影响,常常流露一种哀叹的情调。”[3]有学者也指出戴望舒“是带着中国晚唐温、李那一路诗的影响进入诗坛的”。[4]这种影响,主要通过他诗歌中整体意境的构思、具体意象和语境的构造以及典故的运用鲜明地体现出来。[5]</p><p class="ql-block">2.西式的象征暗示</p><p class="ql-block">另一方面,戴望舒还深受19世纪末法国象征派的影响,并翻译过波德莱尔、魏尔伦等象征派诗人的诗作。他对于象征派的象征和暗示手法纯熟运用,从而营造出了凄美缥缈的朦胧美学和音律美感。在历来对《雨巷》的评价中,有人认为它是对法国象征派诗人魏尔伦的《秋》的摹拟,“不断以重叠的声音唤起惆怅的感觉”[6]。亦有人认为是对西班牙诗人洛尔伽的《低着头》一诗的摹仿,“戴望舒的‘撑着油纸伞,独自彷徨与洛尔伽的‘低着头,慢慢地走是意象的移植”。[7]</p><p class="ql-block">3.丰富的音乐性</p><p class="ql-block">戴望舒在《雨巷》中吸取了西方诗歌技法,如语言复沓、音韵反复,来强化全诗的音乐性和抒情色彩。还使用了中国古典诗歌常用的“连珠格”的手法,如“在雨中哀怨,哀怨又彷徨”以及“像梦一般地,像梦一般地凄婉迷茫”,让诗句的韵律更上一层楼。</p><p class="ql-block">苏汶曾说,戴望舒在《雨巷》中“追求音律的美, 努力使新诗成为跟旧诗一样地可以‘吟的东西”[8]。</p><p class="ql-block">朱自清评价道,戴望舒氏也取法象征派,注重整齐的音节,但不是铿锵,而是轻清的,也找一点朦胧的气氛,但让人可以看得懂,也有颜色,但不像冯氏乃超那样浓,他是要把捉那幽微的精妙的去处。[9]</p><p class="ql-block">总体来说,《雨巷》的创作之中,既继承了民族的传统,又不乏西诗的痕迹。可以说是在形式上具有现代风格,在意向上继承了中国古典诗词的朦胧婉约,在手法上吸取了西方的特色,可视为中国新诗的里程碑式作品,亦蕴涵着独特和不菲的研究价值。</p><p class="ql-block">二.《雨巷》英译本中译者对诗歌意象与意境的理解</p><p class="ql-block">许渊冲“三美论”中的第一美是“意美”,也是诗歌翻译中最重要的部分。意象是中国古代文艺理论的重要术语,陈伯海认为,历经千百年的岁月,“意象已经成为中国诗学的诗性生命本体”[10]。西方学者也十分注重诗歌中的意象,文学批评家C·D·Lewis曾说过:“意象是诗人的炼金石和荣耀”[11]。因此,能否处理好诗歌意象的翻译问题,关系到诗歌内涵的表达,以及整体意境的再现。</p><p class="ql-block">戴望舒的《雨巷》作为现代诗界的开篇之作,内承中国古典诗词的唯美绮丽,这在他使用的几类意象上有所体现;外鉴西方象征派的朦胧晦涩,这在他使用的诸多意境词上有所体现。戴望舒借用“雨巷”“丁香”“油纸伞”“颓圮的篱墙”等意象,佐以“寂寥”“凄清”“惆怅”等意境词,构建出了一幅烟雨丁香的迷蒙美景,同时寄寓了内心伤感惆怅的情绪。</p><p class="ql-block">(一)意象翻译对比</p><p class="ql-block">1.意象之一:雨巷</p><p class="ql-block">在中国古典诗词中,“雨”多伴愁生,如柳永著名的《雨霖铃》便是以“雨”字入词牌,在诗句中亦以“寒蝉凄切,对长亭晚,骤雨初歇”的雨景描绘出一幕凄然欲泣的离别之境;才子唐寅也有“雨打梨花深闭门,忘了青春,误了青春”的千古丽句。而“巷”指的是中国的城镇道路,《说文解字》:“巷,里中道”。结合1927年戴望舒于杭州作《雨巷》的地理背景,一幅江南巷陌、丁香沐雨的水墨画跃然于纸上。</p><p class="ql-block">对于这样统领全诗的美好意象,九位译者又是如何翻译的呢?</p><p class="ql-block">经过笔者的对比,在九个英译本中,译者们对于“雨”的翻译集中在“in the rain”和“rainy”上,对于“巷”一词亦有着“alley”和“lane”两种诠释。</p><p class="ql-block">首先,rainy一般指多雨的,多与rainy day,rainy night,rainy season等词搭配表示气象。In the rain更有意境。例如,西方经典电影《雨中曲》的原名是《Sing In The Rain》而非《Rainy Song》;美国歌手Lauv的歌曲《雨中巴黎》的原名也是《Paris In The Rain》而非《Rainy Paris》。由此可见,选择“in the rain”更能译出文学作品的文艺气息。</p><p class="ql-block">其次,alley与lane都可指胡同、巷弄,但笔者查阅词典后发现,lane还有一更常用的意思指车道、航线。显然,在本诗中以“alley”译“巷”更为准确。</p><p class="ql-block">2.意象之二:丁香一样地结着愁怨的姑娘</p><p class="ql-block">“丁香般的姑娘”是《雨巷》中最为重要的意象,是本诗的灵魂所在,所以其翻译更是本诗翻译工作的重中之重。</p><p class="ql-block">在中国古诗词中,丁香极得文人雅士的喜爱,如李商隐有诗云:“芭蕉不展丁香结,同向春风各自愁”,尹鹗《何满子》中言“欲表伤离情味,丁香结在心头”等,可见丁香是引愁之物,在古诗中就有娇嫩、美丽、忧愁、脆弱的含义。</p><p class="ql-block">在西方,丁香花的花语是青春时期的回忆、惹人怜爱、轻愁。因此,在翻译时,可以直接使用“lilac”一词。本句的翻译难点应是“结着愁怨”一句,通过表2可以看出,九位译者对此句的理解都不相同。杨宪益、戴乃迭夫妇,朱曼华和Gregory B.Lee都将“愁怨”译为“resentment/resentful”,该词义为“憎恨,憎恶”,放在此处未免不合时宜。许景城的“anxiety”一词义为焦虑,与戴望舒所想表达的轻愁也有出入。</p><p class="ql-block">在把姑娘比作丁香花的意味表达上,除丁祖馨、Rewi Alley外的七位译者都选择了“like a lilac/lilac-like girl”的表达方式,不能说不正确,但总和原诗隔着一层韵味。笔者认为,将该句译得较好的一位译者是丁祖馨,以表示忧郁的“blue”代指轻愁,以“as the lilac bud”来表示姑娘如同含苞待放的丁香一般清丽秀美,而“knits her brows”生动地勾画出一位眉尖轻蹙的忧愁美人,眉头的愁结又可视为心结的隐喻,与“结着忧愁”形成巧妙呼应,保留了原诗的韵味与趣味。</p><p class="ql-block">3.意象之三:油纸伞</p><p class="ql-block">“油纸伞”是中国特色词汇,承载着独属于中国的古典婉约之美。在戴望舒这首《雨巷》之中的“油纸伞”一词,象征着怀旧与浪漫,亦有着漠漠轻寒、幽幽清愁的古典美感。通过这样的怀旧文化,诗人含蓄地将一腔既迷惘感伤又有期待的情怀寄于伞上,以欲说还休似的矜持忧伤,营造出一种朦胧而又幽深的美感。</p><p class="ql-block">在这一词语的翻译处理上,唐正秋、朱曼华都选择以“umbrella”来译,然这一词语太过平常,无益于诗歌意境的营造,也失掉了诗歌中的文学气息。丁祖馨的a light umbrella意思是摄影棚中的亮光伞,与烟雨迷蒙之中的长巷纸伞差之千里矣,堪称是失败翻译的示例。</p><p class="ql-block">余下六位译者均以“油纸伞”的标准翻译oil-paper umbrella進行处理,虽不出彩,但中规中矩,译诗的原意由此得以完整保留。</p><p class="ql-block">4.意象之四:颓圮的篱墙</p><p class="ql-block">诗人的怀乡之情在这一意象之处迎来了高潮。“丁香般的姑娘”渐行渐远,走至“颓圮的篱墙”,倩影消失在篱墙掩映后的远方。此处,“颓圮”的不只是篱墙,亦是诗人爱而不得的悲凉心绪,将全诗的悲情氛围再度升华。</p><p class="ql-block">此处,“颓圮”即为破败、破旧,篱墙,意思是用密植的竹子、树木或交叉的枝条等做成的墙垣。</p><p class="ql-block">杨宪益、戴乃迭夫妇,丁祖馨,Rewi Alley直接将其译为“wall”,生活气息有余而文学气息不足。叶维廉和Gregory B.Lee直接将其限定为“竹墙”,但实际上戴望舒意之所指是否确定是竹墙还未可知。笔者认为,九位译者中,许景城、丁祖馨、唐正秋、朱曼华、Michelle Yeh的翻译都表现出了“篱墙”之态,实现了对原文的忠实。</p><p class="ql-block">(二)意境词翻译对比</p><p class="ql-block">除了上文中提到的四处意象,《雨巷》中还使用了如彷徨、彳亍、寂寥等大量的意境词来烘托氛围、表现心绪。对意境词进行正确的理解与翻译,同样是《雨巷》翻译工作的重点与难点。</p><p class="ql-block">1.意境词之一:步态词</p><p class="ql-block">“彷徨”与“彳亍”的词义相同,都有徘徊、犹豫、漫步缓行之意。介于这个原因,杨宪益、戴乃迭夫妇,唐正秋,Gregory B.Lee,Rewi Alley并未对其进行特殊翻译,而是与“彷徨”处的翻译一视同仁,用感情色彩中性的“walk”代指。</p><p class="ql-block">在这一部分,笔者认为完成得更为巧妙的译者是许景城,他分别用了5个同义词来对应文中出现的4处“彷徨”与一处“彳亍”,在凸显译者的匠心与巧思同时,亦增强了诗歌的音乐感与可读性。</p><p class="ql-block">尤其是第一阕和最后一阕通过“dawdle”和“loiter”来展示诗人前后不同的心境。开始的第一阕用“dawdle”来对应“彷徨”,尽管看似漫无目的,其实暗示了他是有目的性地去逢着一位希望逢着的姑娘。而到了最后一阕,尽管原诗依然使用“彷徨”一词,但此刻的情感已经与首段不同,因为此时诗人已与丁香姑娘擦肩而过,此时的“彷徨”略带有失落、茫然、无目的之感,故用“loiter”较为合适。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block">2.意境词之二:心理词</p><p class="ql-block">《雨巷》之中表示愁思的意境词可谓是“鳞次栉比”,在每节诗中都有这样的意境词出现,不仅承载着延续诗歌清冷氛围的使命,也彰显着诗歌的情感层次,甚至同一词在不同句子中可能需要不同的翻译。对于这些意境词的翻译处理,既不能简单地“一词以蔽之”,又要做到每个词都译得合情合理恰到好处,实非易事。</p><p class="ql-block">对于“寂寥”一词的翻译,在译者们选择的词汇中,silent,quiet表示安静,悄然;sparse表示稀疏、零落;solitary表示独自的、孤零零的;这些词与原诗的“寂寥”相比,显然情感的深度表达不够。lonesome与lonely俱有寂寥、寂寞之义,不过后者更加书面化,也更加适用于本诗。</p><p class="ql-block">在“忧愁”“愁怨”“哀怨”“惆怅”四个同义词的翻译中,杨宪益、戴乃迭夫妇,许景城,朱曼华和Gregory B.Lee所选的“anxiety”以及“resentment”显然不是很合适,而出场率较高的sad,melancholy以及sorrow都能够忠实还原出原诗的意境。</p><p class="ql-block">而第三组“冷漠”“凄清”“凄婉迷茫”三个同义词的含义与“忧愁”“哀愁”等词大体相同,但为了避免简单的机械化重复,译者们各自选择了不同的词汇进行翻译,在正确理解原诗的前提下,实现了译者的创造性发挥。</p><p class="ql-block">三.《雨巷》英译本中译者对诗歌形式风格的把握</p><p class="ql-block">许渊冲“三美论”中的第二美是“形美”,强调了译文形式忠实和美观的重要性。诗歌的形式也就是诗歌的内部结构,包括段落、句数、字数、音节数等。</p><p class="ql-block">《雨巷》全诗共七节,每节六句,长短相间又大致匀称。通过比较研究,我们可以发现,九位译者在译《雨巷》时,都依照原诗的体例,译成了诗歌体的译文也都将诗歌的节数译成了与原诗相当的七节,各句长短相间同时大致匀称。</p><p class="ql-block">在诗歌首尾段的处理方面,我们可以把这九个译文分为两派:朱曼华、Michelle Yeh和Gregory B.Lee的首尾不同派,和其他七位译者的首尾相同派。《雨巷》原诗的首尾语句是相同的,仅在“逢着”“飘过”两个动词处有所改动,在遥相呼应之中升华全诗意境。但在朱曼华、Michelle Yeh和Gregory B.Lee的译本中,分别对首尾内容做了不同的翻译处理。译者并不过于拘泥于原诗的形式布局,在一定程度上实现了“创造性的叛逆”。虽然破坏了原诗回环之美,但倒也不失意趣。</p><p class="ql-block">四.《雨巷》英译本中译者对诗歌音韵的重现</p><p class="ql-block">许渊冲“三美论”中的第三美是“音美”,译者对于诗歌的音韵再现也是评判译文的标准之一。《雨巷》作为一首极富音乐美的现代式,詩中音韵呈现出以下两个特点:</p><p class="ql-block">①每节诗押韵二至三次,间隔有致,一韵到底。</p><p class="ql-block">②每节诗的最后一个字都以“ang”韵结尾。“ang”韵是一个带有明显的回音效果的后鼻音, 在一个空空荡荡的雨巷中回响着这样一种声音,益添“寂寥”与“惆怅”之感。[12]“ang”这一韵母多次出现,既实现了听觉的和谐,也完成了雨中愁绪的艺术氛围和情致。</p><p class="ql-block">通过对比九个译本,我们可以发现,许景城,朱曼华,唐正秋三位译者的译本较为注重押韵,以第一段为例,许景城采用了一、二行压同韵,三、四、五、六行压同韵的翻译策略;朱曼华采取了一、二、三行压同韵,五、六行压同韵的翻译策略;唐正秋采取了一、二行压同韵,四、六行压同韵的翻译策略。由于汉语诗与英语诗在音韵上存在差异,因此这种间隔式押韵的方法十分值得借鉴。比起不押韵的译文,保留音韵的译文更加朗朗上口,亦更有诗歌之美。</p><p class="ql-block">通过《雨巷》各英译本的比较研究,我们可以发现,不同国籍、背景的译者所使用的翻译策略和手法也有所不同。从《雨巷》的翻译来看,在选择词语的准确性上,中国译者稍逊于外国译者;在意象与意境的表现上,外国译者则略差于中国译者。</p><p class="ql-block">钱锺书曾说:“艺之至者,从心所欲而不逾矩”。[13]诗歌翻译隶属于文学翻译,也是艺术的一种,因此,这句话也同样适用于诗歌翻译。不同的译者对同一首诗的理解和表达具有差异性,但不能脱离原诗本意,抛弃其内容和形式进行主观创造。诗歌翻译必须以正确理解原诗为基础,保留原诗风格,尽量保证音韵和谐。既要传情,又要达意;既要灵活,又要忠实。从这一点上看,中国诗歌的翻译之路依然任重道远。必须鼓励更多的国内外译者都参与其中,才能更加有利于中国文化走向世界,亦更有利于世界文化的光辉灿烂。</p> <p class="ql-block">雨巷</p><p class="ql-block">戴望舒 作</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">一</p><p class="ql-block">撑着油纸伞,独自 </p><p class="ql-block">彷徨在悠长、悠长 </p><p class="ql-block">又寂寥的雨巷, </p><p class="ql-block">我希望逢着 </p><p class="ql-block">一个丁香一样地 </p><p class="ql-block">结着愁怨的姑娘。</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">她是有 </p><p class="ql-block">丁香一样的颜色,</p><p class="ql-block">丁香一样的芬芳,</p><p class="ql-block">丁香一样的忧愁, </p><p class="ql-block">在雨中哀怨,</p><p class="ql-block">哀怨又彷徨;</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">二</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">她彷徨在寂寥的雨巷,</p><p class="ql-block">撑着油纸伞 </p><p class="ql-block">像我一样, </p><p class="ql-block">像我一样地 </p><p class="ql-block">默默踟躇着 </p><p class="ql-block">冷漠,凄清,又惆怅。</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">她默默地走近, </p><p class="ql-block">走近,又投出 </p><p class="ql-block">太息一般的眼光 </p><p class="ql-block">她飘过 </p><p class="ql-block">像梦一般地, </p><p class="ql-block">像梦一般地凄婉迷茫。</p><p class="ql-block">三</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">像梦中飘过 </p><p class="ql-block">一枝丁香地, </p><p class="ql-block">我身旁飘过这个女郎;</p><p class="ql-block">她静默地远了,远了, </p><p class="ql-block">到了颓圮的篱墙, </p><p class="ql-block">走尽这雨巷。</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">在雨的哀曲里,</p><p class="ql-block">消了她的颜色,</p><p class="ql-block">散了她的芬芳,</p><p class="ql-block">消散了,甚至她的 </p><p class="ql-block">太息般的眼光 </p><p class="ql-block">丁香般的惆怅。</p><p class="ql-block">四</p><p class="ql-block">撑着油纸伞,独自 </p><p class="ql-block">彷徨在悠长、悠长 </p><p class="ql-block">又寂寥的雨巷, </p><p class="ql-block">我希望飘过 </p><p class="ql-block">一个丁香一样地 </p><p class="ql-block">结着愁怨的姑娘。</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">译本1:A Rainy Alley</p><p class="ql-block">许景城 译</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Holding an oil-paper umbrella, forlorn</p><p class="ql-block">I dawdle back and forth along a long,</p><p class="ql-block">long but lonely rainy alley.</p><p class="ql-block">I’m eager badly</p><p class="ql-block">to come across a beauty</p><p class="ql-block">like a lilac curled by anxiety.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block"> She does bear</p><p class="ql-block">a lilac-like hue, </p><p class="ql-block">a lilac-like sweet air,</p><p class="ql-block">and a lilac-like rue,</p><p class="ql-block">in the rain tearing,</p><p class="ql-block">moaning and wandering.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block"> She lingers in this rainy alley lonely</p><p class="ql-block">holding an oil-paper umbrella tightly,</p><p class="ql-block">like me,</p><p class="ql-block">just like me</p><p class="ql-block">roving quietly,</p><p class="ql-block">looking cold, somber and gloomy. </p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block"> She silently comes close,</p><p class="ql-block">closer, yet only throws</p><p class="ql-block">a glance like a sigh.</p><p class="ql-block">She passes by,</p><p class="ql-block">like a grieving dream,</p><p class="ql-block">like a confusing dream.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Like a lilac in a dream</p><p class="ql-block">floating and drifting, </p><p class="ql-block">she leaves me behind, I deem:</p><p class="ql-block">Quietly she’s farther and farther walking,</p><p class="ql-block">to the ruined fence and wall,</p><p class="ql-block">out of this rainy lane at all.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block"> In this rainy rue</p><p class="ql-block">vanishes her hue,</p><p class="ql-block">fade her sweet airs,</p><p class="ql-block">and even the shares</p><p class="ql-block">of her sigh-like glance,</p><p class="ql-block">and lilac-like sad trance.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Holding an oil-paper umbrella, forlorn</p><p class="ql-block">I loiter back and forth along a long,</p><p class="ql-block">long but lonely rainy alley.</p><p class="ql-block">I’m eager badly</p><p class="ql-block">to be passed by a beauty</p><p class="ql-block">like a lilac curled by anxiety.</p><p class="ql-block">Translated in Menai View Terrace, Bangor</p><p class="ql-block">02-05-2016</p><p class="ql-block">译本2:A Lane in the Rain</p><p class="ql-block">杨宪益、戴乃迭 译</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Alone holding an oil-paper umbrella,</p><p class="ql-block">I wander along a long</p><p class="ql-block">Solitary lane in the rain,</p><p class="ql-block">Hoping to encounter</p><p class="ql-block">A girl like a bouquet of lilacs</p><p class="ql-block">Gnawed by anxiety and resentment.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">A girl</p><p class="ql-block">The colour of lilacs,</p><p class="ql-block">The fragrance of lilacs,</p><p class="ql-block">With the worries of lilacs,</p><p class="ql-block">Feeling melancholy in the rain,</p><p class="ql-block">Plaintive and hesitating.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">She wanders along the solitary lane inthe rain,</p><p class="ql-block">Holding an oil-paper umbrella</p><p class="ql-block">Just as I do,</p><p class="ql-block">Just like me,</p><p class="ql-block">Walking slowly in silence,</p><p class="ql-block">Aloof, sad and melancholy.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Silently she comes closer,</p><p class="ql-block">Closer, giving me</p><p class="ql-block">A glance like a sigh;</p><p class="ql-block">Then she floats past</p><p class="ql-block">Like a dream,</p><p class="ql-block">Dreary and blank like a dream.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Like a lilac</p><p class="ql-block">Floating past in a dream,</p><p class="ql-block">the girl floats past me;</p><p class="ql-block">Silently she goes further and further,</p><p class="ql-block">To the crumbling wall,</p><p class="ql-block">Out of the lane in the rain.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">In the mournful melody of the rain,</p><p class="ql-block">Her colour has faded,</p><p class="ql-block">Her fragrance has disappeared,</p><p class="ql-block">Vanished into the void;</p><p class="ql-block">Even her glance like a sigh,</p><p class="ql-block">Melancholy like lilacs.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Alone, holding an oil-paper umbrella,</p><p class="ql-block">I wander along a long</p><p class="ql-block">Solitary lane in the rain,</p><p class="ql-block">Hoping to pass</p><p class="ql-block">A girl like a bouquet of lilacs</p><p class="ql-block">Gnawed by anxiety and resentment.</p><p class="ql-block">译本3:The Alley in the Rain</p><p class="ql-block">Wai-Lim Yip 译</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Holding an oil-paper umbrella, alone,</p><p class="ql-block">I hesitate in a long, long,</p><p class="ql-block">Sparse, quiet alley in the rain.</p><p class="ql-block">Would that I encountered</p><p class="ql-block">A girl, sorrow-laden,</p><p class="ql-block">Like a lilac.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">A girl with</p><p class="ql-block">Color like the lilac,</p><p class="ql-block">Fragrance like the lilac,</p><p class="ql-block">Sadness like the lilac,</p><p class="ql-block">Pensive in the rain,</p><p class="ql-block">Hesitating and pensive.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Hesitating in this sparse, quiet alley in the rain,</p><p class="ql-block">Holding an oil-paper umbrella,</p><p class="ql-block">Like me,</p><p class="ql-block">Like me,</p><p class="ql-block">Moving slowly, silently,</p><p class="ql-block">Cold, plaintive, melancholy.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">She comes quietly closer,</p><p class="ql-block">Closer, casts</p><p class="ql-block">A glance like a sigh,</p><p class="ql-block">And floats past</p><p class="ql-block">Like a dream,</p><p class="ql-block">Like the misty grief in a dream.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Floating past like a dream,</p><p class="ql-block">Like a twig of lilac,</p><p class="ql-block">This girl floats past me,</p><p class="ql-block">And quietly moves away, away,</p><p class="ql-block">Toward the broken bamboo-fence,</p><p class="ql-block">And lost in the alley in the rain.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">In the sad refrain of the rain,</p><p class="ql-block">Has disappeared her color,</p><p class="ql-block">Has disappeared her fragrance,</p><p class="ql-block">Has disappeared even her</p><p class="ql-block">Sigh-laden glance,</p><p class="ql-block">The lilaclike melancholy.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Holding an oil-paper umbrella, alone,</p><p class="ql-block">I hesitate in a long, long,</p><p class="ql-block">Sparse, quiet alley in the rain.</p><p class="ql-block">Would that I encountered</p><p class="ql-block">A girl, sorrow-laden,</p><p class="ql-block">Like a lilac.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block">译本4:Rainy Alley</p><p class="ql-block">Gregory B. Lee 译</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">Holding up an oil-paper umbrella,</p><p class="ql-block">I loiter aimlessly in the long, long</p><p class="ql-block">and lonely rainy alley,</p><p class="ql-block">I hope to encounter</p><p class="ql-block">a lilac-like girl</p><p class="ql-block">nursing her resentment.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">A lilac-like color she has,</p><p class="ql-block">a lilac-like fragrance,</p><p class="ql-block">a lilac-like sadness,</p><p class="ql-block">melancholy in the rain,</p><p class="ql-block">sorrowful and uncertain;</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">She loiters aimlessly in this lonely rainy alley,</p><p class="ql-block">holding up an oil-paper umbrella</p><p class="ql-block">just like me</p><p class="ql-block">and just like me</p><p class="ql-block">walks silently,</p><p class="ql-block">apathetic, sad and disconsolate.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Silently she moves closer,</p><p class="ql-block">moves closer and casts</p><p class="ql-block">a sigh-like glance,</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">she glides by</p><p class="ql-block">like a dream</p><p class="ql-block">hazy and confused like a dream.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">As in a dream she glides past</p><p class="ql-block">like a lilac spray,</p><p class="ql-block">this girl glides past beside me;</p><p class="ql-block">she silently moves away, moves away,</p><p class="ql-block">up to the broken-down bamboo fence,</p><p class="ql-block">to the end of the rainy alley.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">In the rain’s sad song,</p><p class="ql-block">her color vanishes,</p><p class="ql-block">her fragrance diffuses,</p><p class="ql-block">even her</p><p class="ql-block">sigh-like glance,</p><p class="ql-block">lilac-like discontent</p><p class="ql-block">vanish.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Holding up an oil-paper umbrella, alone</p><p class="ql-block">aimlessly walking in the long, long</p><p class="ql-block">and lonely rainy alley,</p><p class="ql-block">I wish for</p><p class="ql-block">a lilac-like girl</p><p class="ql-block">nursing her resentment to glide by.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">译本5:Alley in the Rain</p><p class="ql-block">Michelle Yeh 译</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">With an oil-paper umbrella, alone I</p><p class="ql-block">Wander in a long</p><p class="ql-block">Lonely alley in the rain,</p><p class="ql-block">Hoping to meet</p><p class="ql-block">A melancholy girl</p><p class="ql-block">Like a lilac.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">She has</p><p class="ql-block">The coloring of a lilac,</p><p class="ql-block">The fragrance of a lilac,</p><p class="ql-block">The sorrow of a lilac–</p><p class="ql-block">Melancholy in the rain,</p><p class="ql-block">Melancholy and lost.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">She wanders in the lonely alley in the rain</p><p class="ql-block">With an oil-paper umbrella</p><p class="ql-block">Like me,</p><p class="ql-block">Just like me,</p><p class="ql-block">Roaming quietly,</p><p class="ql-block">Indifferent, sad, and wistful.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">She comes close</p><p class="ql-block">And casts</p><p class="ql-block">A look like a sigh;</p><p class="ql-block">She drifts by</p><p class="ql-block">Like a dream,</p><p class="ql-block">Like a sad, bewildering dream.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">She drifts by like a lilac</p><p class="ql-block">In a dream;</p><p class="ql-block">The girl drifts by me.</p><p class="ql-block">She walks farther and farther</p><p class="ql-block">Until she reaches the broken fence</p><p class="ql-block">At the end of the alley in the rain.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Gone is her color,</p><p class="ql-block">Dimmed by the sad tune of the rain;</p><p class="ql-block">Gone is her fragrance;</p><p class="ql-block">Even her gaze like a sigh,</p><p class="ql-block">Her lilaclike wistfulness,</p><p class="ql-block">Are dispersed.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Alone, with an oil-paper umbrella I</p><p class="ql-block">Wander in this long</p><p class="ql-block">Lonely alley in the rain,</p><p class="ql-block">Hoping to meet</p><p class="ql-block">A melancholy girl</p><p class="ql-block">Like a lilac.</p> <p class="ql-block">译本6:A Lane in Rain</p><p class="ql-block">Rewi Alley 译</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Holding an oilpaper umbrella,</p><p class="ql-block">I wandered alone down</p><p class="ql-block">a long, long, solitary lane in the rain</p><p class="ql-block">hoping to meet that singularly sad girl</p><p class="ql-block">who reminded me of a lilac.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">She seemed so mournful in the rain,</p><p class="ql-block">Wandering,</p><p class="ql-block">with the darkness of a lilac,</p><p class="ql-block">the sweetness of a lilac,</p><p class="ql-block">the sadness of a lilac.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">She wandered down this lonely lane</p><p class="ql-block">holding an oilpaper umbrella</p><p class="ql-block">just like me,</p><p class="ql-block">and like me</p><p class="ql-block">walking slowly and silently,</p><p class="ql-block">listless, desolate, disconsolate.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Silently she neared me,</p><p class="ql-block">coming closer,</p><p class="ql-block">giving me a look</p><p class="ql-block">as if with a sigh,</p><p class="ql-block">then wafted past me as if in a dream,</p><p class="ql-block">bleak and distant.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Like a spray of lilac floating past</p><p class="ql-block">in dreams,</p><p class="ql-block">the girl passed me,</p><p class="ql-block">going on quietly, further, further,</p><p class="ql-block">till she reached</p><p class="ql-block">the crumbling wall</p><p class="ql-block">at the lane’s end.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">In the melancholy rain,</p><p class="ql-block">her color faded,</p><p class="ql-block">her fragrance lost, together with</p><p class="ql-block">her look that was like a sigh, and</p><p class="ql-block">her sadness as that of lilac.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Holding an oilpaper umbrella,</p><p class="ql-block">I wandered alone down</p><p class="ql-block">a long, long, solitary lane in the rain,</p><p class="ql-block">hoping to waft by that singularly sad girl</p><p class="ql-block">who reminded me of a lilac.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">译本7:Rainy Alley</p><p class="ql-block">丁祖馨 译</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Holding a light umbrella</p><p class="ql-block">I walk back and forth alone</p><p class="ql-block">In a silent, rainy alley,</p><p class="ql-block">A long, an endlessly long alley,</p><p class="ql-block">Hoping to meet</p><p class="ql-block">A girl as sweet, as blue</p><p class="ql-block">As the lilac bud that knits her brows.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">As graceful as lilac,</p><p class="ql-block">As fragrant as lilac,</p><p class="ql-block">As sad as lilac:</p><p class="ql-block">Back and forth she walks,</p><p class="ql-block">Worried in the rain,</p><p class="ql-block">Sad in the rain.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Holding a light umbrella</p><p class="ql-block">Back and forth she walks, and walks,</p><p class="ql-block">In this silent, rainy alley,</p><p class="ql-block">As I pace and plod,</p><p class="ql-block">Silent, alone,</p><p class="ql-block">Wearing my solitude, my sadness and pain.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Quietly she walks close by me,</p><p class="ql-block">Then closer, then closer,</p><p class="ql-block">Casting a glance</p><p class="ql-block">As if of a sigh,</p><p class="ql-block">She floats on by me</p><p class="ql-block">Plaintive as a dream,</p><p class="ql-block">A hazy dream,</p><p class="ql-block">A sad dream.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">As if what flies by me</p><p class="ql-block">Is a branch of lilac in a dream,</p><p class="ql-block">The girl flits by me</p><p class="ql-block">In silence, in a distance</p><p class="ql-block">More distant, more distant,</p><p class="ql-block">Floats to a ruined wattled wall</p><p class="ql-block">At the end of this rainy alley.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">And her rose-like color fades,</p><p class="ql-block">Her sweet, sweet fragrance fades,</p><p class="ql-block">To the sad tune of the rain.</p><p class="ql-block">Her glance disappears, her sign disappears,</p><p class="ql-block">Her lilac-like sadness.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Holding a light umbrella</p><p class="ql-block">I walk back and forth alone</p><p class="ql-block">In a silent, rainy alley,</p><p class="ql-block">A long, an endlessly long alley,</p><p class="ql-block">Hoping to meet</p><p class="ql-block">A girl as sweet, as blue</p><p class="ql-block">As the lilac bud that knits her brows.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">译本8:Rain Lane</p><p class="ql-block">朱曼华 译</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">My umbrella being unfolded on,</p><p class="ql-block">Along the lane, narrow but long,</p><p class="ql-block">Alone I was wandering down.</p><p class="ql-block">I longed to meet</p><p class="ql-block">A bitter lilac-like girl,</p><p class="ql-block">She’s in resentful sorrow.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">She was such a girl:</p><p class="ql-block">In lilac-like color,</p><p class="ql-block">With lilac-like smell,</p><p class="ql-block">She behaves in the lilac-like gloomy style.</p><p class="ql-block">She was sad in raining,</p><p class="ql-block">Walking back and forth, walking...</p><p class="ql-block">Walking down the lonely lane.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">She upheld the umbrella-shaft</p><p class="ql-block">As I did,</p><p class="ql-block">As I did along the narrow lane.</p><p class="ql-block">To be silent,</p><p class="ql-block">Lonely, melancholy, indifferent.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">In silence she was approaching,</p><p class="ql-block">On and on, approaching,</p><p class="ql-block">Glancing and glancing.</p><p class="ql-block">She’s passing by my side gently.</p><p class="ql-block">I could see her as if dreaming of fancy.</p><p class="ql-block">Leaving me coldly, she looks vast and hazy.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Like a lilac floating lightly,</p><p class="ql-block">Into my dream is the lady.</p><p class="ql-block">Gently passing by me,</p><p class="ql-block">Far, far away, she was vanishing silently,</p><p class="ql-block">To the end of the narrow way,</p><p class="ql-block">In which a ruined fence lay.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Her sad rainy song,</p><p class="ql-block">Or her pale face with her feeling down,</p><p class="ql-block">Her fragrance was not strong.</p><p class="ql-block">Even her sighing eyesight</p><p class="ql-block">Not so bright, but disconsolate.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Unfolding my umbrella, alone</p><p class="ql-block">The lonesome rain-lane long, long,</p><p class="ql-block">I wandered on, feeling down.</p><p class="ql-block">I longed to see a lilac girl,</p><p class="ql-block">Gently on her go,</p><p class="ql-block">She’s in resentful sorrow.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">译本9:The Alley in the Rain</p><p class="ql-block">唐正秋 译</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Holding an umbrella, I’m alone</p><p class="ql-block">Wandering about the long, long,</p><p class="ql-block">Lonely alley in the rain,</p><p class="ql-block">Hoping to encounter</p><p class="ql-block">A girl who bears her melancholy</p><p class="ql-block">Like a lilac flower.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">She has</p><p class="ql-block">The color of a lilac,</p><p class="ql-block">The fragrance of a lilac,</p><p class="ql-block">And the melancholy of a lilac.</p><p class="ql-block">She looks sorrowful in the rain,</p><p class="ql-block">Sorrowful and depressed.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">She paces the lonely alley,</p><p class="ql-block">Holding an umbrella,</p><p class="ql-block">Like me,</p><p class="ql-block">Just like me –</p><p class="ql-block">Walking quietly and slowly</p><p class="ql-block">In coldness, solitude and melancholy.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Quietly she comes close,</p><p class="ql-block">Close to me and casts</p><p class="ql-block">A glance, like a sigh.</p><p class="ql-block">She drifts away</p><p class="ql-block">Like a dream–</p><p class="ql-block">So dreary and deep.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Like a lilac flower drifting by</p><p class="ql-block">In a dream,</p><p class="ql-block">The girl passes by me;</p><p class="ql-block">Quietly she is walking away and away,</p><p class="ql-block">To a broken hedge,</p><p class="ql-block">To the end of the alley in the rain.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">In the plaintive tune of the rain</p><p class="ql-block">Her color fades,</p><p class="ql-block">Her fragrance disappears,</p><p class="ql-block">So do her sighing glance</p><p class="ql-block">And lilac-like melancholy.</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">Holding an umbrella, I’m alone</p><p class="ql-block">Wandering about the long, long,</p><p class="ql-block">Lonely alley in the rain,</p><p class="ql-block">Hoping to see passing by</p><p class="ql-block">A girl who bears her melancholy</p><p class="ql-block">Like a lilac flower.</p> <p class="ql-block">《雨巷》赏析</p><p class="ql-block">《雨巷》是诗人戴望舒的成名作,作者通过对狭窄阴沉的雨巷,在雨巷中徘徊的独行者,以及那个像丁香一样结着愁怨的姑娘的描写 , 含蓄地暗示出作者既迷惘感伤又有期待的情怀。</p><p class="ql-block"> 《雨巷》一诗歌的音乐感很强,我们很容易感受到它的舒缓、低沉而又优美的旋律和节奏,也很容易感受到它所抒发的情感──凄清、哀怨和惆怅。诗歌一开篇,诗人就给我们描绘了一幅梅雨季节江南小巷的图景:白墙黑瓦的建筑物之间,小巷曲折而悠长;正是梅雨季节,天空阴沉沉的,小雨淅淅沥沥地下个不停。小巷里空荡荡的,只有诗人撑着油纸伞彷徨在悠长,悠长又寂寥的雨巷,</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; 诗人一人在雨巷中独行;而他彷徨不定的步态则分明透露着他内心的孤寂和苦闷之情。小巷、细雨、撑着油纸伞的孤独诗人以及他的彷徨步态──这就是这首诗歌的开头几句所展示给我们的镜头。在上述镜头过后,诗歌中出现了一段诗人的内心独白:</p><p class="ql-block">我希望逢着</p><p class="ql-block">一个丁香一样地</p><p class="ql-block">结着愁怨的姑娘。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; 这个“丁香一样的姑娘”并非现实世界中的真实人物,而是诗人幻想出来的(他希望碰上的)一个虚拟人物。这是一个什么样的姑娘呢?诗歌中接着写道:</p><p class="ql-block">她是有</p><p class="ql-block">丁香一样的颜色,</p><p class="ql-block">丁香一样的芬芳,</p><p class="ql-block">丁香一样的忧愁,</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; 丁香花开在仲春时节,花色或白或紫,给人柔弱、娇美而又纯洁、庄重的感觉。丁香花娇美却易凋谢,中国古代的诗人们对着丁香往往伤春,说丁香是引愁之物。中国古代的诗歌歌中有不少吟咏丁香的名句,如:“青鸟不传云外信,丁香空结雨中愁”(南唐李璨《浣溪纱》词);“丁香体柔弱,乱结枝犹坠”;“芭蕉不展丁香结,同向春风各自愁”;等等。由于中国古代诗人们的反复吟咏和广泛传唱,在中国人(尤其是文人)心中,丁香逐渐成为美丽、高洁、柔弱、愁怨之类性质或具有这类性质的事物的象征。《雨巷》中出现的“姑娘”就是全面具有中国古代诗人赋予丁香的上述性质的一个女性形象──她既具有丁香的美丽姿态和颜色,又具有丁香的高洁和芬芳,还具有(古代诗人赋予)丁香的忧愁与哀怨的特点。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; 这样一个宛如丁香魂魄所花的“姑娘”,一经诗人的想象而创造出来之后,也就似乎有了自己的生命。在诗歌中,她也象一个现实人物一样活动起来:</p><p class="ql-block">她彷徨在这寂寥的雨巷,</p><p class="ql-block">撑着油纸伞</p><p class="ql-block">像我一样。</p><p class="ql-block">像我一样地</p><p class="ql-block">默默彳亍着,</p><p class="ql-block">冷漠,凄清,又惆怅。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; 诗歌中所写的雨巷里,本来只有诗人一个人独行;自“丁香姑娘”出现后,就有两个人在其中行走了;而且,那个姑娘的步态、表情乃至手上的油纸伞都与诗人一样。这样一个人的出现,显然使诗人的心中充满了期待和希望。在“悠长又寂寥的雨巷”中,现在有两个各自孤独的青年男女在活动了,那么,接下来会发生什么呢?这是我们想知道的,(我们可以推想,这)也正是诗人当时所想知道的。诗歌中接着写道:</p><p class="ql-block">她静默地走近</p><p class="ql-block">走近,又投出</p><p class="ql-block">太息一般的眼光。</p><p class="ql-block">她飘过</p><p class="ql-block">像梦一般地,</p><p class="ql-block">像梦一般地凄婉迷茫。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; 她终于向诗人走近了,(我们可以想见诗人这时的心跳),可是,她却没有向诗人打招呼,而只是向诗人投出了一道叹息的目光,然后,像梦一般轻盈而不着痕迹地飘过去了!(我们在心底里叫:为什么只是这样啊?)当她从诗人身边飘过去的时候,诗人看到她的表情是一脸的凄婉迷茫。这表情分明透露着:她心里实际上是不愿意与诗人分离的。但因为某些(说不清楚的)原因,她却不得不与诗人失之交臂!俗话说得好:人生难得一知己!这两位心灵相通(甚至连表情和步态都那么一致)的青年男女在雨巷中不期而遇后,竟然又失之交臂,这是多么令人遗憾的事啊!眼睁睁地看着一段可能的美好姻缘就这样失之交臂,(我们可以想见,)诗人是何等的痛心!在恋恋不舍而又深感无奈的情绪状态中,诗人目送着"丁香姑娘"在雨巷中渐行渐远:</p><p class="ql-block">像梦中飘过</p><p class="ql-block">一枝丁香地,</p><p class="ql-block">我身旁飘过这女郎;</p><p class="ql-block">她静默地远了,远了,</p><p class="ql-block">到了颓圮的篱墙。</p><p class="ql-block">走尽这雨巷。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; 等到走过一道“颓圮的篱墙”──这“颓圮的篱墙”正是诗人想与“丁香姑娘”相聚相守这一较得体的希望破灭的象征──,“丁香姑娘”终于消失在雨巷的尽头。但这时的诗人还是处在魂不守舍的状态中,即使不能再看到“丁香姑娘”,他还是在感受着“丁香姑娘”遗留在雨巷的黯淡光线和清冷空气中的颜色和芳香,并为这种颜色和芳香的不断消散而伤感不已:</p><p class="ql-block">在雨的哀曲里。</p><p class="ql-block">消了她的颜色,</p><p class="ql-block">散了她的芬芳,</p><p class="ql-block">消散了,甚至她的</p><p class="ql-block">太息般的眼光,</p><p class="ql-block">丁香般的惆怅。</p><p class="ql-block">(我们可以想见:)诗人一个人呆立在雨巷中,久久地回味着刚才与“丁香姑娘”相逢时所感受到的她的色彩、芬芳,甚至她的满含叹息和惆怅的目光。但残酷的现实却容不得美好的爱情或理想。在诗歌的最后,我们看到:在“悠长又寂寥的雨巷”中,又只剩下了诗人在独自彷徨:</p><p class="ql-block">撑着油纸伞,独自</p><p class="ql-block">彷徨在悠长,悠长</p><p class="ql-block">又寂寥的雨巷,</p><p class="ql-block">我希望飘过</p><p class="ql-block">一个丁香一样地</p><p class="ql-block">结着愁怨的姑娘。</p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp; 在诗歌的末尾,诗人似乎又将诗歌的开头所出现的那个镜头又重放了一遍。首尾两节的词句几乎全部相同,只是将其中的“(我希望)逢着”改成了“(我</p><p class="ql-block">希望)飘过”。这一改,一方面表明诗人并没有完全放弃希望,另一方面却让人感到诗人的希望越来越渺茫了。因而,读到诗歌的最后一节,我们不禁感到:诗歌中所渲染的那种理想破灭而又无法挽回的苦闷、哀怨而又无奈、惆怅的情感又加深了一层。</p> <p class="ql-block">英译: 兰陵王柳(周邦彦)</p><p class="ql-block">Lanlingwang Theme: Willows (Zhou Bangyan)</p><p class="ql-block">(prepared by: alexcwlin; edited by: Adam Lam)</p><p class="ql-block">柳阴直,烟里丝丝弄碧。</p><p class="ql-block">Willow shadows are lined up straight.</p><p class="ql-block">In mist, branches in green are wavering.</p><p class="ql-block">隋堤上、曾见几番,拂水飘绵送行色。</p><p class="ql-block">On Sui Embankment,</p><p class="ql-block">for many times I have seen</p><p class="ql-block">flying catkins brush water at farewell.</p><p class="ql-block">登临望故国,谁识、京华倦客?</p><p class="ql-block">I climb tower to look towards hometown.</p><p class="ql-block">Who would know</p><p class="ql-block">how this worn-out guest at capital feel?</p><p class="ql-block">长亭路,年去岁来,应折柔条过千尺。</p><p class="ql-block">On the road to the 10-mile rest pavilion,</p><p class="ql-block">year in year out,</p><p class="ql-block">I must have broken off 1,000 feet of branches.</p><p class="ql-block">---------------------------------</p><p class="ql-block">闲寻旧踪迹,又酒趁哀弦,灯照离席。</p><p class="ql-block">I was going to retrace old trails.</p><p class="ql-block">Then I’m going to drink with sad music,</p><p class="ql-block">during a farewell banquet in bright lights.</p><p class="ql-block">梨花榆火催寒食。</p><p class="ql-block">Spring’s pear blooms herald Cold Food Day.</p><p class="ql-block">愁一箭风快,半篙波暖,回头迢递便数驿,望人在天北。</p><p class="ql-block">With regrets I watch as boat zooms off,</p><p class="ql-block">as scull reaches into warm water.</p><p class="ql-block">Passengers turn around as rest station is afar,</p><p class="ql-block">and see goodbye-bidding people at the north.</p><p class="ql-block">---------------------------------</p><p class="ql-block">凄恻,恨堆积!</p><p class="ql-block">In sadness, grief comes in piles.</p><p class="ql-block">渐别浦萦回,津堠岑寂,斜阳冉冉春无极。</p><p class="ql-block">Water at farewell shoreline is twirling.</p><p class="ql-block">Lookout hut stays quiet.</p><p class="ql-block">Slanting sunlight moves slowly in spring scene.</p><p class="ql-block">念月榭携手,露桥闻笛。</p><p class="ql-block">I recall we held hands at pavilion in moonlight,</p><p class="ql-block">at dew-soaked bridge we heard flute tunes.</p><p class="ql-block">沉思前事,似梦里,泪暗滴。</p><p class="ql-block">In thinking about those prior incidents,</p><p class="ql-block">they are like a dream,</p><p class="ql-block">and tears stream down my face.</p><p class="ql-block">---------------------------------</p>