<h3><br></h3><div><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><p style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">辽沈战役,刘亚楼作为东北野战军参谋长,高招迭出,功不可没。林彪、罗荣桓定下战役决心后,对战役决心的贯彻、组织与实施,则由他这个参谋长唱主角</span></h3><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">东北野战军由准备打长春,转变为南下北宁打锦州,中间经过了相当复杂曲折的过程。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">毛泽东和中央军委给林彪反反复复做了不少工作,这是众所周知的。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">通常情况下,只要战役的决心定了,总的作战意图和作战部署明确了,随之而来就是兵力调动、调整。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">可是在此之前,东野的决心是打长春的部署,当时野战纵队绝大部分还在沈阳以北,以及四平、长春附近。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">由此南下攻锦,千里迢迢,浩浩荡荡,百万大军能否隐蔽决战企图,出敌不意,攻其不备,达到战役的突然性,这是关系到整个决战命运的重大问题。<img class="" data-ratio="0.6520947176684881" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ToTQ6kDK5oPibmiageMRdNb8dj9MOo7BprEvK0PBYlPyhR7A0X5Tcakyd2ckOJjLMoBkRVUWaOS4snWfibnem9kAA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="549" _width="308px" src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ToTQ6kDK5oPibmiageMRdNb8dj9MOo7BprEvK0PBYlPyhR7A0X5Tcakyd2ckOJjLMoBkRVUWaOS4snWfibnem9kAA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" __sec_open_place_holder__="true" data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ToTQ6kDK5oPibmiageMRdNb8dj9MOo7BprEvK0PBYlPyhR7A0X5Tcakyd2ckOJjLMoBkRVUWaOS4snWfibnem9kAA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&wxfrom=3&wxtype=jpeg" crossorigin="anonymous" data-fail="0" style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; width: 308px !important; visibility: visible !important;"></span></section><p style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">这样大的战役行动,完全不被敌人发觉,当然无法企及。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">但刘亚楼认为,战役初期,隐蔽对全战役有一定影响和最容易引起敌人警觉的几个行动,争取出敌不意,则是可以做到的。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></span></h3><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">林彪对此设想颇有兴趣,认真倾听“鬼点子”。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚楼条分缕析指出:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">我军前段由于对长春采取了积极行动,并公开扬言“练好兵,打长春”,客观上起了示形于敌的作用,使敌认为我将首先攻打长春的可能性最大。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">这样,我军南下北宁线,保持一定程度的秘密,以取得战役发起的突然性,应是有可能的。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">他的高招是:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">第一,展开大规模的战役佯动,摆出攻打长春的态势,迷惑敌人,隐蔽东野主力南下作战的行动企图;</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">第二,隐蔽下达部队的行动命令。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">所有行动命令,由司令部派参谋人员到有关部队口头传达,秘密组织实施;</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">第三,无线电台全面佯动。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">师以上的无线电台,在部队开始行动后一周内,仍留原驻地,照常和野司电台保持联络。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在部队开进过程中,除原在锦、沈附近活动的部队外,一段时间内,暂不和野司联络;</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">第四,为迷惑敌机白天的空中侦察,部队夜行晓宿,一旦遇有空情,立即原地向后转,以示北进,兵不厌诈。<img class="" data-ratio="0.516548463356974" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ToTQ6kDK5oPibmiageMRdNb8dj9MOo7BprddPz4WNNNzwzOuQDSHiaQPVhuMnOcDFC2zIDSedFTPV4alZytut5zXQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="846" _width="308px" src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ToTQ6kDK5oPibmiageMRdNb8dj9MOo7BprddPz4WNNNzwzOuQDSHiaQPVhuMnOcDFC2zIDSedFTPV4alZytut5zXQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" __sec_open_place_holder__="true" data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ToTQ6kDK5oPibmiageMRdNb8dj9MOo7BprddPz4WNNNzwzOuQDSHiaQPVhuMnOcDFC2zIDSedFTPV4alZytut5zXQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&wxfrom=3&wxtype=jpeg" crossorigin="anonymous" data-fail="0" style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; width: 308px !important; visibility: visible !important;"></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1948年9月8日黄昏,四平车站及其以东中梅铁路线上,“神不知鬼不觉”地陆续开出一列列火车。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">火车咣当了一夜。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">到底开到哪里去?开始南下时,为了保守行动秘密,莫说一般战士,就连纵队司令员和政委也不知道。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">但他们知道战斗在即,每个人身上都像打了一针兴奋剂,振作得像头小老虎。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">震惊世界的辽沈战役,在开战前竟未开会布置一下,连纵队司令员都蒙在鼓里,也算是人民解放军的一大创举。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">东野大军南下,国民党也不是没有察觉。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">飞机侦察和各地情报部门,都向东北“剿总”报告了共军动向,却遭“剿总”侦听机构的一顿奚落:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“共军电台都在原地未动,你们为什么不相信科学?”</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">大难临头,可不管是沈阳“剿总”还是锦州指挥所都处于一种浑浑噩噩的麻木和混乱中。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">东北“剿总”副总司令兼锦州指挥所主任范汉杰不知大战行将爆发,还把夫人接来锦州欢聚。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">当他发现了苗头,并向卫立煌告急时,辽沈战役的态势基本形成了,东野几支主力部队均按时逼近锦州。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">9月12日,震惊中外的战略大决战的枪声,划破了北宁路山海关至唐山段天空的沉寂。</span></section><h2 class="" style="margin-bottom: 14px; font-weight: 400; font-size: 22px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="" data-backh="384" data-backw="448" data-before-oversubion-url="https://mmbiz.qlogo.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ToTQ6kDK5oPibmiageMRdNb8dj9MOo7BprMibl5enAyRXCayvMJPqUCiaQ3IPvL9Tn5JA10S73b1nLRqzajsX77AmA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-oversubion-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ToTQ6kDK5oPibmiageMRdNb8dj9MOo7Bpr7oGA5Xiaib1RgHTwJG1ltp1JbFMYfXqBTBNpzibmad2TUTzE1XjxuRlXw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.8571428571428571" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ToTQ6kDK5oPibmiageMRdNb8dj9MOo7Bpr7oGA5Xiaib1RgHTwJG1ltp1JbFMYfXqBTBNpzibmad2TUTzE1XjxuRlXw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="448" _width="308px" src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ToTQ6kDK5oPibmiageMRdNb8dj9MOo7Bpr7oGA5Xiaib1RgHTwJG1ltp1JbFMYfXqBTBNpzibmad2TUTzE1XjxuRlXw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" __sec_open_place_holder__="true" data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ToTQ6kDK5oPibmiageMRdNb8dj9MOo7Bpr7oGA5Xiaib1RgHTwJG1ltp1JbFMYfXqBTBNpzibmad2TUTzE1XjxuRlXw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&wxfrom=3&wxtype=jpeg" crossorigin="anonymous" data-fail="0" style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: start; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; width: 308px !important; visibility: visible !important;"></h2><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span><br style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">一切都布置得有条有理,司令部在美美地等待着预想中的捷报。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">然而谁也没有料到,第二天,机要员送来的却是八纵司令员、政委的请示电:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“锦州有两个机场,东郊机场已几年未用,西郊机场正在使用,请示应封锁哪个机场?”</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚楼气得差点没晕过去:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">两个机场,一个能用,一个不能用,封锁哪个,还用请示吗y他张口骂道:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“这两个饭桶,真是吃草的!没用的机场要你们封锁干嘛?”林彪也大发脾气:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“耽误了两天时间,应通报批评!”</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚楼虽然为前方的不灵活而火冒三丈,但他很快就采取了补救措施。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在总部的紧急电令下,九纵和炮纵火速赶到机场。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">这时敌人的运输机已经空运了两个团,正在紧张地卸武器装备和兵员。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">东野部队忙组织炮兵猛轰,5架飞机顿时中弹起火。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">机场里像炸了窝的马蜂.到处是尖叫乱蹿的士兵和汽车。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">还没有降落的飞机,在空中盘旋了一阵,无可奈何飞走了。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">9月30日,毛泽东致电“林罗刘”,表扬九纵控制了机场:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“毁机5架,甚慰。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">望传令嘉奖。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">”同时对八纵贻误战机,使敌人得以空运两个团提出了措词严厉的批评:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“大军作战,军令应加严。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">”同日,毛泽东针对“林罗刘”攻打锦州的决心及兵力部署的电报复电:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“决心与部署均好,即照此贯彻实施,争取大胜。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">”</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">此时,东野指挥部尚在哈尔滨,刘亚楼建议道:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">前线情况瞬息万变,指挥机关不应远离战场。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">罗荣桓也表示赞同。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">对打锦州还有顾虑的林彪,在这时才下决心启程南下,将指挥机关迁往前线。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">9月30日,“林罗刘”及野司、野政组成的东野“前指”乘车开往前线。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">为了迷惑敌耳目,他们先由双城秘密回到哈尔滨。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">10月1日,“林罗刘”发出了《准备夺取锦州,全歼东北敌人》的战斗动员令,同日夜间从哈市南站一个货运站台登车,凌晨1时出发。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">10月5日夜,列车到达锦州以北鲂牛屯。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“林罗刘”就在这里指挥了整个辽沈战役,直到沈阳解放。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">辽沈战役中,打得最激烈也最惨烈的是塔山。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">塔山位于锦州、锦西之间,是北宁线上的一个小村落。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">以塔山为中心,东起海滨,西到红螺山约30公里,是敌人由锦西增援锦州的必经之道。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如果说锦州是关东门户,距锦州20公里的塔山则是锦州的门户。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">一星期内能否攻克锦州,关键在于一星期内能否守住塔山。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">这注定在塔山将要展开一场空前绝后的恶战。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“林罗刘”关注塔山。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">10月5日,他们给四纵的电报中充满火药味:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“你们必须利用东白海边西至红螺山线约20余里的地区,作英勇顽强的攻势防御,而使我军创造震动全国的光荣的防御线。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">”</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚楼深知,林彪这次磨磨蹭蹭不想南下,车到山前又要打退堂鼓,是因为担心塔山守不住。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">林彪最担心的,自然也是刘亚楼最担心的。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">他知道,“街亭虽小,干系重大”,塔山实在非同小可。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">一旦被突破,侯镜如的东进兵团半天就可长驱直抵锦州。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">若侯镜如东进成功,廖耀湘西进可能就不再犹豫,那时可不是现在“剃头挑子一头热”的情形了。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">侯、廖两面夹攻,并和范汉杰锦州内外夹攻,弄不好东野只有拼命突围了。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">为了预防万一,攻锦兵力由6个纵队减为5个纵队,将一纵(欠三师)放到锦州和塔山之间的高桥,作为战役总预备队。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">这还不够,“林罗刘”还派总部参谋处长苏静去四纵协助指挥作战。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚楼对苏静说:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“四纵那里将有一场恶战,你一定要协助吴克华司令员、莫文骅政委指挥部队死守塔山,哪怕血流成河,也不能叫敌人前进一步。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">你告诉他们,塔山丢了,提着脑袋来见。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">”</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“对,就这样告诉四纵。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">塔山必须守住!拿不下锦州,军委要我的脑袋;</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">守不住塔山,我要他们的脑袋!”林彪声音不紧不慢,却也一语见“毒”。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">10月10日拂晓,国民党军凭借着海空优势,向无险可守的弹丸之地塔山发起了猛攻。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">战至13日黄昏,国民党中将、总统府华北战地督察组组长罗奇使出了杀手锏,指挥其在华北从未吃过败仗的“赵子龙师”,采取波浪式的冲击战术猛烈冲锋;</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">还组织了赤身裸体、头缠红布、手持机枪的“敢死队”,海盗般蜂涌而上。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">眼看整个塔山防线有崩溃的危险,四纵司令员、政委当众宣誓:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“我们的位置就在同志们身边,人在阵地在!”他们动用预备队反击,终于使塔山防线化险为夷。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">是夜,刘亚楼电话通知塔山:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">锦州外围据点已经全部扫清,攻城准备已完成,14日上午实行总攻。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">你们一定要管好自己那一亩三分地。</span></section><p style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">14日凌晨,敌军密如蝗群的炮弹带着骇人的啸音,再次向塔山阵地呼拥而来。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">从“重庆号”上发射的一发就可打掉一个排的大口径炮弹,在阵地上穿织碰撞。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">敌步兵在飞机掩护下,潮水一般一波又一波冲来。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">整整六昼夜,东野部队在塔山演就了威武雄壮的史剧,把塔山打成了中国战争史上的一座名山。</span></h3></div> <h3><br></h3><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">锦州外围敌据点肃清后,10月14日,“林罗刘”进入帽儿山指挥所。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">是日大风骤起,狂啸怒吼,也正因为风大,散烟也快,颇便于观察。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">时针“咔咔”走向10点,林彪转过身,朝刘亚楼点点头。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚楼对着话筒,大声喊:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“总攻开始!</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">”</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚楼这个总攻的命令即下:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">,在中华民族的历史上,第一次出现了近千门大炮在同一时刻同一地点向同一目标齐放的壮观场面。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在炮火的怒吼中,锦州城顿成一片火海,城墙、碉堡纷纷倒塌崩陷,铁丝网、梅花桩四散飞扬,护城壕在霎那间被夷为平地。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">是役中,东野新组建的坦克团两个坦克营参战,这在解放军历史上也是第一次。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">经31小时激战,东:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">化野战军全歼锦州守敌12万人,生俘范汉杰、卢浚泉、李当及其以下将官43人。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“林罗刘”把握了一个最好的战机,选择了一个最佳战场,表演一出令历史击节的好戏</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">林彪说他是“天生的军事家”。把参谋长与司令员、政委并提,这在其他野战军中是绝无仅有的</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚楼在东北期间,主要是以其卓越的军事才能为主帅出谋划策,“运筹帷幄之中,决胜千里之外”。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1946年12月中旬,也就是刘亚楼从佳木斯回到哈尔滨一星期后,他协助林彪部署和指挥了历时3个月的“三下江南”和“四保临江”战役。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">一个称职的参谋长,不仅要了解敌我双方部队的素质、作战特点、主官姓名、内部关系、武器装备、兵员新老成分和战斗与非战斗人员比例,还要洞察作战地区的地形特点、交通情况、机动能力、群众条件、气候影响等等。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">当刘亚楼准备好这些材料时,林彪颔首赞许:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“我们有了一个得力的司令部。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">”他还称赞刘亚楼是“天生的军事家”。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">三下江南和四保临江战役后,东北战场的战局向着有利于联军的方向发展,南满、北满开始协同作战,统一行动。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">两条溪流汇在一起,东北形势骤变,攻守之势易手。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">联军由战略防御转入战略进攻。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1947年初夏,在联军总部高级作战会议上,刘亚楼向林彪建议:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">三下江南、四保临江战役后,我方总兵力已达46万,敌我兵力基本相等,但就机动兵力而言,我军超过敌军而占优势;</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">为执行军委关于打通南满、北满联系的指示,从根本上改变东北战场的形势,应于适宜时机发起一次攻势。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">林彪同意刘亚楼的意见。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">当年“东总”的老人都说:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚楼很有军事天才,他提出的建议,几乎没有不被林彪采纳的。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">从1947年夏季攻势开始后,共产党人在黑土地上的每次胜利,都有刘亚楼的智慧在闪光。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">夏季攻势开始后,大黑林子一战,民主联军用“口袋战术”全歼敌八十八师全部和九十一师大部,击毙七十一军参谋长冯宗毅、八十八师师长韩增栋等将官。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在乘胜收复公主岭时,民主联军曾一度炸坏了七十一军军长陈明仁的小汽车轮胎。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">5月22日,联军的铁拳砸向四平。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">林彪要力雪去年的四平之耻,给夏季攻势划上一个圆满的句号。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">6月14日晚8时20分开始的四平之战,其惨烈、激烈、壮烈程度,在全国战场也是罕见的。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">经苦苦鏖战,四平大半个城池已经在民主联军手里了。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">但就在陈明仁确实顶不住,做好了“以身殉国”的打算时,国民党两路援军南北对进逐渐逼近四平,与民主联军担任打援的部队接上了火。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">林彪不禁吃惊起来:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">怎会打成这个结局?</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚楼说:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">再坚持一两天,战局就会朝有利于我方的方向转化。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">林彪反问:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如果一两天拿不下四平呢?</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚楼分析道:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">郑洞国和孙立人的援军虽已赶到,但他们被我们的“围城打援”搞怕了,行动肯定谨慎,走一步看三步。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">我军完全有足够的时间给四平守军最后一击。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“拿不下四平,全军就将陷于被动,趁敌未合围前,快撤。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">”比郑洞国还要谨慎小心的林彪,像当年的四平保卫战一样,在节骨眼上以撤为上策。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">这一撤,再次救了陈明仁的命。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">后来表明,如果林彪这次听从刘亚楼的建议,整个东北的局势将提前改变。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">但不打冒险仗的林彪与历史的机遇失之交臂。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">辽沈战役期间,来往于黑土地和西柏坡之间的几十份电报,篇末和篇首大都是“林罗刘”,有时是“林罗刘谭”。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“谭”,指的是老资格的政治部主任、后来被授予大将军衔的谭政。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">把参谋长与司令员、政委并提,这在其他野战军中是绝无仅有的。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">建国后曾担任大军区和省、部一级领导的一些四野老人,都说自己当年在“林罗刘”身上学到了许多东西,在战斗作风、工作方法上彼此共同的烙印很多。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">而“林罗刘”在一般军官和士兵中口碑更好:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">战争年代摊上个能打仗的指挥员,那是福气,打胜仗,少流血,还能学本事,否则,窝囊不说,死都不知是咋死的。</span></section> <h3><br></h3><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">兵有强弱,将有巧拙,千军易得,一将难求,一支军队能不能打,首先还是取决于为将者的水平。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在这点上来说,“林罗刘”堪称强将。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">强将手下无弱兵。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">司令员对政委是平起平坐,对参谋长却有上下之分,但林彪似乎不大计较这些。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">与其他野战军明显区别的还有,其他野战军首长都非常重视集体领导,每一次战役前都要集体开会研究,分析敌情,作出判断,决定战役总体原则,然后再由司令部作战部门根据总体作战原则作出具体方案,而东野却有所不同。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“林罗刘”三人中,林彪考虑大事,定作战决心,其他事基本撒手不管。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">他的作战决心一下,罗荣桓在政治工作上保证促使完成,而把林彪定下的作战决心变成计划和命令,并组织部队实施等一套,就几乎由年轻力壮的刘亚楼“承包”了。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">每逢大事,三人便在林彪家里(有时在办公室)一块讨论。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">可以说,共产党能在东北取得这么快、这么大的胜利,和这三位黄金搭档密不可分。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“东总”的许多老人都说:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘参谋长有水平,人也随和,没架子,可他发起火来,批评足轻的,动辄还拍桌子骂娘,没被他骂过的纵队级领导,还真难找。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">其实,刘亚楼不是那种一见人就骂,走到哪骂到哪的人,他的骂往往事出有因。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">一次,一位老资格的纵队领导领受任务干砸后,刘亚楼召开大会进行批评。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">那位纵队领导强调有实际困难。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚楼听了他列举的那些困难后,更火了:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">你有困难找我呀!我这个参谋长吃干饭的呀!不就是给你们解决难题的吗?有问题,你提出来嘛,解决不了算我的责任,现在哭爹叫娘算什么?你以为这是小孩子过家家呀,这是打仗,要死人的,人死了还能活!直批得那位纵队领导低头不语。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">哪个纵队好坏,哪个纵队领导好坏,他指名道姓,该表扬的表扬,该批评该通报的就批评通报,绝不含糊。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚楼即使发火,也能发到点子上。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">不管发火不发火,他都是连讲带比划。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">同样一句话,从他嘴里讲出来,或是骂出来,味道就和别人不一样。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">他讲话讲得很有煽动性。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">有时林彪听了,也笑一笑,随后补充一两句,说:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“参谋长讲得不错。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">”有的领导背地里有意见,罗荣桓就给刘亚楼“撑腰”:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“参谋长脾气是大了点,但他说的是对的,你们应该做好。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">”</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">数年来,据一些当年的“东总”老人,他们讲起刘亚楼,语含敬意,让“参座”形象血肉丰满,呼之欲出:</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“刘参谋长对人严格。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">谁睡得早了点,他也不说话,进屋把灯打开,再翻一阵抽屉什么的,把对方折腾醒。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">谁起来晚了,他进屋把窗户打开。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“刘参谋长严格的工作作风,不只是对别人,他对自己也是这样。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">真可谓严于律己,以身作则。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">每次战役,从准备到结束,他常常是紧张工作十几二十个昼夜。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">他就像胡琴上的弦一样,总是绷得紧紧的。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">吃不好,睡不着,面色发黄。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">虽然十分疲劳,但他的精神状态很好,头脑依然机敏,工作照样雷厉风行……</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“解放战争时期,在东北战场那样混乱的局面,那样不利的敌我形势下,我们能很快地发展到百万大军,同美械化和训练有素的敌人连续作战,并不断取得胜利,如果没有一个坚强果断、雷厉风行的参谋长,及其领导的有力的司令部机关协助军政主官组织指挥作战,是难以做到的。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在这方面,应该说刘亚楼参谋长是有重大贡献的。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">”</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚楼除了能干、会干,还能玩、会玩。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">有条件时,他忙里偷闲,跳舞,打猎,侃大山,样样精通,玩起来像干工作一样精力过人。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">据说他“神聊”特别在行,往那儿一坐,古今中外,海阔天空,一会儿就聚一堆人。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">有时,林彪也踱过来当听众。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚楼看见后,就站起来叫声“林总”或是“101”,林彪却说:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“讲,讲下去。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">”</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">林彪不爱玩,也不会玩,几乎没有嗜好。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚楼看他太累,生活太枯燥乏味了,曾鼓动他去玩。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">林彪也曾“响应”过,在黑龙江双城曾和刘亚楼一道出去打过几次猎,在哈尔滨也和刘亚楼一道去跳过舞。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">那时,敢叫林彪去玩,能叫动林彪去玩的,大概只有刘亚楼了。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚楼敬重林彪,但并不是事事都迁就他,打锦州时的争议姑且不说,辽沈战役结束后也有一场争议。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">当时“林罗刘”签发的上报中央、毛泽东的《关于九、十两月份作战情况综合报告》的电文中,写进了“在攻打锦州问题上,我们曾一度犹豫,后来又纠正了”的话。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">对这段文字,林彪是极为不满的,由于罗荣桓和刘亚楼的坚持与说服,才只好照此签发。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", serif; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">锦州之战结束后,蒋介石急命廖耀湘10万精兵继续西进,与侯镜如东进兵团配合,妄图重新夺回锦州,而东北“剿总”司令卫立煌则命廖兵团立即回师退守沈阳。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">蒋、卫争执不下,不乏精明的廖耀湘认为他们的方案都是于己不利的纸上谈兵。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">他决定“将在外君命有所不受”,秘密拟定了一个利己方案——攻占营口,夺取港口以便从海上逃跑。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">蒋、卫、廖的3种方案中,实施任何一种,都必须拿下黑山。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">锦州拿下了,东野下一个作战目标,要么南下攻击锦西、葫芦岛侯镜如的东进兵团,要么东进围歼廖耀湘的西进兵团。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">鲂牛屯东野指挥部,林彪来回踱步,好一番深思细想。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">此前,毛泽东已来电报,指示东野休整半月左右,先夺取锦西、葫芦岛。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“林罗刘”综合敌情通报后,判断廖兵团在秘密实施总退却,通过打黑山,伺机攻占营口,以便随时可以上船逃跑。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“林罗刘”再三权衡,为了实现最理想的情况,驰电西柏坡,向毛泽东和中央军委申明北上转歼廖耀湘兵团的意图和决心。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">伟人的英明,往往体现在关键时刻。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">19日17时,毛泽东回电:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“……在这种情况下,你们采取诱敌深入,打大歼灭战的方针,甚为正确。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">”</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">北上方案通过后,刘亚楼亲笔起草电令,随后协助林、罗调兵布阵,运筹帷幄。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">10月20日晚,东野攻锦大军取消了毛泽东“休整15天即行作战”的电示,提前10天出动了。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">他们“明修栈道,暗渡陈仓”,公开宣称南进扫荡北宁线,然而却在夜幕的掩护下,像一股股钢铁巨流,以排山倒海之势向辽西战场开进,协同黑山阻击部队及隐蔽的机动纵队,与号称东北蒋军实力最强、最精锐的廖耀湘兵团展开了大会战。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如果说锦州之战是辽沈战役的关键性初战,那么,辽西歼灭战就是辽沈战役的最后决战。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">10月21日,廖兵团开始猛攻黑山,攻了1天毫无进展。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">当加强兵力再攻时,东野已命梁兴初率十纵和1个独立师进入黑山、大虎山,协同黑山守军严阵以待。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">23日,黑山阻击战打得正激烈时,刘亚楼电告梁兴初:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> “务使敌在我阵前尸横遍野而不得前进。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">只要你们坚持3天,为主力到达争取时间,西逃之敌必遭全歼!”</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">25日,廖耀湘见黑山仍未得手,信心动摇,又获悉攻锦共军已回师辽西,遂放弃重占锦州计划,决心跳出黑山和大虎山,向台安前进,准备出营口。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">可东野主力已赶至堵截。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">廖兵团只好又改变计划向沈阳撤退,但此时退路已没有了。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">25日黄昏,东野十万火急电令六纵:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">你部立即掉头,务必堵死敌沈阳退路。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">当一场举足轻重的决战刚刚打响就已稳操胜券时,刘亚楼显得激动而痛快。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在作战室里,他查对着电报,指示参谋人员在地图上拔掉或插上红旗、蓝旗。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚楼沉浸在一种出神入化的境界中。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">他和林彪、罗荣桓把握了一个最好的战机,选择了一个最佳的战场,投入了最合适的精兵,表演了一出将令历史击节的拿手好戏。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">他们的聪明、才智和技巧,在战场上得到了淋漓尽致的发挥!</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">对部队特点了如指掌的刘亚楼,协助林彪指挥十纵拦住敌先头,六纵截断敌后尾,东返主力向敌中间一冲,廖耀湘兵团顿时乱了套!</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在作战室,刘亚楼指示各部队:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">廖耀湘搞的是立体滚筒式撤退,我们也来个立体滚筒式似地追击围堵,都滚到一块去,不要怕乱,大胆渗透、穿插,以乱对乱,“乱而取之”。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">林彪也将指挥权适时下放到各纵和独立师:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">哪里有枪声就往哪里打,哪里枪声密集就往哪里冲。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">我不管什么纵队找不到师,师找不到团,找到廖耀湘就行!</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">一时间,辽西平原尤其是新立屯、黑山、沟帮子一带,枪炮声分不出个数,天地间的一切都被各种爆炸、火光、烟尘亢塞了。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">这是一场空前规模的鏖战,双方都倾其全力,数十万人纠缠扭打在一起。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">枪管赤热,刺刀滴血,战线纵横交叉,犬牙交错。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">起伏不平的大地上,烟尘滚滚,看不到尽头的钢盔忽而消失在地平线上,忽而冒出地平线,构成一种令人眼花缭乱的神奇效果。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">东野“旋风纵队”——韩先楚的三纵在黄永胜六纵和詹才芳十纵配合下,第一棒就打碎了廖兵团的”脑袋”——兵团指挥部。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">蒋介石五大主力中的新一军、新六军和新三军3个军的首脑机关几乎同时被铲除,四十九军、七十一军亦失去联系。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">没有了“脑袋”,群龙无首的廖兵团阵脚彻底地乱了。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">26日下午,廖耀湘窜逃到他发家的“老本”新二十二师师部,见战场指挥全部中断,无法与各军、师联络,紧迫时刻他以仅有的一线希望,拿起无线报话机,牛明半暗地呼叫所属部队,妄图恢复指挥。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚楼在前指无线电信号中多次听到廖耀湘反复呼叫“二道岗子”,认定这是个十分有价值的情报。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">根据战场形势分析,刘亚楼判断,肯定是新民西南靠北宁线的那个小村落,随即命令就近部队向这个“二道岗子”进击。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">敌人大部集结还没来得及恢复指挥,就又再次被东野打乱,溃不成军。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">廖耀湘虽然已经不惜一切代价要和共军“拼了”,但突围还是无望,而且包围圈越缩越小,惊得目瞪口呆。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">他向着被硝烟遮掩的夕阳仰天长叹:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“老天!”</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">廖耀湘在仰天长叹,刘亚楼却在哈哈大笑,因为几个纵队的司令员都打来电话问他:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“新二十二师究竟是谁消灭的?”</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">新二十二师是蒋介石五大主力之一新六军的主力,廖耀湘就是从新二十二师师长的位置上被提拔上来的。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">公正地说,这是个有点令人谈虎色变的“虎师”。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">打了3年,东野各纵队大都和它交过手,都没占多少便宜。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">林彪曾几次准备集中10个主力师,想消灭敌军这个“王牌”中的“王牌”,可由于该师能打又能溜,让林彪这个“黑土地之狐”始终未能如愿。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">新二十二师这次向新民撤逃时,被东野几个纵队分头咬住,几经枪打炮轰之后,才唏哩哗啦“散花”了。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">几位纵队司令员为争功而提出的这个有趣的问题,引起刘亚楼一阵大笑:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">我也说不清是哪个纵队消灭的,反正是解放军消灭的!</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">10月28日,辽西战场硝烟还未散尽,辽阔的平原上已摆出了成千上万的部队,一路烟尘冲向新的目标。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">11月2日,东北最大的工业城市沈阳全城解放。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">同日,营口易帜。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">至此,历时52天的辽沈战役宣告结束,共歼灭和生俘国民党军官兵47.2万人。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">11月3日,中共中央给东野发来贺电,热烈祝贺“完成解放东北全境的伟大胜利”。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">同一天“林罗刘”致电军委东北局,字里行间已全没了火药味。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; min-height: 1em; border-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">看到自己的爱将们在黑土地上将杜聿明和他的继任者陈诚、卫立煌三员国民党大将挑落马下,站在西柏坡岭上穿一套肥大衣服的毛泽东,按捺不住内心的喜悦,胸中激荡着“问苍茫大地,谁主沉浮”的诗情画意。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">就在辽沈战役结束不久,他著文宣告:</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“原来预计,从1946年7月起,大约需要5年便可能从根本上打倒国民党反动政府。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">现在看来,只需要从现时起,再有一年左右的时间,就可能将国民党政府从根本上打倒。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">”</span></section><div><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></span></div></span></section>