我的学习——The WELL-SPOKEN Thesaurus整理

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第一部分 英美文学名词解释

5，Geoffrey Chaucer

要点整理：

地位：
•the founder of English poetry
•the father of English literature
the founder of English realism
the first one to be interred in Poets’ Corner

手法特征
•crucial for legitimizing the literary use of the Middle English vernacular

内容特征：
•obtained an abundant knowledge and language

作品分期：
•Chaucer’s literary career can be divided into three parts
1，First, the French period (to 1372)
——influenced by French poets
——The Romaunt of the Rose
2，Second, the Italian period (to 1385)
——influenced by Boccaccio
——Troilus and Criseyde（his longest complete poem and his greatest artistic achievement）
——inspiring Shakespeare to create the comedy Troilus and Cressida.
3，the English Period (to 1400)
——The Canterbury Tales
——written in Middle English （medi English vernacular）and in heroic couplets （rhymed in iambic pentameter）
——about 29 pilgrims in their way to Canterbury
——left unfinished
——major types of medi literature and nearly all classes of English feudal society
——political viewpoint of opposition against Catholicism and church government

第二部分 同义词替换整理

•Brainwash（对……洗脑，以宣传说服）—— -inculcate a sense of ，-instill a sense of
•branch of ——-arm of， -wing of， -organ of
•branched ——took different courses， -diverged
•brave ——-unflinching， -undaunted， -plucky
•break apart ——-fracture， -disband， -splinter， -rupture
•break open -——breach
•break-up（分道扬镳） ——-a parting of the ways ，-part company
•break up ——-fragment
•break through ——-breach
•breathed in ——-drew breath
•breathing hard ——-breath comes fast
e.g.: “His nostrils are dilated and his breath comes fast—his demons are driving him.”
——Upton Sinclair, The Jungle
•bribery ——-graft
•brief ——-cursory， -momentary， -fleeting， -short-lived， -ephemeral
•briefly ——-in passing， -in a word， -in brief
e.g.: “I enjoyed such moments—but only in brief. If the talk began to wander, or cross the border into familiarity, I would soon find reason to excuse myself. I had grown too comfortable in my solitude, the safest place I knew.” ——Barack Obama, Dreams from My Father
•bright light ——-brilliant light
•brightness -——luminosity
•brimming with ——-alive to the sultry sounds of
•bring about ——-engender， -raise . e.g.: “The competing viewpoints have raised debate among both wings of the Democratic party.” ，-conjure up， -summon， -invite， -effect， –elicit， -give cause for， -arouse， -occasion
e.g.: “The coverage of Fort Hood will, rightfully, be extensive in the next few days. But it will be a pity if it completely overshadows how significant a story the killing of the British soldiers has become in their country. What the incidents may have most in common is that they occasion a reckoning of the costs of war.”—— Amy Davidson, The New Yorker, Nov. 6, 2009
•bring back ——-resurrect
•bring down a notch（降标） ——-depose you of your lofty perch
•bring me a —— -produce a
•bring to life ——-animate
e.g.: “He had a way of animating the past like no other history teacher could.”
•bring together -——draw together， -assemble
•bring up for discussion ——-broach the subject
•brings back memories—— -it’s Proustian {PRUE-stee-un} (after Marcel Proust, which is pronounced Proost, not Proust)
•brings out—— -accents
•British government ——-Whitehall
•broad range of ——-eclectic
•broke through ——-breached
•broken down ——-in disrepair， -derelict
•brothers ——-brethren
•brought about ——-kindled（点燃，激起）...
•brought back —— redux {French, ree-DUCKS}
e.g.: “Upon its release in 2001, Francis Ford Coppola’s 1979 film Apocalypse Now was aptly re-titled Apocalypse Now Redux.”
•brought out ——-drew， -elicited（引出）， -incurred
•brought them together ——-assembled them
e.g.: “Nightfall assembled them, as it did the stars. With nothing in common but their destitution, they mustered to sleep together in the Porch of Our Lord, cursing, insulting and jostling each other, picking quarrels with old enemies, or throwing earth and rubbish, even rolling on the ground and spitting and biting with rage.” ——Miguel Angel Asturias, The President
•brought to mind ——-aroused in his mind the idea of
•brown ——-chestnut， -sepia（乌贼墨色的）， -tawny（黄褐色的；茶色的）
•brown-noser（拍马屁的人） ——-sycophant {SICK-uh-fnt}， -toady， -lackey， -obsequious person， -unctuous person