新概念英语第一册第15-16课文讲解

Linda Shen

<h3>1. Lesson 15 Your passports, please.&nbsp;&nbsp; </h3><h3>请出示你们的护照</h3><h3>2. Are you Swedish?&nbsp;&nbsp; 海关关员:&nbsp; 你们是瑞典人吗?</h3><h3>3. No, we are not. We are Danish.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 姑娘们: </h3><h3>不是,我们是丹麦人。</h3><h3>4. Are your friends Danish, too?&nbsp;&nbsp; 海关关员: 你们的朋友也是丹麦人吗?</h3><h3>5. No, they aren't. They are Norwegian.&nbsp;&nbsp; 姑娘们: 不是,他们是挪威人。</h3><h3>6. Your passports, please. 海关关员: 请出示你们的护照。</h3><h3>7. Here they are.&nbsp; 姑娘们: 给您。</h3><h3>8. Are these your cases? 海关关员: 这些是你们的箱子吗?</h3><h3>9. No, they aren't. Our cases are brown. </h3><h3>Here they are. 姑娘们: 不是,我们的箱子是棕色的,在这儿呢。</h3><h3>10. Are you tourists?&nbsp;&nbsp; 海关关员: 你们是来旅游的吗?</h3><h3>11. Yes, we are.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 姑娘们: 是的。</h3><h3>12. Are your friends tourists, too?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 海关关员: 你们的朋友也是来旅游的吗?</h3><h3>13. Yes, they are.&nbsp;&nbsp; 姑娘们: 是的。</h3><h3>14. That's fine.&nbsp;&nbsp; 海关关员: 好了。</h3><h3>15. Thank you very much. 姑娘们:&nbsp; 非常</h3><h3>感谢。</h3> <h3>New words and&nbsp; expressions&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</h3><h3> 生词和短语:</h3><h3>customs n.&nbsp;海关</h3><h3>customer&nbsp;n. 顾客</h3><h3>office&nbsp;n. 办公室</h3><h3>officer&nbsp;n. 官员</h3><h3>customs&nbsp;officer 海关官员</h3><h3>passport&nbsp;n. 护照</h3><h3>Danish&nbsp;n. 丹麦人</h3><h3>Denmark&nbsp;n. 丹麦</h3><h3>girl&nbsp;n. 女孩&nbsp;</h3><h3>friend&nbsp;n. 朋友</h3><h3>Norwegian n. 挪威人</h3><h3>Norway&nbsp;n. 挪威</h3><h3>tour&nbsp;n. 旅游</h3><h3>tourist&nbsp;n. 旅游者</h3><h3>Russian n. 俄罗斯人</h3><h3>Russia&nbsp;n. 俄罗斯</h3><h3>Dutch&nbsp;n. 荷兰人</h3><h3>Holland&nbsp;n. 荷兰</h3><h3>these pron. 这些</h3><h3>those pron. 那些</h3><h3><br></h3><h3>记忆技巧</h3><h3>1. office+人= officer 官员</h3><h3>2. teach+人=teacher 教师</h3><h3>3. drive +人=driver 司机</h3><h3>4. tour(旅游)+ist(人)= tourist 旅游者</h3><h1>5. pass(通过)+port(港口)= passport 护照</h1> <h3>Text analysis of lesson 15&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</h3><h3>&nbsp; 第15课的课文分析</h3><h3>请看第1句-课文标题:<br></h3><h3>Your passports, please. </h3><h3>请出示你们的护照。</h3><h3>我们曾经在第3课课文里学过名词+please的结构:</h3><h3>My coat and my umbrella, please.</h3><h3>同时我们还学过:</h3><h3>Your ticket, please.</h3><h3>A cup of coffee, please.</h3><h3>This way, please.</h3><h3>我们课文的标题也属于这同一类结构。</h3><h3>另外,大家是否已经注意到了passport 加上了s, 变成了passports?</h3><h3>是的,passports 是 passport的复数形式,</h3><h3>从第15课开始,我们将学习句子的复数形式。</h3><h3>在开始学习之前,让我们先回顾一下我们已经学到的人称代词:&nbsp; I&nbsp; you&nbsp;&nbsp; he she,以及与之相对应的动词“be”的不同形式:</h3><h3>I am &nbsp; 我是</h3><h3>you&nbsp;are 你是</h3><h3>he is&nbsp;&nbsp; 他是</h3><h3>she is 她是</h3><h3>毫无疑问, 以上所述的人称代词以及与之相对应的动词"be"都是单数形式。</h3><h3>在第15课里,我们要学习我、你、他/她的复数形式以及与这些复数形式相对应的动词“be”的形式 ,即:<br></h3><h3>we&nbsp;are&nbsp;&nbsp; 我们是</h3><h3>you&nbsp;are&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 你们是</h3><h3>&nbsp;they&nbsp;are&nbsp;&nbsp; 他们是</h3><h3>请看第2句:<br></h3><h3>Are you Swedish? </h3><h3>你们是瑞典人吗?</h3><h3>第3句:</h3><h3>We are Danish.</h3><h3>我们是丹麦人。</h3><h3>第5句:</h3><h3>They are Norwegian.</h3><h3>他们是挪威人。</h3><h3>以上三个句子都是人称代词的复数形式句子。</h3><h3>请看第7句: </h3><h3>Here they are.&nbsp;&nbsp; 给您。</h3><h3>大家是否记得在第11课课文里我们曾经学过“给你”的英语表达是:</h3><h3>Here you are.</h3><h3>那为什么在本课课文里,同样的意思要用</h3><h3>Here they are. 来表达?</h3><h3>大家知道,本课课文全面展示的是句子的复数形式,所以</h3><h3>Here they are?能更明确表达一个复数概念。</h3><h3>请看第8句:</h3><h3>Are these your cases?</h3><h3>请大家注意, these(这些)是this(这个) 的复数形式,那么,那些是你们的箱子吗?这句话应该怎么说?<br></h3><h3>Are those your cases?</h3><h3>显而易见, those 是that的复数形式。</h3><h3>请大家来看一个例句:</h3><h3>This is his watch.</h3><h3>这是他的手表。</h3><h3>这是一个单数形式的句子, 如果我们要把这个句子变成复数形式的句子:</h3><h3>These are their watches.</h3><h3>这些是他们的手表。</h3><h3>请大家仔细看一下, 这个句子中的每一个成分都改变了。</h3><h3>所以<b>一个句子的复数形式不是单指句子中的某一个单词,而是关乎到整个句子。</b></h3><h3>另外请同学们注意,复数形式只对于名词、代词而言,形容词、副词没有复数形式。比如:</h3><h3>Our cases are brown.</h3><h3>我们的箱子是棕色的。</h3><h3>请注意: brown 无论在单数句子中,还是在复数句子中,它都不会有变化。</h3><h3>请看第10句:</h3><h3>Are you tourists?&nbsp; </h3><h3>你们是旅游者吗?</h3><h3>请问同学们,你们从哪里可以辨别出这个句子所指是“你们”,而不是"你" ? </h3><h3>回答: 因为 tourist 用了复数形式 tourists ;</h3><h3>那么请问同学们,“你是旅游者吗?” 这句话应该怎么说?</h3><h3>回答: Are you a tourist ?</h3><h3>请注意,以上句子不但 tourist 是单数形式,而且在此之前加了冠词"a"。</h3><h3>请看第14句:</h3><h3>That's fine.&nbsp;&nbsp; </h3><h3>这个句子在英语口语中用得非常普遍, 它解释:</h3><h3>行了! 可以了!</h3> <h3>本课的语法部分-名词的复数形式</h3><h3>1.一般名词+s,比如:</h3><h3>girl&nbsp;变成girls</h3><h3>2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词+es,比如:</h3><h3>bus变成buses,</h3><h3>box变成boxes,</h3><h3>watch变成watches,</h3><h3>brush&nbsp;变成brushes.</h3><h3>3.以f,fe&nbsp;结尾的名词,变成&nbsp;ves, 比如:</h3><h3>wife&nbsp;变成wives,</h3><h3>knife&nbsp;变成knives,</h3><h3>4.辅音字母+y&nbsp;结尾的名词,变y为i+es, 比如:</h3><h3>baby&nbsp;变成babies,</h3><h3>元音字母加y&nbsp;结尾的名词,直接加s, 比如:</h3><h3>boy&nbsp;变成&nbsp;boys,</h3><h3>5.辅音字母+o结尾的名词,+es, 比如:</h3><h3>tomato&nbsp;变成tomatoes,</h3><h3>元音字母+o结尾的名词,&nbsp;直接+s, 比如:</h3><h3>zoo&nbsp;变成&nbsp;zoos</h3><h3>radio&nbsp;变成radios</h3><h3>6.不规则形态:</h3><h3>man&nbsp;变成&nbsp;men</h3><h3>woman&nbsp;变成women</h3><h3>foot&nbsp;变成&nbsp;feet</h3><h3>tooth&nbsp;变成&nbsp;teeth</h3><h3>child&nbsp;变成children.</h3> <h3>Exercises in lesson 16 </h3><h3>第16课的练习题</h3><h3>1. Are you English?</h3><h3>No, we are not. We are Russian.&nbsp;&nbsp; 你们是英国人吗?不,我们是俄罗斯人。</h3><h3>2. Are you American?</h3><h3>No, we are not. We are English.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 你们是美国人吗?不,我们是英国人。</h3><h3>3. Are you Dutch?</h3><h3>No, we are not. We are American.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 你们是荷兰人吗?不,我们是美国人。</h3><h3>4. What nationality are they?&nbsp;&nbsp; 他们是哪国人?</h3><h3>They are Dutch.</h3><h3>他们是荷兰人。</h3><h3>5. Are these your tickets?</h3><h3>Yes, they are.</h3><h3>这些是你们的票子吗?</h3><h3>是的。</h3><h3>What colour are your tickets?</h3><h3>They are yellow.</h3><h3>你们的票子是什么颜色的?</h3><h3>是黄色的。</h3><h3>6. Are these your passports?</h3><h3>Yes, they are.</h3><h3>这些是你们的护照吗?</h3><h3>是的。</h3><h3>What colour are your passports?</h3><h3>They are green.</h3><h3>你们的护照是什么颜色的?</h3><h3>是绿色的。</h3><h3>7. What colour are your ties?</h3><h3>They are orange.</h3><h3>你们的领带是什么颜色的?</h3><h3>是橙色的。</h3><h3>8.What colour are your dogs?</h3><h3>They are brown and white.</h3><h3>你们的狗狗们是什么颜色的?</h3><h3>是棕色和白色相嵌的。</h3><h3>9. What colour are your blouses?</h3><h3>They are blue.</h3><h3>你们的衬衫是什么颜色的?</h3><h3>是蓝色的。</h3> <h3>三. 指路用语</h3><h3>1. Walk down this street</h3><h3>沿着这条路走。</h3><h3>2. Go along this road to the end.&nbsp; 沿着这条路走到尽头。</h3><h3>3. Turn left at the first crossing.</h3><h3>在第1个十字路口向左拐。</h3><h3>4. Go straight two blocks and turn right.&nbsp;&nbsp; 直行两个街区,然后右拐。</h3><h3>5. Go straight and turn left on park street.&nbsp; 一直走,在公园街左转。</h3><h3>6. It's on your left.&nbsp;&nbsp; 在你的左边。</h3><h3>7. It's next to the bank.&nbsp;&nbsp; 在银行旁边。</h3><h3>8. You can't miss it.&nbsp;&nbsp; 你会很容易找到的。(你不会错过的)</h3><h3>9. It's about 50 meters from here.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 距离这里大约50米。</h3><h3>10. It's about 8 minutes walk from here.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 从这里大约要走8 分钟。</h3><h3>11. It's quite close.&nbsp;&nbsp; 离这儿很近。</h3><h3>12. It's quite a long way.&nbsp;&nbsp; 要走很长的路。</h3><h3>13. Takes the bus 921 and it will take you straight there.</h3><h3>乘坐921公交就能直接把你送到那里。</h3><h3>14. You'd better take a taxi.</h3><h3>你最好打的去。</h3><h3>注:&nbsp; You'd better= You had better&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 你最好…</h3><h3>15. You are going the wrong way.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 你走错路了。 </h3><h3>16. You are going the wrong direction.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 你走错方向了。</h3><h3><br></h3><h3>如果你没听清对方怎么说,你可以这样问:</h3><h3>Pardon ? Can you repeat it again,please?</h3><h3><br></h3><h3>有人向你问路而你对附近并不熟悉 ,你可这样回答:</h3><h3>1. Sorry, I don't know. I'm new here, too.&nbsp;&nbsp; 对不起我不知道,我也是刚到这儿的。</h3><h3>2.&nbsp; Sorry, I'm not sure. You'd better ask the policeman over there.&nbsp;&nbsp; 对不起,我不能确定,你最好问那边的警察。</h3><h3><br></h3><h3>~与指路相关的单词和短语~</h3><h3>walk [wɔ:k] 行走</h3><h3>street [stri:t] 街&nbsp; </h3><h3>road [rəud] 路</h3><h3>along ['əlɔŋ] 沿着 </h3><h3>end [end] 尽头&nbsp; </h3><h3>turn [tə:n] 转向</h3><h3>crossing [krɔsiŋ] 十字路口</h3><h3>intersection [intə'sek∫n] 十字路口&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; block [blɔk] 街区</h3><h3>straight [streit] 直接</h3><h3>next [nekst] 下一个的</h3><h3>miss [mis] 错过</h3><h3>meter ['mi:tə(r)] 米</h3><h3>minute ['minit] 分钟</h3><h3>quite [kwait] 很;相当</h3><h3>close [kləuz] 靠近</h3><h3>wrong [rɔŋ] 错误的</h3><h3>pardon ['pa:dn] 对不起&nbsp; </h3><h3>repeat [ri'pi:t] 重复&nbsp; </h3><h3>traffic ['træfik] 交通</h3><h3>roundabout ['raudbaut] (交通)环岛</h3><h3>first [fəst] 第一 </h3><h3>second ['sekənd] 第二</h3><h3>third [θə:d] 第三</h3><h3>fourth [fɔ:θ] 第四 </h3><h3>fifth [fifθ] 第五 </h3><h3>the first roundabout&nbsp; 第1个环形交叉口</h3><h3>the second intercection&nbsp;&nbsp; 第2个十字路口&nbsp; </h3><h3>the third street&nbsp;&nbsp; 第3条街&nbsp; </h3><h3>the fourth traffic light&nbsp;&nbsp; 第四个交通灯 </h3><h3>the fifth traffic light&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 第5个交通灯</h3><h3>make a left&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 向左转</h3><h3>make a right&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 向右转</h3><h3><br></h3><h3>四. 感谢用语 </h3><h3>1. Thank you very much./</h3><h3>Thanks a lot.&nbsp;&nbsp; </h3><h3>2. thank you anyway.</h3><h3>还是要谢谢你。(对方表示不能指路时的感谢语)</h3>