盘状肺不张的影像表现及其诊断标准

Fanshl

ROUND ATELECTASIS
Round atelectasis is focal atelectasis with a round morphology that is always associated with an adjacent pleural abnormality(e.g.，pleural effusion，pleural thickening or plaque，pleural neoplasm，etc.)．
Round atelectasis is most common in the posterior lower lobes．
All five of the following findings must be present to diagnose round atelectasis：
1)Adjacent pleura must be abnomal．
2)Opacity must be peripheral and in contact with the pleura．
3)Opacity must be round or elliptical．
4)Volume loss must be present in the affected lobe．
5)Pulmonary vessels and bronchi leading into the opacity must be curved——this is the comet tail sign．
盘状肺不张
盘状肺不张是一个圆形的局限性肺不张．几乎均伴有邻近胸膜的异常(如胸腔积液、胸膜增厚或斑块、胸膜肿瘤等)。
盘状肺不张最常见于肺下叶的后部。
诊断盘状肺不张必须满足以下五个影像学表现：
1)邻近胸膜必须有异常。
2)致密影必须位于外周并与胸膜相接触。
3)致密影必须呈圆形或椭圆形。
4)受累肺叶必须有容积减少。
5)指向致密影的肺血管和支气管必须是弯曲的——即彗尾征。

Round atelectasis：Noncontrast CT shows a rounded opacity in the medial right lower lobe(red arrows)．This example meets all five criteria for round atelectasis including adjacent pleural abnormality(effusion)，opacity in contact with the pleura，round shape，volume loss in the affected lobe，and the comet tail sign(yellow arrows)representing curved vessels and bronchi leading to the  of round atelectasis．
盘状肺不张：CT平扫显示右肺下叶内侧一圆形致密影(红箭头)。该病例具有盘状肺不张的全部五个诊断标准，包括邻近胸膜异常(胸腔积液)、致密影与胸膜相连、圆形、受累肺叶容积减少，以及彗尾征(黄箭头)，后者代表指向盘状肺不张的弯曲血管和支气管。