【0b U9】万思乐学V-learn 小西妈双语工程2006期166号Pete 打卡 Day32

Pete妈妈

拓展：本篇是本单元所有拓展内容，并不是一天的，基本分散在每天一点点的状态。一、蜗牛蜗牛是从一出生就背着壳的。壳会随着蜗牛长大而长大，直到蜗牛成年，壳才会停止生长。SnailSnail is a small soft creature with a hard round shell on its back, that moves very slowly and often eats garden plants. Some types of snail can be eaten. As the snail continues to grow, its shell grows with it. 观察一下真实的蜗牛 蜗牛喜欢吃菜叶吃东西的样子哪个是tentacle？哪个是眼睛？嘴巴在哪里？复习：tentacle 触角、shell、muscular ['mʌskjələr]肌肉发达的 foot、mucous[ˈmjukəs] 粘液 蜗牛会保护自己，懂得找深色的地方躲藏 二、蜗牛与龟的相同之处What's does a turtle and snail have in common?They both have shells on there backsThey both use there shells for protectionThey both need water in some way.They are both animals. 三、其他的爬行动物有哪些？一起来看看，另外恐龙也是爬行动物哦 四、Life cycle of turtles 海龟的生命循环Mother turtles lay eggs, they hatch to become babies (or hatchlings), then they become juveniles[ˈdʒuvənəlz]未成年, and after that they become adults. Let's learn more about each phase[feɪz] 阶段Sea turtles have big front flippers.  1、Turtles Begin as EggsThe life cycle of turtles begins with female sea turtles lay eggs. Sea turtles lay their eggs in the sand on the beach.They can lay a nest of 100-200 eggs. Eggs hatch in 40 to 60 days, depending on the species物种. The mothers dig holes in sand or mud to lay their eggs in a safe nest and bury [ˈberi] them 把它们埋起来. This protects the eggs from predators[ˈprɛdətərz] 捕食者. The eggs are then left there from spring to summer to grow and become babies. Many turtle species [ˈspiːʃiːz] 物种take about three months to hatch. Turtle eggs are shaped like 形状像 ovals [ˈoʊvəlz] 椭圆形, and they're a little softer than other animals' eggs. An interesting fact is that some species of turtles have eggs that become male or female based on the temperature of their nests.一个有趣的事实是，一些种类的海龟的卵会根据它们巢穴的温度变成雄性或雌性。（这块本次没有拓展到，下次再用） 大海龟下完蛋会把蛋埋上用小光片当埋蛋了 来看看真实的海龟蛋吧，怎么知道已经受精了，照照光会有红血丝。怎么孵化小龟呢？来学一学方法，自己体验一下吧 龟蛋比其他卵生动物蛋要软 龟蛋是有正反的，需要正确地面向上面 要盖足够厚的蛭石才可以孵化 每天都要喷水，但是一定不要喷到蛋和没下水的小龟上面 2、The Next Stage: Hatchlings 刚出壳的小动物The next phase in a turtle's life cycle is called the hatchlings phase. This is when baby turtles peck 啄their way out of the eggs. And they begin trying to survive on their own. Baby turtles, or hatchlings, are completely independent 独立的at birth and never see their mothers.As soon as they come out of the nest, hatchlings crawl as fast as possible to the sea and swim towards the open ocean.刚从巢里出来，小海龟就尽快地爬到海里，游向大海。Can you imagine a baby human getting its own milk and protection? Baby humans cannot survive on their own without a person caring for them.设想一下小宝宝们出生时However, the mother turtle is not there to protect and teach the hatchlings how to survive.Baby turtles on land and on the sea are in danger of predators eating them before they can grow up. 刚孵化的小龟hatching 3、 Juvenile[ˈdʒuːvənl]小海龟As young (or juvenile) turtles, they head out to sea. From there, in many cases, we don’t know where they go (that’s why we call them “the lost years.”)当小海龟(或幼海龟)出海时，它们会游向大海。从那以后，很多情况下，我们不知道它们去了哪里(这就是为什么我们称它们为“失去的岁月”)Young turtles spend several years drifting with the currents (often referred to as the lost years), feeding on small animals living in algae floating in the water小海龟花了好几年的时间随波逐流(通常被称为“失落的岁月”)，以漂浮在水中的海藻中的小动物为食。After a few years, immature turtles will settle close to shore where it may take them more than 30 years to reach adulthood.几年后，未成熟的海龟会在岸边定居，在那里它们可能需要30年以上的时间才能成年。The time juvenile turtles spend on growing areas varies according to the species and food availability.小海龟在生长区域所花的时间因物种和食物供应的不同而不同。Once they are fully grown, they head back to where they were born to mate交配.  4、Life as an Adult TurtleAdult turtles can live on either land or water. They can stay underwater for long periods of time but must emerge for air every so often because they have lungs [lʌŋz] 肺instead of gills 腮like a fish. 成年海龟既能生活在陆地上，也能生活在水中。它们可以在水下待很长一段时间，但必须经常出来换气，因为它们像鱼一样有肺而不是鳃。Turtles that live primarily on land often dig holes in the dirt with their strong, rough [rʌf] 粗糙的feet to keep cool. They also stay inside their shells to both protect their bodies from drying out and to be safe from predators. 五、海龟和陆龟Turtle & TortoiseTurtle is one of the oldest reptile 爬行动物groups and a more ancient group than snakes or crocodilians.海龟是最古老的爬行动物之一，比蛇或鳄鱼目动物更古老。Turtles are reptiles with hard shells that protectthem from predators.Turtles live all over the world in almost every type of climate.海龟几乎生活在世界各地各种气候条件下。 HabitatTurtles 海龟Turtles live almost exclusively in the water. The only time they come to land is to lay eggs, but the mother will quickly abandon [əˈbændən] 遗弃her young and return back to the water, leaving the turtle hatchlings [ˈhætʃlɪŋ] 刚出壳的小动物 alone from birth.（leave from…从…离开） Tortoises[ˈtɔːrtəs] 乌龟Unlike turtles, tortoises are terrible swimmers 糟糕的游泳者 and live on land. Tortoises are land animals. Mother tortoises will provide protection to their young hatchlings for around 80 days after birth-after which they survive [sərˈvaɪv] 生存on their own. Physique [fɪˈziːk] 体形TurtlesBecause they spend so much time in the water, a turtles body is streamlined [ˈstriːmlaɪnd] 流线型的. They also have flippers, webbed [webd]有璞的 feet, and long claws[klɔːz] 爪.TortoisesTheir feet are round and stumpy[ˈstʌmpi]短而粗的, adapted for walking on land. They also dig holes with their strong forelimbs前肢.Tortoise shells are shaped like a circle and are incredibly sturdy[ˈstɜːrdi] 坚固的, to help protect them from predators[ˈprɛdətərz]捕食者. They tend to 倾向于have short, sturdy feet with long claws to help them with digging. 龟壳的作用特别大，遇到危险可以缩回壳里，保护自己，防御天敌predators，这个词predator好难理解啊，看到宝宝头上的✨，我拿出了小鳄鱼，告诉他鳄鱼喜欢吃小龟和龟蛋，对于龟来说，就是predators Diet[ˈdaɪət] 日常饮食TurtlesTurtles are omnivores杂食动物-meaning they eat both vegetation and other animals. As well as vegetation, they have been known to feed on 以…为食，small fish, jellyfish, and insects such as earthworms.TortoisesMost tortoises are herbivores食草动物, surviving on 靠…生存 vegetables, fruits, grass and flowers. Some tortoise are thought to consume up to 200 different types of plants in one year. 有些龟一年可以消耗200多种植物 来猜一猜海龟和乌龟分别喜欢吃什么？ 海龟喜欢吃小鱼和海草，是杂食动物，乌龟只吃植物，是食草性动物，联系到了以前的知识点 Lifespan寿命TurtlesSea turtles have an average lifespan of 60 to 70 years. The lifespan of the common turtle is between 20 and 40 years.TortoisesIn contrast相比之下, tortoises can live to be around 80 years old, some can live for over 150 years. Experts say it is possible for most tortoises to live for over 100 years, but living beyond that would require "carefully controlled, nurturing environments.专家们说，大多数龟都有可能活到100岁以上，但要活到100岁以上，就需要“精心控制和养育环境”。The world's oldest tortoise is 183-year-old. 直接说英文数字，不容易明白，我拿出了数字块，非常直接的能看出来他们寿命的长短 183岁有多长？比两个太姥的年龄还要大，比三个姥姥年龄还要大，想象一下吧？这样说孩子可能更容易理解龟的长寿 总结：这一单元都是小动物，孩子天性就很喜欢，我们养了小蜗牛，开始学习孵化小龟，每天观察他们，是一件特别有趣的体验！后面很硬壳的生命循环一块，有很多知识性的，我担心不好理解，于是用了小模型，模拟还原了小龟的一生。还有乌龟和海龟，我自己原来也分不清，这回详细解释了他们的不同，这块硬科普很生涩，直接拿来读给孩子，估计孩子都会想直接跑掉，耐心好的，听完估计也是一脑袋星星✨。我准备了他们的模型，打印了图片，准备了一些小道具，非常直接的就能让孩子自己发现感受他们的不同。比如，饮食上，拿出几个不同的食物模型，就能直观看到两种龟吃的不同；年龄这块更是，我直接说sixty、eighty……他分不清楚大小，把数字卡放在眼前，哪个大哪个小，谁活得久，一目了然。最后期待我们小龟孵化的那一天！