抗美援朝 保家卫国——纪念抗美援朝出国作战70周年

十八子

<span style='text-align: justify; color: rgb(255, 251, 244); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: "43a30bd56c7d51b16517fb061c424e0e"; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(157, 34, 34); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;'>今天,是中国人民志愿军抗美援朝出国作战70周年。70年前,由中华优秀儿女组成的中国人民志愿军,肩负着人民的重托、民族的期望,高举保卫和平、反抗侵略的正义旗帜,雄赳赳、气昂昂,跨过鸭绿江,发扬伟大的爱国主义精神和革命英雄主义精神,同朝鲜人民和军队一道,历经两年零9个月艰苦卓绝的浴血奋战,赢得了抗美援朝战争伟大胜利。</span> <p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;" data-spm-anchor-id="C73544894212.P59511941341.0.i1">1950年6月,朝鲜内战爆发。朝鲜战场形势的突变,也使中国大陆的安全面临严重威胁……1950年10月,中共中央艰难作出决策:抗美援朝保家卫国!</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">一切准备就绪,只待大军入朝。然而,就在此时,彭德怀却突然收到了毛泽东的紧急电报。</p> <p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">电报中,毛泽东不仅要求大军按兵不动,还要求彭德怀和高岗紧急返京。出国作战的命令刚刚下达,紧要关头究竟发生了怎样的变故?</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">1950年10月13日,彭德怀、高岗紧急飞回北京,才弄清原委。原来,被寄予厚望的苏军空中掩护落空了。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">斯大林突然变卦,暂缓提供原先承诺的空中掩护,而只提供飞机、坦克、大炮等方面的装备援助。如果没有苏联空军的支援,志愿军就会暴露在美国强大的空中火力之下。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">军事科学院原军事历史研究部副部长 齐德学:这时候高岗和彭德怀都是已经在东北,又召回来,政治局再研究。毛主席问彭德怀能不能打,彭德怀说也能打。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">当天,毛泽东致电周恩来,并转告斯大林。在分析了各方面利弊之后,电文中明确提出:“总之,我们认为应当参战,必须参战。参战利益极大,不参战损害极大。”</p> <p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">出兵朝鲜,箭已在弦上。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">就在毛泽东和中共中央下决心援朝作战并日夜筹备大军入朝之际,美国也在多方搜集中苏等各方面的情报,他们的目的只有一个:中国或苏联会出兵朝鲜吗?</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">事实上,在当时,几乎所有的美国军事情报机关,都将中苏是否出兵朝鲜当成了头等大事。为此,美国总统杜鲁门决定亲自与“联合国军”总司令麦克阿瑟会晤。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">北京大学国际关系学院教授 牛军:威克岛会谈,其实杜鲁门就两件事,中国人到底会不会参战?麦克阿瑟给他一个保证:第一,中国人不会参战;第二,中国按现在的军力即使参战了,我也能打赢。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">会谈两天后,杜鲁门总统在旧金山发表广播演说:朝鲜共产党人有效的抵抗力量不久必将告终。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">美国政府低估了中国人民捍卫和平的决心和力量。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">此时此刻,鸭绿江北岸,20多万中国人民志愿军连同他们的统帅,早已整装待发。</p> <p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">1950年10月15日深夜,第42军军长吴瑞林接到志愿军司令部发来的一封加急电报:同意第42军先头部队16日夜渡过鸭绿江,迅速向长津湖地区集结。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">其实,早在三个月前,第42军刚集结于中朝边境时,吴瑞林就秘密带领作战处长、侦察处长,装扮成火车司机,到朝鲜境内侦察地形。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">在疾驰的火车上,吴瑞林发现江面上居然有人涉水过江,这让他萌发了在鸭绿江辑安(今集安)口岸铺设水下桥的想法。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">时任第42军政治部干事 武际良:吴瑞林军长挽起裤子来,就到江里头去蹚,有一天在那里逛,他发现了大条石,青石头堆得像小山似的,就把所有的石头条子都拉到鸭绿江,铺了这个水面下桥。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">经过工兵的反复试验,全长375米的水下桥顺利完工,吴瑞林亲自驾驶中型吉普车通过并成功验收。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">水下桥的建成既能保证部队顺利过江,又能防止美军空袭。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">10月16日晚,中国人民志愿军第42军先头部队在副师长肖剑飞的带领下,率先从辑安(今集安)秘密渡江,进入朝鲜。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">时任第42军第124师370团政治处干事 于永波:那时候还没宣布出国,过去是静悄悄的,过江没有谁说话,非常静。路线我们也不知道,就全部是朝鲜人民军的警察摆着旗子指路。</p> <p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">10月19日,中国人民志愿军第13兵团第38军、第39军、第40军、第42军及炮兵部队20多万大军,按照预定计划,从中朝边境的安东(今丹东)、长甸河口及辑安渡口,开始跨过鸭绿江,秘密入朝。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">为了保持入朝部队的隐蔽性,每天部队的渡江行动从18点30分开始,到第二天凌晨4点结束,5点前全部隐蔽完毕。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">志愿军过江进入朝鲜后,一律采取夜间行军。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">时任第40军第120师第359团第1营教导员 王凤和:有关中国字样的标志,一律不准戴,连帽徽都得抹下。</p> <p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">迈出国门,回望家园。身处异国他乡,这些年轻战士却肩负了祖国人民的重托。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">时任第39军第116师山炮营3连连长 黄云腾:我和指导员走在前边,我说伙计啊,咱们要出国了。是,要出国了,要离开家了。谁都明白离开这个家,不知道多少天能回来。我们迈的步很沉重,沉重什么,就叫责任重大。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">“雄赳赳,气昂昂,跨过鸭绿江……”歌词不长,却成为新中国一个时代的文化符号。</p> <p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">这首歌词是首批入朝官兵中的一名指导员写的出征诗。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">时任炮1师第26团第5连指导员 麻扶摇(生前采访):在入朝前半个月,开誓师大会,我很受教育。一天晚上,拿笔就写“雄赳赳、气昂昂,横渡鸭绿江。保和平,卫祖国,就是保家乡。中华好儿女,齐心团结紧,抗美援朝鲜,打败美帝野心狼”。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">誓师大会后,新华社记者陈伯坚采访了麻扶摇,觉得诗歌写得很好,并提出将横渡鸭绿江改为跨过鸭绿江。随后这篇战地通讯发表在1950年11月26日的人民日报上。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">著名音乐家周巍峙看到这首诗歌后,仅用半个小时就谱出了曲子。唱遍全军,传遍全国,传唱至今的《中国人民志愿军战歌》就此诞生。</p> <p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">大军跨江入境,掌握制空权的美军却罕有察觉,这还要得益于志愿军的高度组织性和纪律性。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">由于行动隐蔽,伪装巧妙,直到入朝6天后,美军才侦察到有一支大约5万人的军队在向南开进。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">而为会见朝鲜金日成首相,尽早掌握全局,上任仅仅12天的志愿军统帅彭德怀,先于大部队之前几个小时,便踏上了出国作战的征程。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">时任彭德怀军事秘书 杨凤安(生前采访):彭老总和我、两个警卫员坐一个吉普车,苏联嘎斯-69,又带了一部电台,报务员和译电员,7个人,由崔伦处长带着,坐一个大卡车在后面跟着,就这样在部队先头就入了朝了。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">与此同时,志愿军后续部队也在陆续入朝。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">10月26日,第50军接到东北军区电令,立即入朝。一天之后,第66军同样奉命入朝。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">到10月下旬,志愿军首批入朝的6个军已全部到位。大战似乎一触即发。</p> <p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">然而,就在志愿军秘密入朝的几天前,美国华盛顿当局和日本东京的麦克阿瑟总部,已沉浸在朝鲜战争即将结束的乐观情绪中。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">时任第27军第79师第235团3营教导员 迟浩田:我们是忍无可忍,被迫参与的这场战争。当时杜鲁门、杜勒斯、美国远东司令麦克阿瑟,十分嚣张。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">1950年10月20日,以美国为首的“联合国军”占领平壤。随即兵分多路,继续向朝鲜北部边境快速推进,企图在11月23日感恩节前占领全朝鲜。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">占领平壤后,麦克阿瑟狂妄地宣称:“平壤是敌人的首都,它的陷落象征着***的彻底失败。”</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">然而,这个结论下得太早了。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">一直误判战局的麦克阿瑟不会想到,他口中不敢贸然渡江的中国军队早已引弓待发,将矛头瞄准了贸然北进的以美国为首的“联合国军”。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">随后即将发生的一系列战事,不仅会让他跌入人生谷底,还将改变整个世界的政治格局。</p><p style="list-style: none; margin: 15px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; line-height: 30px; text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">朝鲜战争并没有结束,伟大的抗美援朝战争帷幕正在拉开。</p> <span style='text-align: justify; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;'>抗美援朝 保家卫国,七十年前的中国,刚好周岁,南***发生内战,亲美的***,在美国的联合国军队支持下,试图把北朝吞没后,打开中国大门,战火烧到鸭绿江边。金日成向中国求助,中国人民自愿军雄赳赳,气昂昂,跨过鸭绿江,英雄儿女,浴血奋战,中国人民尽举国之力,奋勇支援前线,打败了美帝国主义的狼子野心,取得了抗美援朝的伟大胜利。</span> <h3 style='margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(58, 33, 23); text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6em !important; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.34rem !important; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 252, 253); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;'><div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.34rem !important; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;"><font color="#ed2308" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(237, 35, 8); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;">山河无恙,欢迎回家</font></div><div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.34rem !important; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;"><font color="#ed2308" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(237, 35, 8); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;">六十八年易过</font></div><div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.34rem !important; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;"><font color="#ed2308" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(237, 35, 8); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;">硝烟早已散去</font></div><div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.34rem !important; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;"><font color="#ed2308" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(237, 35, 8); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;">他们的鲜血染红了朝鲜三千里江山</font></div><div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.34rem !important; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;"><font color="#ed2308" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(237, 35, 8); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;">每一位为祖国奋战的人都不会被遗忘</font></div></h3> <span style='text-align: left; color: rgb(237, 35, 8); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 252, 253); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;'>硝烟早已散,但砥砺人心的“英烈精神”不会湮灭在如烟的岁月中。这种精神不仅仅成为后人的“精神谱系”,更是化作了中华民族复兴的坚强柱石。祖国今天的繁华,我们又怎能忘记那些年轻的英雄呢?</span> <h1 style='margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(58, 33, 23); text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6em !important; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.34rem !important; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 252, 253); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;'><strong>一起铭记那些最可爱最可敬的人——曾经奋不顾身向前作战的志愿军吧!</strong></h1> <h1 style='margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(58, 33, 23); text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6em !important; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.34rem !important; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 252, 253); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;'>中国志愿军用他们的顽强而无畏的精神战胜了敌人,也震慑了那些曾经侵略过我们的人。这是史无前例的战争;是穷国打败富国、弱国打败强国创造历史奇迹的战争;是中国军队打出国威、打出军威、打出骨气、扬眉吐气的战争;中国自愿军谱写了中华民族战争史上最光辉的一页,他们不愧是我们最可爱的人。</h1>